Caafimaadka, Cudurrada iyo Xaaladaha
Beesho trauma caloosha. Burburka xubnaha caloosha. xaaladaha degdegga ah
Qufulan (af beesho) caloosha trauma - dhaawac aan la Ulasocto jebinta daacadnimada derbiga caloosha. dhaawacyo Kuwani waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaannaa "non-cabaar". Si kastaba ha ahaatee, la'aanta ah ee heley muuqaal aan caddayn ee ilaalinta ee xubnaha gudaha. trauma caloosha xiran waxaa ka mid ah waxyeelo ay xammeetidu, beeryarada, beerka, mareenka caloosha, kaadi haysta iyo kilyaha, taas oo saameyn ku caafimaadka bukaan-socodka oo keeni karta in la dilo.
etiology
Garaaca caloosha waxaa loo arkaa sabab weyn oo dhaawac u xubnaha gudaha. Inta badan bukaanka saamaysay hab this, ayaa dabacsan at dambeeya waqtiga dhaawaca. muruqyada ku nastaan, in dhirfinaya ciidamada lays qoto dheer dhufan galay unugyo ah. Hannaanku wuxuu waxa lagu gartaa dhaawac in arrimaha soo socda:
- dhacdooyinka dembiyada (shot feeray ama laaday caloosha);
- ka height a dhici;
- Shil gaari;
- dhaawac isboorti;
- reflex qufac Cameroon, raaceen by foosha af badan oo ka mid ah murqaha caloosha,
- shilalka warshadaha;
- aafooyinka dabiiciga ah ama dagaal.
Waqtigan xaadirka ah ee saamaynta factor ee waxyeello keeni karo dhaawac derbiga caloosha, joogitaanka cayilka iyo bedelkeeda, qalab daaqa ama tabar-dari muruq kordhiyaa halista dhaawaca in xubnaha gudaha.
Xaaladaha caafimaad oo joogto ah ayaa la xiriira dhaawacyada, xira lesions caloosha beesho la jab laf ka mid ah jirka, miskaha, feeraha, dhabarka, dhaawacyada cranio-cerebral. hab noocan oo kale ah waxay keentaa horumarinta dhiig oo sareeya khasaare, miisaanka iyo xaaladda bukaanka dedejisaa muuqaalka kore ee lama filaan ah argagaxa.
Haddii kasta oo dhaawacyada yar yar waa in qolka xaaladaha degdegga ah ee kuugu dhow tagaan. Saacba shaqeynaya, shaqaalaha waxay yeelan doonaan gargaarka degdegga ah, go'aan su'aasha ah ee cusbitaal iyo joogitaanka dhaawac gudaha. Waa inaad taxadar! In case of xaalad daran wixii la dillaacaan xubnaha gudaha dhaqdhaqaaqa madax banaan saameysey ama looga shakiyo bukaanka waa u. Hubi inaad soo wacdo ambalaas.
kala soocidda
trauma caloosha Blunt waxaa loo kala waafaqsan mabaadiida soo socda:
- Aan xubnaha dhaawac ee saabka caloosha (burbur, ilmada kooxaha muruqa iyo fascia).
- Iyada oo ay goobjoog ka ahaayeen dhaawaca in xubnaha gudaha, kuwaas oo ku yaalla meel u xuubka hoose (beerka jebiyo qaybaha beeryarada mareenka, kaadi haysta).
- Iyada oo dhaawac diyaarin xubnaha retroperitoneal (gap xameetida, kalyaha).
- Pathology dhiig bax intraperitoneal.
- Burburka, Ulasocto hanjabaad dhacdo of peritonitis (trauma xubnaha godkii).
- Isugeynta dhaawac ah parenchymal iyo xubnaha godan.
xanuun syndrome
trauma caloosha xiran waxa lagu gartaa hore iyo cabashada ugu weyn ee ka dhibbanaha - ah ee xanuun caloosha. Waxaa muhiim ah in la xasuusto in wajiga kacsi of shock waxaa la socon kara by Iscelin of xanuun, taas oo ay adag tahay in la ogaado cudurka. In the case of dhaawacyo la xiriira xanuunka feero oo ka jabay iyo addimada, miskaha hogaamin karaan calaamadaha waxaa sababa dhaawacyada caloosha af beesho, si ay kaalinta labaad.
wajiga moodid of shock depresses dhalaalka xaaladaha daran ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqada ah in bukaanka waa dawakhsan ama suuxsan.
nooca xanuunka, ay xoogga iyo cindiga ee dareenka ku xiran deegaamaynta burburka iyo xubnaha ku lug leh geeddi-socodka ah. Tusaale ahaan, dhaawacyada beerka beesho weheliyay xanuun iyo caqlitagid, radiating gobolka dhudhun midig. Dillaaca beeryarada ku cad radiating xanuun dhudhun bidix. Waayo, dhaawac ganaca lagu gartaa xanuun dhex-xidh, jawaab labada clavicles, dhexda, garabkiisa bidix.
Dillaaca caajisnimo ah, cawaaqibka kuwaas oo culus bukaanka sababta oo ah dhiig la'aan xad-dhaaf ah, oo ay la socdaan saddex meelood meel dhammaan dhaawacyada ee caloosha xiran. Xaaladaha badan ee burburka waa caajisnimo iyo kelyaha ka tagay. Inta badan, dhakhaatiirta u leeyihiin in ay ku shaqeeyaan bukaanka mar haddii uu ma aanan arkin sawirka caafimaad oo mid ka mid ah dhowr ah xubnaha ku dhaawacmeen.
Trauma qayb sare ee mareenka caloosha, Ulasocto dillaac derbiga teedu seef af badan xanuun muuqata ay sabab u tahay wax lays ee ku jira xiidmaha galay saabka xuubka hoose. Nuurkii bukaanka xanuunka laga yaabaa in miyirka. Burburka in mindhicirka yar dagaal badan ee daliilka, maxaa yeelay content ee ma aha a deegaanka xoog acid.
Calaamadaha kale ee lagu daawayn karo
trauma caloosha af muujiyey by matag reflex. Xaaladaha of dillaac ah ee darbiyada xiidmaha yar ama caloosha mantaggiisa ku jira xinjiro dhiig ama aad leedahay midabka kafeega. go'doomin noocan oo kale ah ka saxarada muujinayaan dhaawacyada ee xiidanka. Dhaawacyada malawadka la socda muuqaalka kore ee dhiiga ama dhiig xinjiro cas oo dhalaalaya.
hemorrhage Intraabdominal waxaa ku weheliyay calaamadaha soo socda:
- tabar iyo dawakhsanaan;
- wareer;
- ah ee "duqsigu" indhahaaga hortooda;
- maqaarka iyo xabka xuubka noqdaan oo buluug,
- hoos u cadaadiska dhiigga;
- tabar iyo garaaca wadnaha oo degdeg ah;
- neefsashada gacmeed noqnoqda;
- muuqaalka kore ee dhididka qabow.
Burburka xubnaha godkii keeni horumarinta peritonitis. In kaca sida cudurada saameeyeen shaqeeyo ayaa mas'uul ka ah ee heerkulka jirka (la hemorrhage xoog leh - hypothermia), matag la koontarooli karin, caloosha iyo mindhicirka qabtay motility. nooca xanuunka waxaa si joogto ah la beddelo, talantaalli ah oo leh xanuun badan oo ay ka lumay ku meel gaar ah.
trauma nidaamka Urinary ama cudur waxaa ku weheliyay la'aanta saarka kaadida, hematuria guud, dareen xanuun badan aagga dhexda. Later horumarisa barar meesha maro ah.
Burburka in xubnaha gudaha oo aan trauma
Jug derbiga jilibka caloosha u muuqda isbeddel aragga maxalliga ah:
- barar,
- biyo-raaciska,
- xanuun,
- burbur iyo ka qaadmay,
- hematomas.
Xanuun dhaawac jug waxay la socda, maqalka la isbedel ah ee booska jidhkaaga, hindhiso, qufac, saxaroodo.
trauma caloosha Blunt waxaa la socon kara by ilmada fascia. Bukaanka ayaa ka cabanaya xanuunka a fahmayaan, dareen gaajo daran. Waxaa jira paresis caloosha firfircoon, iyo sida, nooca firfircoon ee xirma ee. Dillaaca murqaha Ulasocto daliilka maxaliga ah ee foomka of hemorrhages punctate ama hematoma weyn, kaas oo la kooban karo ma aha oo kaliya meeshii ay dhaawacyada, laakiin sidoo kale meel ka durugsan.
ogaanshaha kama dambaysta ah "dhaawacan darbiga caloosha oo jilibka" waxaa la dhigay in ay dhacdo xaqiijinta la'aanta heley gudaha.
tallaabooyin lagu ogaanayo
cudurka kala duwan ee xaaladda bukaanka ka bilaabmo anamnesis iyo travmogeneza. qeexid dheeraad ah oo xaalada ku dhaawacmay waxaa ka mid ah hababka soo socda ee imtixaanka:
- Falanqaynta guud ee dhiigga durugsan muujinaysaa dhammaan calaamadaha dhiig la'aan ba'an, hoos u dhac ku unugyada dhiigga cas oo haemoglobin, hiimotokiriit, leukocytosis ay goobjoog ka ahaayeen geedi socodka bararka.
- Urinalysis go'aamiso hematuria guud, iyo marka ganaca hallaabo - joogitaanka amylase kaadida.
- Laga soo bilaabo hababka baaritaanka qalabka sanka kaadi lagu dabaqi karo iyo soo bandhigid baaritaan ka caloosha.
- Baaritaanka Ultrasound.
- raajito loogu xisaabiyaa iyadoo wax la barbardhigo xididka.
- Raajada.
- baadhitaan kale haddii loo baahdo (cystography, rheovasography, ERCP).
cudurada kaladuwan
Baarista ee saabka caloosha iyo xubnaha halkaas ku yaalla waa in ay dhinacyo badan, tan iyo markii uu dhaawac saameen ku xakamayn karaan astaamo burburka, outputting rugta foodda dhaawacyada kale.
| xubnaha | calaamado clinical | baaritaano kala duwan |
| darbiga caloosha oo jilibka | Xanuun iyo kacsanaanta muruq on taataabasho, marka la go'aaminayo mugga waxbarashada waa in si loo hubiyo joogitaanka hematoma ah. | Kala hematoma ka yimaada burooyinkaan wuxuu noqon karaa by imtixaanka: bukaanka been on dhabarka iyo muruqyada dhaawacaysa. Hematoma la dareemi doonaa in waqti ah oo dabacsan. |
| beerka | Xanuun qiyaas jidhka, inta badan lala jab bixiyey feedhihiisii hoose dhinaca la mid ah. Kordhi mugga caloosha, hypovolemia. | CT: farqiga Body la joogitaanka dhiig. KLA qeexayaa anemia, hiimotokiriit hooseeyo. US - hematoma intraperitoneal. cholangiography Retrograde muujinaysaa dhaawac biliary mareenka. DPL - dhiig laga heli karaa. |
| beeryarada | Caabuqa in meelaha dedan, oo ay weheliso feero oo ka jabay. Xanuunku waxaa laga yaabaa in radiate in garabka bidix. | CT: dillaac splenic, dhiigbax burqanaya. KLA - hoos u dhac in hiimotokiriit iyo unugga. DPL ogaadaa dhiigga. On intraperitoneal sawirka ultrasound ama hematoma intracapsular. |
| kelyood | Xanuun syndrome ee dhinaca iyo dhabarka hoose, dhiig kaadida, ka hooseeya feedhaha oo dilaaca. | OAM - hematuria guud. CT miskaha: buux tartiib ah wakiilka duwan ah, hematoma ah dhiig laga yaabaa in ee xubnaha gudaha, oo ku yaalla meel u dhow meesha dhaawaca. |
| beeryarada | Calool xanuun, radiating danbe. Later waxaa jira xiisad iyo astaamaha peritonitis muruqa. | CT: isbedel bararka agagaarka qanjirka. dhaqdhaqaaqa ka soo korodha amylase iyo lipase ee serum dhiigga. |
| caloosha | xanuun mindi-sida in caloosha ay sabab u tahay waxyaabaha acidic jidhka sii daayo galay saabka caloosha | Raajada, free gaaska, hoos diaphragm ku yaal. hordhaca ah ee tube nasogastric ogaadaa joogitaanka dhiig. |
| qaybta u khafiif ah oo mareenka caloosha | caloosha Wooden, Ulasocto waajihi a syndrome daran. | Raajada, joogitaanka gaaska free hoos diaphragm ka. DPL - imtixaanada fiican tilmaamayaasha sida hemoperitoneum, joogitaanka bakteeriyada, bile ama cunto. CT: joogitaanka ee dareeraha ah oo lacag la'aan ah. |
| xiidmaha waaweyn | Xanuun inta lagu guda jiro calool xanuun aad u daran, joogitaanka dhiig inta lagu guda jiro baaritaanka malawadka. In muddo hore aan peritonitis clinical, ka dibna ku shubtay leh xanuun caloosha alwaax. | Roentgen muujinaysaa gaaska free hoos diaphragm ka. CT: gaaska free ama mesentery hematoma, iska saarka galay saabka caloosha. |
| kaadi | Ku xadgudubka kaadida iyo dhiigga kaadida, xanuun caloosha hoose. | CT go'aamiso dareeraha free. korodhka KLA ee heerarka HOL iyo kariyaatiniin. Cystography: barbardhigo socda meelo ka baxsan xadka ee jirka. |
Xarunta Trauma, bixinta daryeel caafimaad oo wareega saacad, ma awoodo in la fuliyo oo dhan oo ka mid ah farsamooyinka lagu ogaanayo, sidaas ka dib markii baaritaan hore ee dhibbanaha loo diraa waaxda qalliinka ee isbitaalka.
Gargaarka degdegga ah ee loogu talagalay dhaawac caloosha
Haddii aad ka shakisan tahay in waxyeello ku xubnaha gudaha waa in ay u hoggaansamaan xeerarka soo socda:
- Bukaanka waxaa la dhigayaa on dusha adag, bixinta gobolka nasasho.
- Si aad meel ka mid ah dhaawacyada si ay u qabow.
- Ha siin biyo dhibbanaha iyo cuntada.
- Ha qaadan daawooyinka ka hor inta ay ka imanayaan gargaar degdeg ah, gaar ahaan analgesics.
- Haddii ay suurtagal tahay, fidinayaan gaadiid xarunta.
- Haddii ay jirto waa matag, jeedin madaxa bukaan-socodka iyo ilaa dhankeeda, sidaas darteed taasi ma dhicin ee rajo gelin.
mabaadi'da daryeelka caafimaadka
trauma caloosha Blunt u baahan khabiiro degdeg ah qabashada, sida natiijo wanaagsan ayaa suuragal ah keliya la ogaanshaha waqtiga iyo daawaynta hore. Ka dib markii xasilinta xaaladda ay dhibaatadu saameysey iyo antishock cabiraya bukaanka, qalliin. dhaawacyo Xidhan waxay u baahan yihiin la raacayo shuruudaha soo socda inta lagu jiro hawlgallada:
- suuxinta guud la Nasashada murqaha ku filan;
- laparotomy-midline dhexdhexaad ah, kaas oo u ogolaanaya inay helaan dhammaan meelaha caloosha;
- farsamada fudud a, laakiin natiijo lagu kalsoonaan karo, waayo dhacdo;
- faragelinta ee mudada gaaban;
- izlivshuyusya u beddelmi doonaa dhiig uninfected caloosha saabka codsato reinfusion.
Haddii uu beerka hallaabo, baahida loo qabo in loo joojiyo dhiig-bax, excision unugyada nonviable, suturing. Dillaaca caajisnimo ah, cawaaqibka taas oo keeni karta in ay u qaadidda jidhka, waxay u baahan tahay dib u eegis dhamaystiran. In the case of dhaawacyada yar yar waxay muujinaysaa suturing hemostasis. Iyada oo xubnaha xoog dhaawac codsatay splenectomy.
Jebiyo mareenka Ulasocto ka kaxayntu ay of unugyada devitalized, joojiyo dhiigbaxa, dib u eegis ah oo dhan oo siddooyinkuna qabtay resection mindhicirka haddii loo baahdo.
dhaawac kelyaha ee u baahan xubin-waxqabadyada, laakiin dhagaxshiidkana dhexdaada xoog ama kala weelashii quudinta jirka qaadeen nephrectomy.
gunaanad
trauma Saadaasha ee caloosha ku xiran tahay xawaaraha ee gargaarka, hab ay dhaawac, ee cudurka kala duwan sax ah, shaqaalaha caafimaadka xirfadeed ee hay'adaha caafimaadka, si ay u caawiyaan dhibbanayaasha.
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