Dissociation Electric, oo aasaaska akhriska ee electrochemistry

dissociation Electric kaalin weyn nolosheena, in kastoo aannu caadi ahaan uma maleynayo oo ku saabsan. In this ifafaale la xiriira cusbada conductivity, acids iyo saldhigyadii in dhexdhexaad ah ee dareeraha ah. Tan iyo garaaca horeysay wadnaha sababa a "live" korontada ee jidhka bini'aadamka, iyo siddeetan boqolkiiba taas oo ka kooban dareeraha, in baabuurta, telefoonada gacanta iyo ciyaartoyda, bateriyada in ka muuqo yihiin baytariyada electrochemical, - meel kasta nagu wareegsan dissociation korontada muuqan joogo.

The Rafaa naso buuxdhaafeen uumi u aabayeelin shubay at heerkulka sare, hab electrolysis bauxite bixisaa a bir "baalal leh" - aluminium. Dhamaan waxyaabaha nagu wareegsan, ka hiitarka chrome-plated kor u daboolaa dhegahaagana hilqado baan abid wajahay xal ama cusbada la shubay, iyo halkan ugub ah. Ma aha in dissociation korontada aan micne lahayn bartay laan oo dhan sayniska - electrochemistry.

Marka la isfuro ka dareeraha dareere-u taagoo soo galay bond kiimikada la taagoo of solute ah, la xirrira solvates. Xalka aqueous waa kan ugu nugul dissociation cusbo, acids iyo saldhigyadii. Sida ka dhashay geedi socodka this Britain solute ee beri karaa udhigo. Tusaale ahaan, dareeraha ah aqueous sarkhaansan udhigo of Na ⁺ iyo CI ^-, kuwaas oo ah Madbacada qaranka baxa crystal NaCI ee dhexdhexaad ah dareeraha durba cusub sida solvated (biyo cabaan) Qurub.

Tani waxay ifafaale ka dhigan tahay in nuxurka geedi socodka ka mid ah burburkii dhammaystiran ama qayb ka mid ah walaxda kala diri galay udhigo oo sabab u ah gaadhista dareeraha ah, iyo waxa loo yaqaan "dissociation korontada." Tani waxa aad u muhiim u ah electrochemistry. Of muhiimadda ugu weyn waa xaqiiqda ah in dissociation oo ka mid ah hababka multicomponent adag waxa lagu gartaa dhacdo ee tallaabo. Marka ay tani ifafaale waxaa sidoo kale lagu arkay kor u kac wayn ee tirada udhigo in xal, kaas oo ah distinguished walax electrolytic electroless ka.

Inta lagu guda jiro electrolysis udhigo leeyihiin jiho cad ee mooshinka: qayb ka ah ay la socoto lacag fiican (siifilisku) - si ay koronto u xun ku amray, loo yaqaan cathode iyo udhigo positive (anions) - in koronto anode la'aan soo horjeeda, halkaasoo la saaro ka. Siifilisku la yareeyo oo oxidized anions. Sidaa darteed, dissociation yahay karo.

Mid ka mid ah sifooyinka aasaasiga ah ee habkan electrochemical waa heerka uu dissociation electrolytic, kaas oo lagu qeexay by ratio of Qurub biyuhu in tirada guud ee u taagoo walax kala diri. score sare ah, ayaa in ka badan this waa walax elektrolytka xoog leh. Iyadoo ku saleysan, walxaha dhan kala qaybsan yihiin daciif ah, xoog dhexdhexaad iyo electrolytes xoog leh.

Degree of dissociation ku xiran tahay arrimaha soo socda: a) nooca solute ah; b) nooca dareeraha ah, ay si joogto ah dielectric iyo polarity; c) fiirsashada of xalka (ee dhibcaha hoose, ugu weyn heerka uu dissociation); g) Heerkulka of dhexdhexaad kala diridda. Tusaale ahaan, dissociation ee acetic acid lagu sheegi karaa by formula soo socda:

CH ₃ COOH ⁺ H + CH ₃ qaboobaan ^-

electrolytes Strong yihiin socodyo shiidaa irreversibly maxaa yeelay, xal aqueous ma sii unhydrated bilaabo taagoo iyo udhigo. Waa in sidoo kale lagu daray in habka dissociation saamayn walxaha dhan isagoo nooca ah Madbacada qaranka iyo covalent horjeeda silsilado kiimikada. Fikradda ah dissociation electrolytic diyaariyey caanka farmashiyaha iyo jirka dadka Swedish Svante Arrhenius ee 1887.