Simonov keniisad (1370)

Baydka keniisad Simonov aasaasay ee todobaatanaadkii ee qarnigii afar iyo tobnaad, adeer ah, iyo waqti isku mid ah ardayga Sergiya Radonezhskogo ayo Fedor. Waxa uu ahaa kii dambe noqday caan ah sida mentor shakhsi ruuxiga ah ee Prince Don.

Magaca keniisad Simonov la magacaabay ka dib markii Nin sharaf leh Stefana Hovrina noqday wadaad a Simon oo dalka ugu deeqday dhismaha oo ka mid ah oo adag lix miles koonfur ka Moscow.

Asal ahaan, keniisad ahaa wax yar ka hooseeya hoos on River Moscow ka, taasoo keentay in Moscow, laakiin Fedor, isku dayaya in ay ka heli gaarka ah xitaa ka sii badan, doortay keniisad meel aad u kala duwan, oo u dhow duug ah. Oo 1380, Simonov keniisad waxaa u dhaqaaqay meeshii maanta taagan. On goobta jir ahayd oo keliya Church a kaniisadda yar oo ka mid ah dhalatay, munaarad dawan oo qeybtii labaad ee qarnigii siddeed iyo tobnaad helay qabuuraha Peresvet iyo Oslabya a - geesiyaal dagaalka ee Kulikovo.

Simonov keniisad ayaa lagu yaqaanaa Russia: halkan waxaa had iyo jeer, awelna loola darsaday waaweyn. Waxa uu ahaa gaar ah jeclaan of booqashada Emperor ee Theodore A., kaas oo si khaas ah unugyada dhisay boqorkii yaabaa baryayaaye inta lagu guda jiro deymin. suufiyadoodii ugu caansan uu - Kirill iyo Ferapont - ardayda ee St. Radonezh, markii danbe loo wareejiyay keniisad ee Aleksandra Svirskogo.

In 1771st, marka boqornimadii Catherine II, Simonov keniisad la xiray iyo ku beegnaa faafo xoog ugu nac weyn ee cudurkan oo ah cudurka ee karantiil ah Plaguelands soo jeestay, laakiin -1795, ay sabab u tahay codsi ka yimid statesman Ruushka Musin-Pushkin, tani waxay joogeen meel quduus ah dib loo soo celiyo.

Sida laga soo xigtay erayadii taariikhqorihii ahaa, keniisad ah si joogta ah u noqday "gaashaan" ee Moscow, waxaa ilaalinaya cadaawayaashiinna. Muddo sanado ah, oo marar badan wuxuu qaaday ciribtir cadaawayaashooda, sakhiray in weerarada ee tataarka ah, iyo in times naxsanaa gabi ahaanba dumay iyo ku dhawaad duminayaa.

In 1920th ee, ka dib markii ay ka imanayaan xukuumadda Bolshevik ah, Simonov keniisad gaaray qaddar ee ugu kiniisadda Ruush, waxaa gebi ahaanba tirtiro. Tan iyo 1923, ay dhismaha ahayd matxaf, kuwaas oo soconayay oo keliya ilaa 1930. Agaasimaha matxafka ahaa nin aad u caqli badan oo wax ku ool ah, ayaa la aasaasay xiriir la leh bulshada kaniisadda maxalliga ah, u ogolaanin in ay u fuliyaan adeega in mid ka mid ah kuwo macbudyo dhaca ka beddelkeeda caretaker museum iyo waardiye oo ka mid ah hab bulshada. Bishii Janaayo ee sannadkan in Guddiga Gobolka habase yeeshee aqoonsan yahay qayb ka mid ah guri keniisad dhismeedka qadiimiga ah waxay u baahan yihiin si loo badbaadiyo sida taxadiri taariikhiga ah, laakiin cathedral iyo qaar ka mid ah derbiyada wali, waxaa la go'aamiyay in ay ku burburiyaan.

Qarax Habeenka January 21 guurada lixaad ee hoggaamiyaha on hawada si dheeraysa ugu shan ka mid ah lixdii kiniisadaha male ah Cathedral la belfry, Gate Church iyo munaarado - Hay'adda iyo Tainitski, iyadoo dhammaan dhismayaasha ku xiga. Inta lagu guda jiro Subbotniks ka shaqeeya ayaa la burburiyey ku dhawaad derbiyadiisii oo dhan keniisad Simonov ah, baabbi'iyeen quruumihii oo dhan waxa Qubuuraha ku yiil soohdintii reer keniisad ah, iyo meelahoodii burbursanaa oo ku bidix ka "qalcadda ee obscurantism of Church ah", sida ku qoran bogagga "Ogonyok" magazine, 1937, ka taagay ee Palace ee Dhaqanka.

keniisad ayaa waxaa ku soo laabtay kiniisadda oo keliya sanadkii 1990, markii ay bilaabeen inay si firfircoon uga soo celiyo.

Waxa na soo gaadhay oo kaliya qayb yar oo ka mid ah. From keniisad ahaa awoodaan si ay u noolaadaan oo ay derbiga koonfurta iyo munaarado, oo angular "Dulo" shan geesle "be" iyo hareeraheeda "Salt" waa sii raagayaan sida refectory iyo Church of Ruuxa Quduuska ah ..