Dalka taasoo keentay in soo saarka saliidda ee dunida, Saudi Arabia, Russia, Maraykanka

Oil - isha tamarta ugu muhiimsan ee caalamka maanta. Waxaa soo beegay, waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaannaa dahab madow. Waa kuwee dalka madaxda saliidda ee dunida maanta? Tani waxay aad ka this article baran doonaan.

kaydka saliidda Global

Si aad ka jawaabto su'aasha ah: "Waa maxay dalalka soo saarta Saliida ayaa hogaaminaysa ee dunida maanta", waa in si cad loo kala saaro fikirka ah "saliid" iyo "wax soo saarka saliidda".

Under ee kaydka saliidda caalamiga ah, saynisyahano u qaadan in qadarka khayraadka in la bixiyay karaa dhulka gudaha ee horumarka teknoolajiyada casriga ah. Waxaa jira dhawr kala saaro of kaydka: waxay la sahmin karo, qiimayn, ididiilo prospectively qiimeeyo, iyo wixii la mid ah ..

cutub ee kaydka saliidda caalamiga ah, waxaa jira dhowr. Tusaale ahaan, in Russia iyo UK ay u qiimeeyaan tons khayraadka loo isticmaalo Kanada iyo Norway ah - halkii mitir cubic, in dalal kale oo badan - oo foosto.

Total kaydka ah "dahabka madow" dunida maanta waxaa lagu qiyaasaa tirada 240 bilyan oo tan. About 70% kaydka dunida joogaan wadamada OPEC - urur goboleedyada, la isu keeno tiro ka mid ah dalalka saliidda soo saara.

Top shan dal oo hogaaminaya eego kaydka saliidda (sida of 2014) waa sida soo socota: Venezuela, Saudi Arabia, Kanada, Iran iyo Ciraaq.

Dalalka taasoo keentay in soo saarka saliidda: top toban

Sida laga soo xigtay mid ka mid ah version of saynisyahano, markii ugu horeysay ilaha tamarta this ayaa laga saaray dhulka sida ugu horreysa ee qarnigii siddeedaad. Oo waxaa dhacday Peninsula Absheron ah. Waa kuwee dal ayaa maanta keentay soo saarta Saliida ee dunida?

cilmi-yaqaan oo ka mid ah dhaqdhaqaaqa ee wax soo saarka saliidda dunida VN Shchelkachev iftiimiyay 1979. Ka hor inta in wax soo saarka guul taariikh khayraadkan waxaa labanlaab tobankii sano ee kasta. Laakiin ka dib markii 1979 heerka koritaanka wax soo saarka saliidda Planetary hoos u dhac la taaban karo.

Sidaas darteed, madaxda dalka ee wax soo saarka saliidda taariikhda (Numberada qaansada boqolkiiba wax soo saarka saliidda caalamiga ah):

• Saudi Arabia (12.9%);
• Russia (12.7);
• USA (12.3);
• Shiinaha (5.0);
• Kanada (5.0);
• Iran (4.0);
• UAE (4.0);
• Ciraaq (3.8);
• Kuwait (3,6);
• Venezuela (3,3).

Guud ahaan, ku dhawaad 67% ka mid ah saliidda soo saaray sannadkii dalalkaas.

Waxaa jira warar sheegaya in soo saare saliid ee ugu weyn dalka ee ku jira liiska this laga yaabaa in ugu dhakhsaha badan loo bedesheen. In May 2015 Federation Ruush ah ayaa ka baranay oo uurkii dhulka 500 million oo foosto badan Saudi Arabia.

Ganacsiga saliidda ee Saudi Arabia

Waddamo badan, soo saare ugu horeeysa saliidda ee dunida maanta waxaa ku yaalla Bariga Dhexe. Mid ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah waa Saudi Arabia. Waayo, markii ugu horeysay ee saliidda ahaa halkan helay 1930. Dhacdadaas ka dib, gobolka this Carabta tayo bedelay.

Maanta, dhaqaalaha oo dhan Saudi Arabia waxaa diiradda saaray dhoofinta khayraadka tamarta. All kayd ah "dahabka madow" ee dalka waxa ay gacanta ku Saudi Aramco. sahayda The oo saliid ah suuqa dunida keenay Saudi Arabia si ay u 90% ee wadarta dakhliyada! wax soo saarka sare noocan oo kale ah oo saliid lagu dar dar geliyay horumarinta, iyo warshado kale oo badan oo dalka ka.

The macaamiisha ugu muhiimsan ee saliidda Carabta - Mareykanka, iyo sidoo kale dalalka Bariga Asia. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in Saudi Arabia waa hogaamiyaha ugu wayn ee wax soo saarka oo saliid ah ee dunida, heerka nolosha dadka ee dalka ayaa weli ma sare oo ku filan.

Features wershedaha shidaalka ee Russia

Russia - dalka ugu qanisan adduunka ee kaydka macdanta kala duwan. saliid Ka sokow, waxaa la soo saaray ee baaxadda gaaska dabiiciga ah oo waaweyn, dhuxusha iyo biraha non-ferrous.

In Russia, ee "dahabka madow" waa ma aha oo kaliya miino, laakiin sidoo kale si firfircoon uga baaraandego, soo saara kala duwan ee wax soo saarka shidaalka, gaas, saliid shidaal, shidaalka naaftada, iwm Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tayada alaabooyinka kuwaas oo weli waa aan sare oo ku filan, taasoo dhibaato weyn ay guul suuqa dunida dhoofinta .. .

Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, xaaladda in industry ee saliidda Ruush ayaa waxoogaa way soo hagaagtay. Gaar ahaan, kor u kacay maal-dhaqaale (maalgelinta) waaxdan. Tartiib la kordhiyo si qoto dheer ee turxaan saliidda - ayaa maanta tiradaasi in Russia ay ku saabsan tahay 71%.

wax soo saarka saliida iyo turxaan dalka Maraykanka

United States of America ka mid ah soo saarayaasha saddex dunida ugu weyn ee wax soo saarka saliida iyo shidaalka cayriin tahay. Dawladdu waxay ma aha oo kaliya dhoofisa ee "dahabka madow", laakiin sidoo kale si firfircoon uga iibsataa ka yimid wadamada kale. Dhab ahaantii la yaab leh: baabbi'iyey sanad walba 4 jeer ka badan saliid buu ka sii waa miino oo dalka Mareykanka ah.

1761 - taasi waa tirada rigs qodista ka hawlgala Maraykanka maanta. 56 iyaga ka mid ah soo kabsaday saliidda cayriin ka badda shelf.

The batroolka American, ugu horreeya oo dhan, saddex gobolka waa in la muujiyaa, waayo, waa Alaska, California iyo Texas. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa jira waxa loogu yeero Petroleum Reserve ee Istiraatiijiga ah ee Mareykanka - reserve istiraatiiji ah oo saliid ceyriin, taas oo noqon waa ku filan tahay dalka 90 maalmood (haddii ay dhacdo of xaaladaha degdegga ah). reserve Tan waxaa loo kala firdhiyey in gobolada kala duwan ee USA iyo waxaa lagu kaydiyaa domes cusbo dhulka hoostiisa.

Gebogebadii ...

Sidaas daraaddeed, soo saare saliid taasoo keentay dalka ee dunida oo dhan - waa Saudi Arabia, Russia iyo Mareykanka. dalalka Kuwan waxaa laga soo dhulka ah oo ku saabsan 37% ka mid ah wax soo saarka caalamiga ah ee khayraadka.