Khortytsya Island iyo taariikhda. Soojiidashada iyo photos ee jasiiradda Khortytsya

Khortytsya ula lala taariikhda Zaporizhzhya Cossacks. Waxaa jasiiradda webiga ugu weyn, ma aha oo kaliya in Ukraine, laakiin sidoo kale in Europe. Man halkan degganaa tan iyo xusuusan time: bixisay fiidda ugu horeysay ee uu joogay waa in BC III Millennium.

Maanta, oo iskuul kasta Yukreeniyaan ogyahay, on taas oo webiga waa jasiiradda of Khortytsya. Dnepr - biyo mareen waxay ugu weyn oo ugu muhiimsan ee Ukraine. Tani waa channel ugu weyn ee navigation, waa Cascade lix dhirta korontada. Weli, soo jiidashada ugu muhiimsan ee maxalliga ah waa qalcaddii Cossacks Yukreeniyaan ah. Ilaa maanta Khortitsa raagayaan dhaqanka iyo taxadiri na dib dhowr boqol oo sano ka hor keeni karo, iyo u muujiyaan sida reestrovtsy noolaa.

North Khortytsya

Ugu da'da weyn ee lix Quwadda hydro - Zaporozhye Dnieper - dhisay 1932 waxaana la ordaya ee awoodda buuxda ee 1939. On dalcadaha waqooyi ee jasiiradda Khortytsya view cajiib ah oo ah dam ah. Halkan muuqaalka waa inta badan uga yaacday: dhagaxyada dhagax adag mararka qaarkood soo kici doono 40-50 mitir biyaha ee kor ku xusan.

In qaybtan ka mid ah jasiiradda waxaa ka buuxa grottos, godadka, dhagxaanka waaweyn iyo kuwo yaryar, kuwaas oo mid ka mid dhib leh ku socon karo biyaha. In qaybta waqooyi - ". Marinkii" ee Museum of Zaporizhzhya Cossacks, bandhiga "Zaporizhzhya Sich", oo la furay sanadkii 2009, meesha quduuska ah, "Tarasova dhejiya" iyo raad socodka

South Khortytsya

In kaneecada aagga koonfureed, ee daadadku, abuuray kumanaan sano ee Dnieper adag la barwaaqaysan. Halkan xeebta waxaa diisnaan la durdurradiisa iyo backwaters badan. Webiga korinay carradu bacrin ah u noqday marsada ah ee kala duwan ee dhirta iyo ugaarta. Markii hore, geedka, dhirta, oo cawsduurka iyo cows ka jasiiradda Khortytsya in Kherson iyo Zaporizhia taagay ayaa lagu magacaabay Meadows Weyn.

In meelahan caanka ku ahaa Protolchy tog, by kaas oo ay suurto gal ahayd in ay ka mid bangiga guurto sare ee ma aha in aad cagaha qoyan, ama dhexda-u qoto dheer ee biyaha. quruxda All this muuqday lagu aasay hoose ee berkadood Kakhovka in dhismaha saldhig kale oo korontada. korontada dadaalka wadajirka ah ee ay soo saaraan% ka mid ah korontada ee dalka 8 kaliya oo waa il khatar deegaanka joogto ah.

reserve

Maanta, ku laayeen koonfureed ee jasiiradda Khortytsya waa muhiimad weyn ee ilaalinta ee duur-joogta ee Dnieper ah. Shan harooyinka sanayd iyo badh ilaa laba darsin balliyada yar oo talgaley waa marsada ammaan ah noocyada badan ee dhirta, ubaxyada, ubaxyada biyaha, tallow biyaha, iris, oo cawsduur, iwm Halkan waxaa laga helaa, Fern yar dunida ee - Salvinia sabayn ...

In biyaha soo dhawayn ah Hortitsa koonfurta Hiilweyne in ka badan 50 nooc oo kalluun, buul ka badan 120 nooc oo ka mid ah shimbiraha (in kastoo oo dhan Ukraine oo kaliya in ka badan 300), Shafay oo ku saabsan 30 nooc oo nuujiya yar yar.

Status of jasiiradda reserve gobolka Khortytsya dib 1965 ahaa. Ka hor inta in, uu tixgeliyaa taallo deegaanka (1958) iyo qaranka (1963) qiyamka. Ka dib markii xornimada, dowladda Ukraine ayaa loo xilsaaray xaaladda jasiiradda of park qaranka (1993) ee.

Eegaysana ee function ilaalinta degaanka waa muhiimad weyn: waxaa jira sii kordhaya in ka badan 560 nooc oo dhirta duurka. Island egtahay meel tirada noocan oo kale ah waa weyn.

Zaporizhzhya Cossacks

Of danta waa weyn yahay ee taariikhda ee jasiiradda Khortytsya, inta badan la xidhiidha Cossacks Zaporozhye ah. Prince Vishnevetskii, sung ee hiddaha hoos magaca Baida, qarnigii XVI ka, ayaa la midoobin guuto Cossack kala duwan oo la dhisay on jasiirad yar oo u dhow (Small Khortytsya) qalcaddayda loogu talagalay si ay u difaacaan xadka gobolka Polish-Lithuanian. Waxaa la arkaa in ay noocooda ah ee Zaporizhzhya Sich ah, kuwaas oo u muuqday oo kaliya ee 1593. In 1557-m qalcaddayda ku dhaceen - Khan Devlet Giray, wajiyada ay u derbiyadeeda ee January, guuldareystay 24-maalin hareereeyo ma keenaan guul. Waxa uu hore u ahaa xilliga dayrta ee xoojinta iyo gabi ahaanba la burburiyay qalcadda.

Ka hor inta badanoo jasiiradda Zaporizhzhya Sich Khortytsya iska lahaa hanti iyada. Sidaa awgeed waxay bilaabeen olole ay Taras Tryasilo, Ivan Sirko, Sulima, Bogdan Khmelnitsky.

Dnieper Cutubyo

formation Military on darafka Empire aan maamulka dhexe ee aad u wacan yahay. Marka qeyb ka mid ah saraakiishii ku taageeray Hetman Mazepa uu hadalka anti-Ruush dhinac oo ka mid ah dalka Iswiidan, in 1709 oo dhan Sich Zaporizhzhya lagu dhawaaqay buul ee xadgudbayaasha oo baabbi'iyey, oo aan looga hortagi Cossacks ah inay wax ka qabtaan dhinaca taajkii Ruush ee dagaalka kula Turkigu.

In 1737 waxaa la go'aamiyay in la dhiso deked markab cusub, War in kasii darto, iyo Markabka Ruush ka adkaan kari waayeen ka Rapids Dnieper. By 1739 meel u dhow jasiiradda of Khortytsya isagoo taagan oo raxan military Ruush, tirintii in ku dhow afar boqol oo maraakiibta.

In 1998, meel u dhow xeebta waxaan ka helay meydkii gulls Cossack, kaas oo laga saaray Dnieper ah sannadka oo dhan. Sannadkii 2007, waxaan u keenay in ay dusha laga helay brigantine isku. Laba weel qadiimiga noqday aasaas u ah ururka ee Museum aan rasmiga ahayn ee ka wadaan Dnieper ah, oo ku yaalla qaybta koonfureed ee jasiiradda.

Museum of History of Zaporizhzhya Cossacks

History of Zaporizhzhya Cossacks inta badan u huray in la furo ee 1983. Matxafka jasiiradda of Khortytsya. Qolka degan oo ku saabsan 1600 mitir oo laba jibbaaran oo waxa lagu qurxiyey xumaada. Iyo jiidh leh oo ay derbiyo dhagax adag abuuro saamaynta isagoo god dhulka hoostiisa. Waxay la suro weheliyaan Mala'igtu kala duwan ee wakhtiyadii hore. nalalka Guud ma aha dhalaalaya, ciinwaanka loox oo kaliya la soo bandhigaa, kuwaas oo intooda badan waxaa laga helaa jasiiradda iyo agagaarka degdeg ah.

Halkan waxaa lagu soo ururiyay hadhaagii qalab dhagax qadiimiga ah, pottery, Goosimo marinnada jir ah, astaanta, maacuunta iyo arrimaha gudaha. Matxafka muujinaysaa jirrid geed dhiiqo, jiifsaday hoose ee Dnieper ah dhawr kun oo sano. Of danta waa dioramas Muujinaysaan taariikhda Dhacdooyin weyn ee gobolka Zaporizhzhya: "dagaalkii ugu dambeeyay ee Svyatoslav" (sida ay ogaatay qaar ka mid ah, ee Prince of Kiev waxaa lagu dilay ahaa jasiiradda), "Golaha Military ee xerada," "Night weerar by ciidankii Soviet in Zaporozhye (14/10/1943 Mr. .) "," dhismaha ee Dnieper ah. "

Socotada on a note

In xagaaga matxafka waa furan 9-00 si 19-00, ee xilliga qaboobaha - ka 9-00 in 16-00. Isniinta, waxaa uma shaqeeyo, waa in la dhasha maskaxda marka la qorshaynayo safar jasiirada kale ee Khortytsya. Safarada ay bixiyaan reserve qaranka, xiiso iyo kala duwan. Maanta, waxaa jira qiyaastii darsin Kaapelitalo tours socodka agagaarka jasiiradda, ka go'an in pages kala duwan oo ay taariikhda tahay.

Haddii ay jirto rabitaan jirin gudahood 45-90 daqiiqadood lugaynta ee hagaha on foot, waxaa jirta fursad ay si aad u dalbato safar bas waarta 2.5 saacadood on qaybta koonfureed ee jasiiradda. Reserve ballan dheeldheel wanaagsan oo wargelin ah khubaro ah xirfad sare leh ee bulshada. jasiiradda Popular iyo kids ee matinee gaar ah oo horumarsan. Inta lagu guda jiro iyaga malyshnya aan la sooro oo keliya, laakiin sidoo kale si ay u bartaan taariikhda, isagoo dalkiisii hooyo ee.

"Zaporozhye"

meel A caan ah ka mid ah soo jiidashada ee jasiiradda degan adag oo ah taariikhda iyo dhaqanka "Zaporozhye", kaas oo la bilaabay sanadkii 2004. Qayb ka mid ah dhismayaasha la isticmaalay intii lagu jiray filim ee film feature ah "Taras Bulba". In 2009, adag oo la furay booqashada dalxiiska.

Xaruntu waxay of bandhiga waa kaniisad yar oo ka samaysan alwaax of Virgin Quduuska ah, taas oo loo caleemo saaray saddex domes. Wadar ah saddex iyo labaatan dhismeedka kakan in bandhigo martida u gudaha Cossack guryaha, hay'adaha rasmiga ah iyo waxbarashada, tavern dhaqanka, maqsinka hubka. Bandhiga oo dhan waxaa loo qaybiyaa ah xaafad Cauchy hoose, kaas oo, nasiib daro, ku soo baxay waa la dhici by qowlaysatada casriga ah. Tuulada waxaa ku hareereysan palisade leh saddex watch munaarado, jidad iyo dhufays dhoobo ah.

dukaamada Quduuska ah caadooyinka Cossack iyo kuwa maxalliga ah Istuqraadiga Tiyaatarka (oo ku yaalla qaybta koonfureed ee jasiiradda Khortytsya). Halkan waxaa ka shaqeeya dukaan tumaal, iibinta qadiin ah, si joogto ah waxaa jira qaab xiiso tiyaatarka, qoob, dagaal stylized seefo, muujiyaan tahay sidii shaabad oo tayo leh. Tiyaatarka siinayaa qaab joogto ah ee ICC "Zaporozhye."

Ma aha a Cossacks hal

On warqad gooni ah, in Cossacks ma laysan maalka taariikhiga ah ee meelahan - jasiiradda Khortytsya, kuwaas oo soo jiidashada leh tiro badan yihiin, nool yihiin dadka waqtiyadii hore.

In 1976-1980 sano jasiiradda ayaa la sameeyay excavations archeological kaas oo waxaa laga dhex helay dejinta military oo ka mid ah qarniyo X-XIV ee qaybta koonfureed. The helaa shaqsi - hub, dhoobada - jeedinaya in xal ka sii qadiimiga ah. Maanta goobta furay xusuus iyo dalxiiska adag oo ah "dejinta Protovche".

tuulmo aaska Iskutees

Waxay ka tagnay Calaamad jasiiradda, iyo Scythians ah. In horrantii qarnigii labaatanaad, waxaa jiray 129 tuulo. Ugu da'da weyn oo ka mid ah waxaa iska leh Maarta Age ah (Millennium III E. BC.). Tuulmo tuulo oo ku yaalla jidka loogu yeero Iskutees in mar orday on qayb kacsantahay ee jasiiradda Khortytsya. Maanta, kow iyo toban tuulmo la dayac tiray, qurxiyey dhagax iyo stelae naxaas broads. Mid ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah waa xaq ee soo socota si ay Museum of taariikhda Cossacks ah.

adag Memorial-dalxiis "Zorov qabriga" ( "xerada reer Iskutees"), ka go'an in ay taariikhda bogga Iskutees qaadanayaa ilaa shan hektar oo ka mid ah bandhig xiiso kale, taas oo soo jiidasho leh jasiiradda Khortytsya - museum of farshaxan dhagax. Halkan waxa aad ka arki kartaa shuqullada gacmahaaga aadanaha, taas oo in ka badan kun sano. Sidaas si la hadasho, inay taabtaan bixitaankii dhagax qarniyo Gaumont.

Taras Shevchenko

In xagaagii 1843 Khortytsya booqday Taras ku Shevchenko 29-sano jir ah. Iyada oo toddoba dhagxaanka dhagax adag, on kuwaas oo la xardhay khadadka ka shuqullada Kobzar weyn, kaas oo tixraac jasiiradda Khortytsya isticmaalaya ethnographers la goostay wadada uu socdaan, oo loo qoondeeyey oo Zaporozhye Great Meadow. Qof kasta oo socon kartaa talaabadii Abwaan oo wuxuu ku raaxaysan hareeraysan la Jidka dhawrista "marinkii."

Khortytsya maanta - fasaxa jasiirad taas oo caan ah ma ahan oo keliya ka mid ah dadka deegaanka. Waa mid aad u fiican, xasilloon, xitaa si nabad ah. Laga soo bilaabo xeebaha waqooyi-bari ee Dnieper ah la arki karo, iyo meel u dhow hadalkay "Zaporozhye" in simulates qalcaddayda caadiga ah Cossack ee qarniyo XVI-XVIII. Waxaa jira dareen ku dhowaad asalka ah in aad ku jirto xadka u dhexeeya ee la soo dhaafay iyo mustaqbalka.

Halyeeyada iyo khuraafaadka ee jasiiradda Khortytsya

Ku dhawaad dhagaxii weynaa kasta ama god ee jasiiradda leeyahay Halyeeyga u gaar ah. Si aad noo sheeg oo ku saabsan mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah, ku qaadan lahaa waqti badan. Xiiseyneyso taariikhda godkii dawacooyinku, kaas oo lagu qeexay by Herodiyiintu. Waxaad dhahdaa, in gel ah dalka sixir ah (taariikhyahan u muuqdaan in ay aaminsan yihiin in tani ay tahay Great Meadow Zaporozhye ah) Heracles la kulmay qurux badan mas-gabdhaha. Waxay ku dhacay jecel god isla, iridda cidhiidhsan ka kaas oo loo arki karaa in sawirka ee jasiiradda Khortytsya, sameeyey by taageerayaasha ciyaaraha xad-dhaaf ah. Hel in ay tahay mid aad u adag.

mid ka mid ah saddex carruur ah oo geesi ah Greek quruxda deegaanka oo kaliya u suurtagashay in qaansada xoota oo ah aabaha geesinimada leh, oo la odhan jiray Skif. Waxa xiiso leh, ee image-Yartoy Masaska dhacdo dhagxaanka dhagax ee jasiiradda ah, oo ay asal ahaan waa halkii aan caddayn.

Later, dadkii deganaa ee godka caanka ah Snake Gorynycha - waxaa by dhagaxyo tuuraya at geesiyaal ah oo aan doonayaa in aan u dayno, oo abuuray tiro ka mid ah jasiiradaha Dnieper iyo xataa Rapids caan ah.

waxyaalaha qarsoon oo sixir ah ee jasiiradda

Waxaa jira on Khortitsa iyo shayga taageerayaasha xiiso of esotericism - dhagax weyn oo miisaankeedu yahay shan ilaa lix quintals, ma keeneen sitoos ah, ma ka keeneen qaar ka mid ah dadka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tani ma aha sirdoonka caadiga ah ee goobta this: gobolka ugu dhow meesha ay dhacdo - gobolka Donetsk. Dagax weyn lixdii bilood la khadadka la xardhay, si cad u shubo gacanta nin. Waa maxay waraaqaha sameeyo iyo haddii ay dareento mid ka mid ma dhab ogyahay. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in dhagaxa gooye gaysteen oo kalluun (kalluun) oo waxay u adeegeen sidii dadkii hore sida wax nidaam ah. Ka Qoreen siiyey dhagax xoog sixir ah oo awood u leh "jiidaya" cudurka aadanaha.

Sidaa darteed, jasiiradda Khortytsya uu yahay mid aad u xiiso badan, hodan la indhaha iyo halyeeyadoodii hore. Si aad u taariikhda, oo ay caan ka fog yahay ka u qalmay. Waxaan doonayaa in aan aaminsanahay in waqti sax yahay. Haddii ay suurtagal tahay, hubi inaad meeshan booqo. nasiib wacan!