Bryology - waa sayniska ee maxay? Asalkeeda muddada iyo formation of cilmiga

Bryology - sayniska ee Muuse (bryophytes). Tarjumay Giriigga ah ee "Brion" ah - "ajada", "logos" - "waxbaridda", sidaas turjumaad suugaan - "cilmiga ajada." Bryology - laan da'da yar ee sayniska, taas oo ah mid ka mid ah cilmi barasho dhir. Seynisyahanno lug ku leh daraasaddan ee Muuse, loo yaqaan bryology.

bryology mowduuca

Kasta oo cilmiga sayniska presupposes daraasad mawduuca. Tan iyo bryology - sayniska ee bryophytes, mawduuca iyada waxbarasho waa noocyada ugu horeysay ka tirsan qoyska this dhirta, iyo sidoo kale xubin jidh, morphological, lagmamaarmaanna, hidaha, deegaanka, juquraafi, nafsaaniga ah, astaamaha, bryology, iyo waxyaabo kale, baari suurtagalnimada isticmaalka Muuse ee caafimaad ujeedooyin qoyska,.

dirka Muuse

Sida laga soo xigtay database ah, ururisey sida ee 2010, ee dabiiciga ah waxaa jira in ka badan 15,000 oo noocyada, ka badan 1 kun qarni iyo ka badan 150 qoys oo ka mid ah Muuse. Dhowr sano ka hor, in qaybta cilmi barasho dhir loo yaqaan "bryology" (sayniska sida - tilmaamay in this article) dhirta oo dhan waa bryophytes, saynisyahano loo tixgeliyaa sida hal waaxda darajo taxon Muuse a.

Science ma weli ma taagnaan, sidaas darteed waxaa jira saddex kooxood oo Muuse loo aqoonsaday in maanta qaybaha soo socda:
1. hornwort.
2. ajaa.
3. Beerka.

Formation of science

Waayo, markii ugu horeysay ee daraasadda of Muuse samayn in bartamihii qarnigii 19aad. Bryology laftiisa (sayniska ee bryophytes) waxaa loo arkaa anshax yar oo ka soo baxday waqti marka ay suurto gal u noqday si ay u isticmaalaan farsamada ay daraasadda of dhismeedka cqaadir ee dhirta dhexdhexaad ka bilowda in size 3 ilaa 50 mm. muuqaalka guud ee qaabka iyo nidaamka of dhismaha ajada ku hawlan I. Hedwig (Switzerland), C. iyo B. Bridel Shimper (Germany), D. Hooker (UK), W. gelis (USA). Markii waagu beryo ee cilmiga Finnish qarnigii 20-ka V. F. Broterus ahaa soocidda ee bryophytes (iyo bryology - saynis ah oo ka mid ah), kaas oo wakhti dheer ah waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay ugu weyn, balse mar dambe ayaa wax yar dib u habaynta ay sabab u tahay suuragalnimada in ay ka mid yihiin waxbarashada kelli.

In Russia, waxaa bilaabay waxbarasho ee Muuse dhexe ee qarnigii 19aad: Society ee dhuleed, oo ay ka mid geographer ku E. K. Gofman iyo bayoolajiga F. I. Rupreht iyo M. E. Tsikkendrat, oo waxaa loo diray si ay u waqooyiga Urals ah, duulaan uu ahaa awoodaan in ay bartaan qaar ka mid ah bryophytes iyo xataa herbarium Collect, tirintii boqol iyo toban noocyada. qarnigii A ka dib, a botanist Ruush A. G. Shrenk in muddada u dhaxaysa 1948 si ay u 1955, duulaan kowaad wuxuu ahaa ee waqooyiga Russia, halkaas oo uu si firfircoon u bartay bryophytes (bryology - sayniska ee bryophytes). saynisyahan The suurtagashay in ay ogaadaan 25 nooc oo dhirta, inta badan nooc caleenta.

Horumarinta oo fikirka cilmiyeed ee xilligan

Currently, inventory ee bryophytes ma uusan dhammayn. Sida ay sheegayaan wararka qaar ka mid ah, waxaa jiray lagu qiyaasay 22 ilaa 27 kun oo noocyada ah bryophytes. Weli liidata bartay by saynisyahano waa latitudes bryology-kulaylaha iyo Hemisphere ka Koonfureed.

herbarium ugu weyn ee bryophytes ee Russia aasaasay xarumaha sayniska ee Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kirovsk (gobolka Murmansk), Vladivostok, Irkutsk.