Jack oo ka mid ah ciidamada badda ee Russia, in uu yahay, photos, taariikhda

History of calamada in badan oo soo jiidasho leh si ay u bartaan. Sidaas waxaa laga yaabaa inaad ka fekerayay waxa Jack, maxay kala yihiin noocyada iyo qiimaha oo ka mid ah maraakiibta oo ka mid ah ciidamada badda ee dalka iyo si indho la'aan ah dunida iyo taariikhda qaranka ee heerka badda ku tuuraya.

Waa maxay Jack

Erayga "Jack" waxaa laga Netherlands. Geus - "Qaraarka", kaas oo la odhan jiray ELL sanka maraakiibta calanka ka qayb kacaanka anti-Isbaanish ee Nederland. Muddo waxaa uu noqday magaca qoyska. Jack Maanta oo ka mid ah ciidamada badda ee Russia iyo dalalka kale ee la odhan jiray qaanso badda calanka markabka, kaas oo si wadajir ah ula heerka badda, ganacsiga ama rayidka ah ee wada hadalada ku saabsan gobolka accessories markabka.

The Jack horyaalka labaad - .. calanka Bushpritny, sidaas si la bilowga ah ee ay taariikhda waxaa la kiciyey on bowsprit ama calamada gaarka ah iyo wacaya - jackstaff. Maanta, Jack ayaa loo arki karaa on taangiga markabka. Maraakiibta dagaalka Sidoo kale hadda waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa, si kastaba ha ahaatee, qaar ka mid ah dalalka ay u ogolaadaan Jack iyo maxkamadaha rayidka ah ay.

Jack kale isku micne, taariikh, si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma laga helo dalalka oo dhan -. calanka qalcaddayda Tani, in uu kordhiyo on qalcadaha xeebaha iyo goobaha kale ee muhiimka ah xeebta .. Jack waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan calanka iyo la dhigto, maxaa yeelay waxa ay go'aamiso by waaweyn iyo maraakiibta ku xidheen badan maraakiibta ku dhaqaaqo.

World Jack taariikhda

Inta lagu guda jiro Jack qarniyadii dhexe hadlay oo ku saabsan Basafiik ah markab gaar ah. The calanka Jack sanka marka hore waxaa loo arkaa Prince of Orange, kaas oo lagu sheegay in 1572 in ku tilmaamay magaalada gezami qabashadooda Den Briel, ugu horeysay ka Spain xoreeyay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dabeecadaha Jack ma badbaadaan - waxaa jira warar sheegayay in uu view of guriga Orange guuriyeen calanka - orange, caddaan iyo buluug guutooyin siman loo siman yahay.

Mid ka mid ah ugu caansan ahaa ururka calanka Jack bushpritny ee England iyo Scotland, una qurxinay ayna maxkamadda ee 1634-1707, siday u kala horreeyaan. calanka Scottish on calaamadda ee St. Andrew (white rogay warqad "X" ku saabsan asalka ah buluug) waxaa lagu soo rogay Calaamooyinka calanka St George Ingiriisi (cross cas ku saabsan asalka saafi ah oo cad). Jack in wax noqday noocooda ah ee mustaqbalka calanka UK. Oo wuxuu lahaa inuu u duulo oo keliya maraakiibta ciidamada, samaynta ares iyo naaneeso "Yunion Dzhek" ( "Jack union"); doonniyaha baayacmushtariga xaq u leedahay inaad hantidaan kaliya calanka of St. Andrew iyo St. George ee, ku xiran tahay xubin ka mid ah gobolka oo xubin ka ah ururka a.

Haddaba si tartiib tartiib ah ugu guuraan si ay taariikhda Jack ah ciidamada badda ee Ruushka, ugu horreeya oo dhan qof aqoon u leh asal ahaan ay.

asalka ah ee Jack Ruushka

In Empire Ruush ee Jack waxaa u muuqday in 1658 - ka dib markii booqasho by Peter boqortooyada England inta lagu jiro safaarada Weyn. calanka waxay ahayd in la calaamad u ah awood iyo weynaanta of raxan Ruush dhallinyarada ahaa, maxaa yeelay waxa ay noocee ah ayaa loo doortay in eg Midowga badda Jack ugu awooda badan - Britain iyo Scotland, taas oo aan kor ku faahfaahsan.

Ruush ayaa sidoo kale Jack, ka duwan calaamad Midowga, iskutallaabta Andreya Pervozvannogo heysatay iskutallaabta St. George, oo ma qeybsanaan. Tan waa la sameeyey, maxaa yeelay, waxay ahayd wax laga Saint Andrew ayaa, sida laga soo xigtay Peter, iyo Russia helay baabtiiska. Sidoo kale, iskutallaabta lahaa macnaha calaamad - waqtiga State Jack ay horey u lahaayeen in ay helaan afar badaha. Maxaa yeelay, sidoo kale ansixiyey Order ugu horeysay ee Russian Andreya Pervozvannogo qaab iskutallaabta dadab afargeesle isku.

Isticmaal calanka qaansada, kaas oo noqday noocooda ah ee Jack casriga ah ciidamada badda ee Russia bilaabay 1701. Uu image waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa sida calanka qalcado Serf ah iyo tas-hiilaadka kale ee badda.

Jack ee Empire Ruushka

In 1712, Petr Veliky ayaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa oo ansixiyay Jack sida ku-Kaiser calanka (Kaisers-calanka) - calanka, taasoo kor on Markabka ay dhacdo of add ku-Admiral guud, ugaasyadii grand, iyo dadka kale oo muhiim ah. "Charter Badda" ee 1720 ugu dambeyntii xaqiijiyay inuu safto. calanka Kaiser noocan oo kale ah ayaa sidoo kale loo isticmaali karo sida doon.

Jack ee Navy Ruushka, sida ay "charter Badda" isla la sara kicin kara ma aha oo kaliya on military, laakiin sidoo kale in kaabayaal ah ( "Lastovo") Maxkamadaha, iyo in galleys ah (kiiskan, iskutallaabta waxaa kaabaya "tidcin"). Hadda way adag tahay in la ogaado in this si ay u isticmaalaan wakhtiga Peter doonniyaha baayacmushtariga calanka qaanso.

Haddii aan isbeddel kasta oo ansixiyey Peter Jack ka socday ilaa 1913. Markaas, on amarka Emperor Nicholas II, barbaro on heerka waxaa kaabaya gorgor laba-madax madow, waxa uu ku yaalaa bartamaha maro. Noocan ah Jack ayaa in ciidamo hor February 1917 kacaanka.

Jack Midowga Soofiyeeti

Xukuumadda Soviet isticmaalo calanka Jack iyo qalcaddayda ee Empire ah ilaa 1924, taas oo ahayd wax yar la yaab leh ka dhanka ah asalka ah oo ah isbedel guud ee characters taariikhiga ah iyo koobab. Markaas heerka uu maray dhowr isbedel:

• In 1924, Peter ee Jack sawir ayaa lagu daray goobo cad dhexda ku leh, ee xarunta of taas oo iftiimisay xiddiga cas waxay dubbihii ku cad iyo sickle in ay muhiimka ah.
• In 1932, hannaanka Jack Midowga Soofiyeeti ayaa waxaa si wayn loo beddeli karin. Banner ayaa u yimid si ay u matalaan calanka cas, bartamaha oo lagu ladhay a star oo shan geesood oo waaweyn. In iyada calaamad bartamihii-cas size yar loo dhigay, gudaha, kuwaasi oo ay u gudbeen dubbe cad iyo sickle.
• In 1964 raacay by yar isbedel ku muuqaalka kore ee Jack ah - waxa uu ku wareejiyay xiddig weyn oo cad oo la jira oo dhan, iyo sidoo kale ay size ayaa la bedelay.

doorasho dambe jirey ilaa 1992 - in qaybta xigta aynu hore u hadli doona oo ku saabsan calanka-Jack oo ka mid ah ciidamada badda ee Russia.

Jack of Ruushka

jaleecada A deg deg ah ee qaybta ugu casriga ah ee taariikhda sanka maraakiibta calanka Ruush:

• In 1992, ee Digreetaddii Madaxwaynaha ee Ruushka № 798 bandhigay nooc cusub oo ah Jack badda - calanka gaduudan la St. Andrew iyo St George Cross, taas oo mar asal Peter Emperor ee weyn. Farqiga u ahaa mid ka mid - guutooyinkii cross Andreya Pervozvannogo ma ahaayeen asal ahaan buluug ah, laakiin buluug.
• In 2000, Jack Navy Ruush kala duwanaansho midab taariikhi iskutallaabta ugu weyn wuxuu ku noqday - buluug.

Border oo ka mid ah maraakiibta Federation Ruush isticmaalaan wax yar ka dib u habaynta Jack - caddaan qarka u ballaaran saddex jeer.

Jack oo ka mid ah ciidamada badda ee Ruushka ee aad wakhtigan la joogo

Jack Maanta oo ka mid ah ciidamada badda ee Ruushka waa xubin ka ah oo kaliya maxkamadaha ciidanku 1 iyo 2 darajo. Uu kordhin on sanka (taangiga) Maraakiibta iyo quusta oo keliya halka la dhigay.

Laakiin guud ee Jack Navy Ruush - waa maxay? Sidee buu u eg yahay? Modern sanka Ruush iyo calanka dalka - waa guddi Hadeydaan soo jeeda cad cross toosan khafiif ah in ka badan taas oo muujinaysa kuwo buluug dadab (rogay) gudbaan soohdinta cad. width / dhererka socda xiriirka:

• 1 / 1.5 - Gyuis width oo dhan sida ugu dherer;
• 1/10 - width diillinta buluug ah si ay dhererka iskutallaabta weyn calanka oo dhan,
• 1/20 - width of asalka diillinta cad in ay ka gudbaan width oo dhan maro,
• 1/40 - width oo ah soohdinta cad iskutallaabta ugu weyn width oo dhan Jack ah.

Photos Jack Ruush Navy in version casriga ah, waxaad ka arki kartaa hoos.

Currently ee Russia Jack iyo qalcaddayda calanka waa isku mid. In kastoo ay labada ansixiyey fal caadi, qaado fikradaha kuwaas badadanaa ma waa u qalantaa - wakhtiyada kala duwan ee ay ku kala duwan yihiin marka la eego nuxurka iyo calammo - muuqaalka.

isticmaalka

Sida laga soo xigtay Art. 628 Ruush Jack qaynuun shipborne waxaa loo isticmaali karaa oo keliya on maraakiibta ilaalada military oo soohdintu 1 iyo 2 oo Israacraacsan. Sujuuda calanka kiciyey on weelashii taagan jackstaff on foosto, biinanka, kuna joogsan ah.

Maanta, Jack waa la kiciyey iyo hoos by badmaax at qaadista waqti isku mid ah / cayimay State ugu weyn ee calanka Badda - at 8 subaxnimo iyo dib marka ay qoraxdu. Waana loo oggol yahay in kor loo qaado ay daqal sidoo kale salaamaya degsiimooyinka xeebta ee salaamaya xawaaladaha.

Jack taasoo la micno ah ee Navy Ruushka

Peter sabab ugu sarreeya, beddelidda Jack ee English-Scottish, loo aqoonsaday in meesha ugu horeysa iskutallaabta Andreya Pervozvannogo. Sida laga soo xigtay xeerkii kitaabiga ah, oo rasuul u ahaa kalluumaysato ah sababta uu waxa loo arkaa oo dhan BURCAD weli Sokeeye. Waxaa sidoo kale la rumeysan yahay in uu ku wacdiyey gayiga mustaqbalka ee Russia, iyo xataa halkan ka tagay laba ka mid ah cross pectoral - in Kiev iyo Volkhov. image ayaa iyaga oo ku dul waxaa soo guuriyeen sida element ugu weyn ee Jack Ruush.

Sida ee Jack qiimaha midabka ah ee badda ee Ruushka, waxaa ay la mid tahay calaamad midabka calanka gobolka ugu weyn ee dalka:

• White - aan eed lahayn, adigoo daahir ah, nabad iyo kaamilnimada,
• Red - midabka ah ee dhiig ah daafacyada hooyo, tamarta, sababta, ciidanka;
• buluug - aaminnimo, samrana, iimaanka.

Collar-Jack

Standarte sokow, Jack Ruush Navy - collar ah, waa jawharad ah suud badmaaxa ah. Taariikhda ay dhacdo waa si caddaalad ah wax ku ool ah. In charter hore loo aaneeyey inay u badmaax xiran xirto budada ah iyo tidcin namaslennye horsehair. Noocan ah ku xirtaan khamiiska deerada cas, taas oo keentay Caddibaad daran badmaaxa ah. baxriyiintii soo jeedin bilaabeen inay tolo uu ku joog hoos tima pigtail ah, sacadda meged ahna in loo ilaaliyo dhar ka sii wasakh ah. Waqti ka, balastar this waxaa loo beddelaa nooc casriga ah ee Jack.

Sida laga soo xigtay version kale, "awoowe" ahaa Dhuunta ah qoorta Badmaaxe, yihi in badmaax xirtay oo madaxiisay saareen, laga ilaaliyo cimilada. Xooji Jack dharka hoostiisa, waxaad sidoo kale difaaci karaa dabaysha qabow, roob iyo badda buufiyo.

Maanta collar badmaaxa laga sameeyey x qaro / miiraan mar suuf ah midab buluug madow, waxaa la siinayo saddex doonistiisu ahayd cad madaxtooyada dhinacyada. Diyaarineysa Jack iyo midabo buluug. collar Tani waa saari karo - waxaa la siiyaa eyelets for fiirinaya in badhamada kala ah "kicinta" iyo jaakada shaqada.

Maxaa karbaashkuna ku Jack-collar

Qaababka Jack Ruush Navy koobbantahay collar this saddex strips dhar cad. Joogitaankooda lagu sharaxay by laba qeybood oo aan rasmi ahayn:

• Number garaacid u dhiganta mid ka mid ah guulaha ugu muhiimsan ee Navy Ruush ah - Gangut ee (1714), ee Cesme (1770) iyo Sinop (1853) Waxaa xusid mudan in collar ee badmaax shisheeye, sidoo kale, saddex strips, tirada taas oo lagu sharaxay in this jidka.
• Number garaacid calaamad u dhow mid ka mid ah ama mid kale oo ah koox dad ah si ay u Peter weyn. Tan iyo markii ay ahaayeen oo dhan saddex, ka dibna tirada ulood oo ahaa ku haboon. The ka weyn guutooyin ah, ayaa in ka badan farxay ee Emperor of Russia si ay u bad-maax oo ka mid ah koox dad ah ay.

Sidaas darteed, Jack in Russia iyo dalalka kale in ay leeyihiin muhiim ah - waxaa kuu ogolaanayaa inaad si loo ogaado dhalashada doonnida ka dajinaya. Intaa waxaa dheer, muuqashadii calanka sanka ah ayaa sidoo kale waxay muujinaysaa in markab idinka soo hor jeedda - military ama xadka. Jack - iyo heerarka, iyo murriyadihii - leeyihiin xad taariikh xiiso ay asal iyo beddelka ku xiga.