Nagorno Karabakh-. Taariikhda iyo nuxurka khilaafka

Nagorno Karabakh-ee gobolka South Caucasus waxaa la odhan jiray, si sharci ah waa soohdinta reer Azerbaijan. Waqtiga burburkii Soviet waxaa soo baxay iska hor imaad ah oo military, sida xididdada Armenian ayaa tirada ugu badan ee dadka deegaanka ku nool Nagorno Karabakh-. nuxurka khilaafka waa in Azerbaijan ka dhigaysa dhulka this yihiin shuruudo sharci ah, laakiin dadka gobolka u badan yihiin dhiiran tahay in Armenia. May 12, 1994 Azerbaijan, Armenia iyo Nagorno Karabakh ayaa ansixisay maamuuska, xabad, iyadoo ay sabab u horseeday in xabad joojin aan shuruud lahayn aaga colaadda.

la iibiyo

ilo taariikheed Armenian sheegan in Artsakh (magaca qadiimiga) markii ugu horeysay lagu soo sheegnay ee BC qarnigii VIII Hadii aynu rumaysanahay ilahaasi, ku-Nagorno Karabakh waa qayb ka mid ah Armenia ee muddada ka qarniyadii dhexe hore. Sidaas darteed, Turkey iyo Iran dagaalladii reer Fatxi ee Zaman this of qayb ka mid ah la taaban karo ee Armenia ay gacanta ugu jiraan dalalka yimid. madaxda Armenian, ama kuwa madaxda ah, wakhtigaas ku yaal soohdinta reer casri-Karabakh, raagayaan xaaladda semi-madax-bannaan.

My dhibic of view, Azerbaijan qaadataa in arrintan. Sida laga soo xigtay cilmi maxaliga ah, Karabakh waa mid ka mid ah gobolada ugu da'da weyn taariikhiga ah ee dalka. Word ee Azerbaijan "Karabakh" loo tarjumay sida soo socota: "Gara" waxaa loola jeedaa madow iyo "cayayaanka" - beer. Horeba in qarnigii XVI ka, oo ay la socdaan gobollada kale Karabakh ahayd qayb ka mid ah gobolka Safavid ah, ka dibna wuxuu noqday Khanate madax banaan.

Nagorno Karabakh-inta lagu jiro waqtiga Empire Ruushka

In 1805 Khanate Karabakh la jideeyey, Empire Ruush ah, iyo in 1813 ay ku Treaty of Gulistan ee Ruush yimaadeen oo Nagorno Karabakh-. Markaas, heshiis Turkmenchay iyo heshiiska soo gabagabeeyey in Edirne, soo saaray dib u dejinta ee Armenians ka Turkey iyo Iran, oo iyaga u geliya in dhulka of Northern Azerbaijan, oo ay ku jiraan Karabakh. Sidaas darteed, dadka dalalka oo waa asal doorbidayaa Armenian.

Iyadoo qayb ka ah USSR

In 1918, gacanta Karabakh waa Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga ah ee dhawaan la abuuray ee Azerbaijan. Ku dhawaad mar, ayaa sheegtay in dalka Jamhuuriyada Armenian ah, laakiin ADRs kuwaas oo sheegan meeshan ma aqoonsana. In 1921, ee territory Nagorno Karabakh-xuquuqda madaxbannaani ballaadhan ku jira sii buurayn ee Azerbaijan ah. Laba sano ka dib, ayuu keensataa xaaladda Karabakh Banaan Oblast (NKAO).

In 1988, Guddiga xigeenada shafeeco Nagorny ah masuuliyiinta Jamhuuriyadaha Azerbaijan buurayn iyo Armenian buurayn oo soo jeedisay in lagu wareejiyo dhulka lagu muransan yahay in ay Armenia. Codsigan lama siiyo, si ay magaalooyinka ka mid ah la ruxruxo Nagorno Karabakh-ao of dibad. Mudaaharaadyo midnimo sidoo kale sameeyey Armenia.

ku dhawaaqidda madaxbanaanida

In xilliga dayrta hore ee 1991-kii, markii Midowga Soofiyeeti waxay mar hore bilaabeen in ay dhici gooni gobolka Banaan Nagorny Karabakh la ansixiyay Baaqa, oo wuxuu naadiyey Nagorno Karabakh-Republic. Iyo marka lagu daro Nagorno Karabakh-in ay ka kooban tahay qayb ka mid ah dhulka ee Azerbaijan ka sii buurayn ee hore noqday. Sida laga soo xigtay natiijooyinkii aftida la qabtay 10 December ee isla sannadkaas in Nagorno Karabakh-, in ka badan 99% dadka codeeyay xornimada buuxda ka Azerbaijan.

Waa wax iska cad in masuuliyiinta Azerbaijan afti this aan la aqoonsan yahay, iyo ku dhawaaqidda ee falka laftiisa loo aqoonsaday sharci-darro ah. Waxaa intaa dheer, Baku go'aansaday in la joojiyo maamul hoosaad ee Karabakh, oo waxay lahayd in times Soofiyeeti. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, habka burbur horey ayaa loo bilaabay.

khilaafka Karabakh

Waayo, madax-bannaanida Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland istaagay ciidamada Armenian dayay in ay isdifaacaan Azerbaijan. Nagorno Karabakh-ayaa taageero ka rasmiga ah ee Yerevan, iyo sidoo kale qurba-qaran ee waddamada kale ee la helay, si maleeshiyada u suurtagashay in ay difaacaan gobolka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, maamulka Azerbaijan weli u suurtagashay in ay la dhiso gacanta dhowr goobood oo markii hore sheegay in qayb ka mid ah NKR.

Mid kasta oo ka mid ah dhinacyada dagaalamaya keenaysaa uu stats khasaaraha khilaafka Karabakh ah. Isbarbar xogta kuwan, waxaannu ku tirinnaa karaa in intii saddex sannadood caawa lagu dilay 15-25 milyan oo qof. The dhaawacmeen laga tiriyey waxay ahaayeen ugu yaraan 25,000, in ka badan 100 kun oo rayid ah ayaa lagu qasbay in ay ka baxaan meelaha ay degan yihiin ay.

dejinta si nabad ah

Wadahadalada, inta lagu guda jiro taas oo labada dhinac ay isku dayeen in ay xaliyaan khilaafka si nabad ah, wuxuu bilaabay qiyaastii isla markii xornimada waxaa la naadiyey NKR. Tusaale ahaan, September 23, 1991 kulan, soo qayb galay Madaxweynayaashii Azerbaijan, Armenia iyo Russia iyo Kazakhstan. In guga ee 1992, kooxda OSCE ah loo adkeeyey inuu xaliyo khilaafka Karabakh ah.

Inkastoo dadaalka ugu wanaagsan ee beesha caalamka in la joojiyo dhiigga, a xabbad-joojin ay ahayd oo keliya guga ee 1994. maalintii shanaad ee May ee caasimadda Kyrgyzstan, Bishkek Protocol la saxiixay, ka dib markii taas ay ka qaybgalayaashu dab joogsadeen ka dib markii toddobaadkii oo kaliya.

Dhinacyada colaadda aan ku heshiin waayeen xaaladda ugu dambeeya ee Nagorno Karabakh awoodaan. Azerbaijan oo dalbaday in ixtiraamka ay xukunka oo shaaca ka qaaday on ilaalinta midnimada dhuleed. Danaha Jamhuuriyadda-goboleedka is magacaabay ee ka ilaaliya Armenia. Nagorno Karabakh u taagan tahay xalka nabadeed ee arrimaha muran, madaxda Jamhuuriyadda ayaa tilmaamay in NKR waa ay awoodaan in ay u istaagaan in ay madax-bannaani.