Nolosha gaarka ah iyo Biography Tsiolkovskogo Konstantina Eduardovicha. Guulaha iyo Tsiolkovskii been abuurtay

Biography of Tsiolkovsky xiiso ma aha oo kaliya marka la eego guulaha, inkastoo ay leeyihiin this saynisyahan weyn ahayd badan. Tsiolkovsky la og yahay in alla intii sameeysa ee ugu horeysay ee model gantaal, ay awoodaan in ay u soo duuli galay meel. Waxaa intaa dheer, isagu waa saynisyahan caan ah ee beerta aeroastronavtiki, aerodynamics iyo aeronautics. cilmiga meel Tani waxay caan ah adduunka. Biography of Tsiolkovsky waa tusaale ka mid ah dulqaadashada. Xataa in xaaladaha ugu adag, ma uu diiday in ay sii wadaan hawlaha sayniska.

Asal ahaan, carruurnimada

Tsiolkovskiy Konstantin Eduardovich (sannadaha cimrigaaguna - 1857-1935) waxa uu ku dhashay on 09/17/1857 in Ryazan, in tuulada Izhevsk. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxa uu halkan ku noolaa aad u dheer. Markii uu 3 sano jir, in Ignatievitch Edward, oo ah saynisyahan aabbeheed, dhibaatooyinka ee adeegga bilaabay. Taas darteed, qoyska Tsiolkovsky ayaa u dhaqaaqay in 1860 in Ryazan.

Hooyada ku hawlan dhismaha bilowga Constantine iyo walaalihiis. Waxa ay ahayd tii isaga baray akhriska iyo qoraalka, iyo sidoo kale in ay bartaan waxyaabaha aasaasiga ah ee xisaabta. "Warkii" Aleksandra Afanaseva - buug on taas oo uu ku bartay in uu akhriyo Tsiolkovsky. Hooyadiis bartay wiilkeeda alifbeetada kaliya iyo sida si ay u sameeyaan erayada ka warqado, Kostya qudhiisu sarcaadka.

Markii uu 9 sano jir ah, qabow ka dib markii sledding iyo qandho casaan uu qabtay. Cudurka ayaa ah mid dhibaatooyin, taas oo keentay in khasaare ku yimaada maqalka Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky. Waa Dhaga la'aan Constantine ma quusan, ma lumin xiisaha nolosha. Waxa ay ahayd inta lagu jiro waqtigan in uu bilaabay inuu ka qayb qaataan ee farsamada. Tsiolkovsky jecel yahay samaynta warqad tirooyinka kala duwan.

Edward Ignatievich ee 1868 mar kale tagay oo aan shaqo. qoyska ayaa u dhaqaaqay Vyatka. Halkan, walaalaha ka caawiyay Edward hesho shaqo cusub.

Waxbarashada gymnasium ah, dhimashadii walaalkiis iyo hooyadiis

Constantine, oo ay la socdaan Ignatius, walaalkiisa ka yar, wuxuu noqday daraasad ku gymnasium Vyatka lab ahaa ee 1869. Iyada oo dhib weyn, waxaa la siiyey tababar - halkaas joogay maaddooyin badan, iyo macalimiinta ahaayeen adag. Intaa waxaa dheer, dhago aad u reebay wiilka. isla sanadkaas arkay dhimashada Dmitry walaalkiis ka wayn Constantine. Waxay ku koryeelay qoyska oo idil, laakiin inta badan oo dhan - hooyadiis, Maria Ivanovna (iyada photo soo kor ku xusan), taas oo aad u jeclaan of lafaha. Sannadkii 1870, ayay si lama filaan ah u dhintay.

dhimashada hooyadiis naxay wiilka. Iyo ka hor inta aan aqoonta badan Ziolkowski bilaabay inuu ka xun bartaan. Waxa uu noqday mid ay nafaqo dareemaan ay dhagihiisu culusyihiin, maxaa yeelay, kuwaas oo qaar badan oo ka go'doon noqday. Waxaa la og yahay in Tsiolkovsky inta badan loo ciqaabo sababtoo ah ficillo uu, xitaa helay in meeldhexaadka ah. Constantine ahayd sannadkii labaad oo isku fasalka labaad. Markaas, fasalka saddexaad (ee 1873), oo uu ku eryey. More Tsiolkovsky meel oo aan marnaba bartay. Tan iyo waqti in, uu si madax banaan shaqeeyay.

is-waxbarashada

Taasi waa marka Tsiolkovsky helay yeedhayso run. Ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa ayaa bilaabay in uu helo waxbarashada on iyaga u gaar ah. Buugaag, ka duwan macallinka naxwaha, deeqsinimo macawamada aqoon Tsiolkovsky oo aan marnaba dhaleeceeyay. Markaas Constantine biiray-abuurka ah cilmiyeed iyo farsamo. Tsiolkovsky abuuray lathe a guriga, iyo sidoo kale dhowr ah oo kale waxay Been xiiso.

Life ee Moscow

Edward Ignatievich, Mu'minaadka ah in awoodda wiilkiisa, goostay inaan isaga diro si Moscow, sidaasi darteed waxa uu ku qoran ee School of Engineering (hadda Bauman MSTU.). Tani waxay dhacday bishii July 1873. Laakiin Kostya dugsiga oo aan samayn sabab aan la garaneyn qaar ka mid ah. Waxa uu sii waday Tutor ee Moscow. Tsiolkovsky noolaa aad u liidata, laakiin ku dadaashey in aqoonta. Waxa uu ku qaatay on qalabka iyo buugaagta la soo diray by aabbe u ahaa lacagtii badbaadiyey.

Ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa ayaa maalin kasta u tegey maktabadda dadweynaha Chertkovsky, halkaas oo uu ka bartay cilmiga. Halkan uu kula kulmay Nikolaem Fedorovichem Fedorovym, aasaasihii cosmism Ruush. Ninkan badalay Professor jaamacadda Constantine.

Tsiolkovsky ahayd sannaddii kowaad oo nolosha ee Moscow, bartay physics iyo xisaabta laga bilaabo. Waxay la raacay by muhiim oo kala duwan kalkulas, joomateri spherical iyo gorfaynta, aljebrada sare. Later, Constantine bartay makaanikada, kimistari, iyo xiddigaha. Muddo 3 sano ah uu guuleysto barnaamijka dugsiga naxwaha, iyo sidoo kale qayb ka ugu weyn ee jaamacadda. Aabbaha by wakhtigan laga heli karin nolol Tsiolkovsky ee Moscow. Constantine guriga ku soo laabtay daallan dayrta ee 1876 iyo wiiqay.

casharo gaar ah

shaqada adag iyo xaaladaha adag keentay inay ka sii mid ah aragtida. Ziolkowski bilaabay xiran muraayadaha ka dib markii guriga soo laabtay. ciidanka celinta, wuxuu bilaabay inuu siinayo casharo gaar ah ee xisaabta iyo physics. Muddo ka dib ah, ayuu mar dambe loo baahan yahay xertii, sida cadeeyay inuu yahay macalinka weyn. Tsiolkovsky codsatay by hababka horumartay isaga gacantiisa dhaqanka casharada, ka mid ah taas oo ahayd bandhig weyn ee muuqaalka ah. Tsiolkovsky casharada geometry ka sameeyey lagu daydo ee polyhedrons warqad sameeyey, wada qabtay ardayda tijaabo ee physics. Tani waxay isaga kasbadeen sumcad ee macallinka, si cad u sharaxay waxyaabaha la. ardayda fasalada jeclaaday Tsiolkovsky halkaas oo ay had iyo jeer ahaa oo xiiso leh.

dhimashadii walaalkiis, imtixaanka guul

Ignatius, walaalka ka yar Constantine, dhintay dhamaadka 1876 walaalihii waxay ahaayeen kuwo aad u dhow tan iyo carruurnimada, si uu dhintay wuxuu ahaa dharbaaxo weyn oo Constantine. qoyska Ziolkowski ee 1878, ku soo laabtay Ryazan.

Constantine isla markiiba ka dib markii uu yimid maray baaritaan caafimaad, natiijada taas oo sababta oo ah dhago la sii daayay ka soo adeeg ciidan. In si ay u sii wadaan shaqada, sida macallin, ay u baahan yihiin xaqiijinta isreebreebka. Oo Tsiolkovsky xalliyo dhibaatada this - dayrta ee 1879 uu maray imtixaanka sida arday dibadda ah gymnasium ugu horeysay gobolka. Haddaba si rasmi ah u noqday macallinka xisaabta ah Tsiolkovskiy Konstantin Eduardovich.

nolosha Personal

Konstantin Tsiolkovsky xagaagii 1880 guursaday gabadhii milkiilaha qolka taas oo uu ku noolaa. Oo January 1881, ku dhintay Eduard Ignatievich.

carruurta Konstantin Tsiolkovsky: gabadh iyo saddex wiil Love - Ignatius, Alexander iyo Ivan.

Shaqee dugsiga Borovsk degmada, waraaqaha cilmiyeed ugu horeysay

Tsiolkovsky shaqeeyay macalinka dugsiga degmada Borovsk, ee isku midka ah sii inaad wax ka barato guriga. Oo isna wuxuu sameeyey sawiro, uu ka shaqeeyay on qoraal gacmeedyada ah, tijaabiyay. Shuqulkiisa ugu horeysay lagu qoray on Farsamoyaqaan bayoolaji. Tsiolkovsky ee 1881 abuuray uu shaqada marka hore in la oran karo waa sida runta ah sayniska. Waxaan ka hadleynaa ah "aragtida of gaasas". Laakiin markaas uu ka bartay DI Mendeleev in helitaanka aragti taas ka dhacay 10 sanno ka hor. Tsiolkovsky, inkastoo dib u dhac ku, wuxuu waxbarashadiisa ka sii watay.

Horumarinta Qaab-dhismeedka biibiilaha

Mid ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka ugu waaweyn, oo waxay isagii u qabsadeen muddo dheer, waxay ahayd aragti ah ee buufinta. Ka dib markii qaar ka mid Tsiolkovsky ogaaday in dhibaato this gaar ah waa in fiiro gaar ah. saynisyahan horumartay uu design of biibiilaha. Natiijada shaqada ahaa Tsiolkovsky "The aragti iyo khibrad buufin ..." (1885-86 GG.). In shaqada waxaa xaq ku abuurista airship design ah aasaas cusub isagoo qolof a bir ah oo dhuuban.

dab House Tsiolkovsky

Biography of Tsiolkovsky calaamadeeyay dhacdooyinkii naxdinta lahaa ee April 23, 1887 Maanta, wuxuu ka Moscow ku soo laabtay ka dib markii uu been abuurtay warbixinta. Waxay ahayd markaa in dab ka dhacay guriga Tsiolkovsky. Waxaa lagu gubay lagu daydo, qoraallada, maktabad, sawirada iyo hantida qoyska oo dhan, marka laga reebo harqaan ah (waxaa lagu tuuraa dayrka daaqaddii). Waxay ahayd dharbaaxo adag Tsiolkovsky ah. Waxa uu muujiyay dareenka iyo fikradaha uu in qoraal gacmeedka ah oo cinwaankiisu yahay "salaadda."

Bedelka si Kaluga, shuqullada cusub iyo waxbarashada

DS Unkovsky, oo agaasime ka ah dugsiyada hoose, 27 January 1892 la soo jeediyey in loo bedelo dugsi ee Kaluga mid ka mid ah "dadaala" iyo "awood" macalimiinta. Halkan Tsiolkovsky noolaa ilaa uu dhintay. From 1892 uu ka shaqeeyay macalinka dugsiga degmada Kaluga joomatari iyo xisaabta. Tan iyo 1899, saynisyahan sidoo kale siiyey casharo ku physics ee School Ibraashiga haweenka. Tsiolkovsky qoray Kaluga shuqulladoodii ugu muhiimsan ee ku saabsan aragtida ah ee propulsion jet, aerospace, biology bannaan iyo daawo. Intaa waxaa dheer, ayuu hadalkiisa raaciyay shaqada on aragtida ah ee dirigible macdan Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. Photos hoos lagu soo bandhigay - image ee taallo in ay cilmiga ee Moscow.

1921, ka dib markii dhamaadka waxbaridda, uu la siiyey hawlgabka shakhsiga ah ee Meyeydaan. Laga soo bilaabo wakhtigaas ilaa dhimashadiisii Tsiolkovsky Biography by bilowga daraasadda, hirgelinta mashaariicda, faafinta fikradaha ay ku calaamadsan. waxaa wax ku barayay waxaa mar dambe ku hawlan.

waqti adag Most

Tsiolkovsky ugu cuslaa ee in ay noqdaan 15 sano ee hore ee qarnigii 20-aad. Ignatius, oo isna dhalay, ka go'an ismiidaamin ee 1902. Intaa waxaa dheer, in 1908, oo gurigiisii oo daadkii ka ah ee River Oka lagu jiro daadadku. Taas darteed, waxaan ku soo hareen oo ka mid ah mashiinka iyo bandhigaa badan, badiyay xisaabaha gaar ah oo tiro badan.

dab First, ka dibna biyo ... Waxa ay u muuqataa in aan Tsiolkovsky ahaa saaxiibada la canaasiirta. By habka, xusuuso dabka ee 2001, kaas oo ka dhacay markabka Ruush. Ship dab qabsaday, on 13 July sannadkan - "Konstantin Tsiolkovsky," markabka. Nasiib wanaag, halka mid ka mid ma la dilay, laakiin markabka nafteedu waxay si xun u dhaawacay. Inside, wax walba waa la gubay sida dab 1887, kaas oo ka badbaaday Konstantin Tsiolkovsky.

Uu Biography la calaamadeeyey dhibaato in jebiyey lahaa dad badan, laakiin ma ucheogo caan ah. Oo uu naftiisa muddo ka dib waxa ay noqotay fudud. kuwii ku caashaqi jiray bulshada Ruush mirovedeniya June 5, 1919 saynisyahan ka dhigay inuu ciyey iyo ballamay hawlgabka. Tani waxay ku badbaadi Tsiolkovsky gaajo intii lagu jiray carqalad, sida Academy SF June 30, 1919 isaga ma aqbali galay Jannooyinka iyo sidaas tagay oo aan hab-nololeedka ah. muhiimadda ay daydo soo bandhigay Tsiolkovsky aan mahad in Physico-Chemical Society. In 1923, Alexander, wiilkiisii labaad, naftiisa qaaday.

Aqoonsiga hoggaanka xisbiga

maamulka Soviet waaniyey Tsiolkovsky kaliya ee 1923, ka dib markii lagu sameeyo H. Oberth, jirka dadka Jarmal, daabacaadda oo ka mid ah matoorada gantaal iyo safarka bannaan. Nolosha oo ka shaqeeya xaaladaha Tsiolkovsky ka dibna u xuub bedelay. hoggaanka xisbiga ee USSR ee ay soo jiidatay of saynisyahano caan ah sida Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. Uu Biography ayaa muddo dheer astaan u badan oo guulihii, laakiinse iyagu ma ay xiiseyneyso in ay awood adduunyo waqti qaar ka mid ah. Oo 1923, cilmiga loo magacaabay hawlgabka qof ahaaneed, la siiyo shuruudaha waxqabad badan dhala. A November 9, 1921 ayuu bilaabay in ay bixiyaan lacagta hawlgabka ah iyo adeegyada uu sayniska. Tsiolkovsky helay lacag ilaa September 19, 1935 Maalintii this dhintay Kaluga, kaas oo noqday gurigiisa, Tsiolkovskiy Konstantin Eduardovich.

guulaha

Tsiolkovsky soo jeediyay qaar ka mid ah fikradaha helay codsiga in gantaal. shukaanaha Tani gaaska loo xakameeyo duulimaadka ee gantaal ah; isticmaalka propellants for qaboojinta qolof ah barxadda dibadda ee markabka intii lagu galo pride galay jawi dhulka iyo dadka kale. In berrinkii shidaalka rocket, halkan cadaato Ziolkowski. Baaritaan hannaanka shidaalka oo oxidants kala duwan, talinayaa in la isticmaalo uumiga shidaalka: ogsijiin leh Consort ama hydrogen Tsiolkovskiy Konstantin Eduardovich. Uu abuurtay ka mid ah turbomachine mashruuca. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxa uu daabacay 1927 ee nidaamka iyo aragtida ah ee tareenka barkin hawada. First soo jeediyay jiifku ka, qiime hoos jidhka, waxa uu ahaa Tsiolkovskiy Konstantin Eduardovich. Si uu abuurtay, hadda aad u ogaato. Airship iyo meel safarka - dhibaatooyinka ugu waaweyn in cilmiga uu naftiisa dhan soocay.

In Kaluga, museum ka mid ah taariikhda astronautics magacaabay ka dib markii this saynisyahan, kuwaas oo aad baran kartaa wax badan, oo ay ku jiraan on saynisyahano sida, sida Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. Photos of dhismaha museum waxaa kor lagu soo bandhigay. Gebogebadii, waxaan jeclaan lahaa inaan soo xigto weedh. Its qoraaga - Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. Xigasho oo isaga loo yaqaan in ay dad badan, iyo this, laga yaabee, aad u ogaato. "Caalamka waxay leedahay gogol fikir, laakiin mid ka mid weligiis ma noolaan karo u ishaartay xaggiisa ah," - yiri mid ka mid Tsiolkovsky. Maanta bayaankan waxa uu ku yaalaa iridda laga soo galo beerta iyaga. Tsiolkovsky (Kaluga), halkaas oo uu la aasay cilmiga.