Ilaalinta shucaaca

In light of musiibooyinka ugu dambeeyey ee Chernobyl Yukreeniyaan iyo Japanese Fukushima-1 iyo Fukushima-2, ilaalinta shucaaca noqday shiidaa kale dhibaato caalami ah oo Dadka. 50 sano ka hor shucaaca ahaa qaar ka mid ah hantida aan la taaban karin ee xubno ka kiimikada gaar ah, hadda ee bololka nuclear lama filaan ah xitaa ogeyn ardayga, waayo, xaalkan in, iyo wax ku saabsan khatarta shucaaca.

The ugu khatarta badan ee Alfa, beta iyo rays gamma keeni karaa dhaawac halis ah oo dhan dhismayaasha ee jirka (jirrada radiation), kansar, hiddo iyo geeri (jirrada shucaaca ba'an).

Iyada oo ku xidhan nooca shucaaca, iyo kala duwanaan wakiilka ilaalinta shucaaca, sida walxaha kasta waxa lagu gartaa ay awood cabaar. Sayidka, Alfa-Qurub isagoo saamayn waxyeello ugu badan, si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma dhex gelin, xataa iyada oo sheet caadi ah warqad. Caqabad inay rays beta uu noqon karo galaas. Laakiin shucaaca gamma leeyahay awood sare cabaar. Protected ka iyadoo la isticmaalayo hogaanka ama bir saxan.

ilaalinta shucaaca ku lug leedahay ma aha oo kaliya ooday jirka u dhexeeya qofka iyo ilaha shucaaca jidhka. Qurub shucaaca si fudud u dhex gasho galay jirka iyaga oo maraya marinka neefsashada, marinka dheef shiidka.

Siyaabaha la isu difaaco shucaaca, ku xiran tahay habka u qaybsan yahay dhawr nooc:

• Time. Iyadoo ku xiran waqtiga dhibtu tan iyo markii qaraxa shil nuclear, dose shucaaca kala duwan yihiin, waayo 2.5-3 sano waxaa laga dhimayaa 100 jeer.
• Xeerka isla khuseeyaa meel fog ka soo il shucaaca ama hypocenter. Iyada oo meel fog sii kordhaya ka xuddunta u ah 2 jeer heerka shucaaca waa la dhimay ilaa 4 jeer.
• caqabadaha farsamo ee kor ku xusan, sida ilaalinta shucaaca wanaagsan. Laakiin ma aha inta badan ee suurtogalka ah, si loo garto waa shucaaca inaan samayno, oo sidaas daraaddeed si fiican loo isticmaalo caqabadaha caalamiga ah (taas oo, si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma difaaco rays gamma, laakiin iyaga oo daciifay oo kaliya): leben ama la taaban karo derbiyada ugu yaraan 40 cm qaro weyn, steel ama ku wareerid hogaanka of 8-13 cm, 90 cm ee ciidda. screen ugu wanaagsan on shucaaca gamma waa biyo.
• Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa jira ilaalinta shakhsi ka shucaaca. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid maaskaro Carro iyo gacno gashi rabar ah (ka shucaaca Alfa), maaskaro (radiation beta), bacaha balaastikada ah oo ku saabsan dhammaan meelaha qaawan ee jidhka (radiation neutron) ah.
• Marka la eego in shucaac uu awood u leeyahay in ay dhex gasho iyada oo marinka dheef shiidka, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah si ay u ilaaliyaan waxa, iyo biyo iyo cunto ka dhanka ah. Si aad u biyo this weelasha waa in la shaabadeeyey, oo la mid ah waxay khuseysaa wax soo saarka cuntada, waa in ay la buuxiyey oo ku yaal polyetylen xidhay oo si taxadar leh lagu maydhay biyo daahir inta aan la isticmaalin si ay u qaada ciidda shucaaca.
• Waxaa sidoo kale jira hab kiimikada ee ilaalinta. In kasta oo aaminsan guud, tani ma aha iodine! Haddii qaaday in tiro badan, oo aad naftaada yeeli doonaan oo kaliya, laakiin kaxeynayo vitamin la iodine la aqbali karo. Sidoo kale chelators waxtar leh, ugu fudud ee taas - carbon firfircoonaan. Sida laga soo xigtay qaar kamid ah qabiirada, waxa ay leedahay guryaha radioprotective Tincture of Eleutherococcus. mercaptoalkylamines daroogada ku saleysan yihiin daroogada si gaar ah loogu talagalay in lagu difaaco shucaaca.
• Waayo, sun ah meelaha of walxaha kala duwan iyo adeegsiga qumman biyo nadiif ah iyo saabuun xal.

Inta lagu guda jiro marxalad ee tamarta nukliyeerka aadanaha ayaa helay dukaan cajiib ah oo ku saabsan hab ay of tallaabo of noocyo kala duwan oo shucaac, sida loo difaaco iyaga ka gees ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, 100% ka badbaado shucaaca aan ay bixiyaan kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah, iyadoo ay jirto in khatarta ah ee qarax nuclear caalamka waa mid aad u dhabta ah ee xaaladaha xasilooneyn hadda hawlgalka dhirta iyo hub ka dhigista dalal diidan 'kooxda nuclear'.