The Republic of Kazakhstan: gobollada iyo qaababka ay

The Republic of Kazakhstan - mid ka mid ah ugu baxaya dalalka of Central Asia. Waxay ku taalaa wadnaha ee qaaradda oo waa 9aad ugu weyn dunida oo dhan by deegaanka. Tani waa xaalad leh taariikh qani ah, Bbc picturesque, dhaqanka xiiso leh iyo khayraadka dabiiciga ah kaydkiisu. List of gobol oo Kazakhstan iyo sharaxaad ku saabsan mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah in la dambe ee qoraalkan ka akhrisan kartaa.

Gobollada of Kazakhstan (kooban)

dalka wuxuu ka kooban yahay 5 gobol, kuwaasoo mid walba uu yahay mid gaar ah ee ay jidka u gaar ah.

1. West - aagga ugu weyn dalka. Waxaa ka mid ah afar goobood. Total dadweynaha - in ka badan 2.1 milyan oo qof. By degaanka, gobolka daboolayaa meel ka mid ah ku dhowaad 730 sq M.. km.
2. North - Gobolka dhaqaalaha ugu weyn. Waxaa guriga waa in labanlaabkeed ah dad badan oo aan ahayn in West (oo ku saabsan 4.4 milyan oo qof.). Waxay ka kooban tahay afar qeybood. degaanka ee gobolka - in ka badan 565 kun oo sq M.. km.
3. South - gobolka la beeraha horumaray iyo warshadaha. By meesha, waa yara liita West ah (712 kun. Km sq..). Laakiin marka la eego tirada dadka, gobolka qaadataa meesha ugu horeysa - in ka badan 6.3 milyan oo qof. Waxay ka kooban tahay afar qeybood.
4. East - gobol ka kooban hal domain. Waxaana ay ku aaddan meel ka mid ah 380 kun oo sq M.. km. Waxay hoy u tahay ku dhawaad 2.7 milyan oo qof.
5. Bartamaha - trove khasnad macdanta ah. Waxay ka kooban tahay oo keliya hal meel, oo ku yaalla meel ka mid ah wax yar ka yar 320 sq. M. km leh dadka ka mid ah ku dhawaad 2 milyan oo qof.

waqooyiga Kazakhstan

Waxaa loo qaybiyaa 4 qaybood: Kostanai, North Kazakhstan, Pavlodar, oo xuduud la leh Russia ee waqooyiga, iyo Akmola, halkaas oo caasimadda Jamhuuriyadda - Astana. Wuxuu - ugu weyn ee gobolka. Sidoo kale waa magaalada ugu wayn waa xarunta of Kostanay, North Kazakhstan, Pavlodar iyo oblasts Akmola - Kostanai, Petropavlovsk, Pavlodar iyo Kokshetau, siday u kala horreeyaan.

North Kazakhstan ma la odhan karaa waa-biyo sare, iyo sidoo kale dalka oo dhan. Halkan waddaa 3 waaweyn Wabiyaal Irtysh, Tobol iyo Ishim. On the bangiyada doonana waa caasimadda. goobta A yar ee xarunta gobolka ayaa waxaa kujira kaymaha geed iyo buuro. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, meesha ugu weyn ayaa waxaa kujira steppe flat: Kazakh Uplands, West Siberian Plain iyo banka Turgai.

Northern Kazakhstan waxaa loo yaqaan "ka di'in ee dalka oo dhan", sababtoo ah halkan ka badan gobollada kale, horumarinta beeraha. Waxaa hodan iyo macdanta waa. Halkan soo saara birta iyo copper ore, dhuxul, oo dahab ah, bauxite, asbestos, nuuradda, ciid quartz, iyo in ka badan. Sidoo kale gobolka horumariyo mishiino, iyo wax soo saarka batroolka.

Kazakhstan maratay waa cimilada qaaradda ee waqooyiga maadaama ay si gaar ah u adag. Laakiin, inkastoo taasi, waxaa guriga waa in ku dhawaad rubuc ka mid ah dadka dalka, oo had iyo jeer waa wax badan oo dalxiisayaal ah oo doonaya in ay soo booqdaan reserve Naurzum ama jiga Burabai iyo Bayanaul.

East Kazakhstan

Gobolka waxaa wakiil ka ah gobolka iyo xuduudaha East Kazakhstan la Russia ee waqooyiga iyo Shiinaha bari. magaalada ugu weyn - xarunta gobolka Ust-Kamenogorsk oo magaalada ka mid ah Semey.

gargaarka waa arrin oo kala duwan. bannaankii deel ka sokow, waxaa loo qoondeeyey xigtaa Kalba Saur-Tarbagatai iyo Altai Mountains. Halkan waxaa ku qoran Belukha ah - buurta ugu sareeya ee Altai. Waxa kale oo aad ka heli kartaa seeraha Alpine, kaymaha iyo taiga ah.

In gobolka this waxaa ku urursan ku dhawaad 40% ka mid ah khayraadka biyaha ee dalka. Webiga ugu weyn waa gobolka Irtysh ah, kuwaas oo posted Bukhtarma, Ulbinskaya Shulbinskaya iyo qayraadka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tani ma aha gobolka kaliya ee halbowlaha ah. Waxa intaa dheer in Irtysh ah, waxaa dhici a Wabiyaal waaweyn yar Ulba, Bukhtarma, Char, Kurchum, Narym, Uba. Sidoo kale, ee gobolka this waxaa jira jidhadhka weyn oo biyo ah sida Zaisan, Markakol, Alakol iyo Sasykkol. Total 1200 ee gobolka of webiyada iyo harooyinka waaweyn 18.

East Kazakhstan - gobolka ugu warshadaha ee dalka. Kaydka ee hogaanka, dahab, iyo lacag, zinc, copper, titanium, magnesium, iyo biraha kale oo badan oo aan waa u siman yihiin in ay CIS. Tani feature ee dalka sida Kazakhstan. Gobollada dalalka kale ee ku faani karo sida horumarka xoogan oo warshadda macdan qodista. Waxaa ka shaqeeya in ka badan 1,000 oo shirkadood processing. In bari, beeraha fiican oo heer sare, iyo malab la barwaaqaysan Altay soo saaray ee gobolka East Kazakhstan, loo arkaa in ay mid ka mid ah adduunka ugu fiican.

West Kazakhstan

Gobolka Tani waxa uu ku yaalaa ee Bartamaha Asia iyo Bariga Yurub, sida halkan ku teedsan Mountains Ural iyo xeebta waqooyi ee Badda Caspian waa xadka u dhexeeya labada qaybo ka mid ah dunida oo dhan - Asia iyo Europe. Arrintani waxay ka duwan Western Kazakhstan. Gobollada of taas oo ka kooban: Aktobe, West Kazakhstan, Mangistau iyo Atyrau. In waqooyi-galbeed waxay xuduud la leh Russia, iyo xagga koonfureed - la Turkmenistan iyo Uzbekistan. The magaalo ee ugu waaweyn (xarumaha maamulka): Atyrau (oblast Atyrau.), Aktobe (gobolka Aktobe.), Aktau (gobolka Mangistau.) Oo Uralsk (gobolka West Kazakhstan.).

In galbeed, gobolka xuduud la gudubno ugu weyn dunida oo dhan - Sea Caspian iyo bari - badda Aral. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa dhici webi ee waaweyn sida Urals, Volga, Emba. In la eego gobolka gargaarka waxaa matalaya deel guri, sida waxa uu ku yaalaa on East Bannaankii Yurub. Badda woqooyi Caspian wareegsan Caspian ee dooxada, on xeebta bari ee gacanka, waxaa jira 2: Mangyshlak iyo Buzachi, kaas oo baaba'ayso gelin banka Ustyurt.

Meelaha la heestayaal u cimilada uu yahay mid fudud, geyiga ugu weyn ee isla Gobolka - waa maratay qaaradda. mugga dadweynaha ayaa aad uga yar tahay meelaha kale - deggan oo kaliya 3.4 / km². Tani waa gobolka Kazakh ku hadla ee dalka: halkan dadka wadaniga ah waa ¾ dadweynaha.

Western Kazakhstan - meesha ugu weyn ee gaasta iyo saliidda soo saara ee dalka. Halkan waxaa ku qoran qaar ka mid ah beeraha saliidda iyo gaaska ee ugu weyn: Tengiz, Karachaganak iyo Kashagan. Waxaa intaa dheer, dhulka si fiican u horumarsan kalluumaysiga ee dalka Kazakhstan. Gobollada meelaha kale ee aan si fiican u yaqaan in kalluumaysiga this.

Central Kazakhstan

Gobolka waxaa wakiil ka mid ka mid ah ugu weyn ee degaanka dalka - Karaganda, iyadoo ay xarunta maamulka ee magaalada Karaganda.

gargaarka waa arrin oo kala duwan: waqooyiga - Kazakh Uplands, koonfur - Lake Balkhash, oo ku yaalla koonfurta - ka deel iyo semi-lamadegaanka iyo buuraha Dhuur - Karkaraly, Kent, Ku, Ulytau. Tani waa meel-biyaha hoose. cimilada uu yahay mid aad u qalalan.

Central Kazakhstan ama lahid-Arka, sida ay ugu yeedhaan oo deggan gobolka - oo lagu yaqaano macdanta dhuxusha. Halkan waxaa ka mid ah kayd ugu weyn - Karaganda weysada dhuxul ah. Sidoo kale gobolka horumariyo mishiino, beeraha xoolaha iyo metallurgy.

South Kazakhstan

Waa gobolka ugu shacbiyada badan ee dalka. Waxa aad wadaagtan xuduudaha la Uzbekistan iyo Kyrgyzstan in koonfurta iyo Shiinaha bari. Waxay ka kooban yahay berrinka, Zhambyl, South Kazakhstan, Kyzylorda iyo Almaty. Halkan waa xarunta ugu weyn ee Kazakhstan - Almaty. Sidoo kale magaalooyinka waaweyn waxaa ka mid ah Shymkent, Taldykorgan, Taraz iyo Kyzylorda. In oblast Kyzylorda waa magaalada la hore iyo weyn ee adduunka ee cosmodrome Baikonur.

khayraadka Biyaha waxaa u di'in geeyay - inta badan xoog ku yaalla koonfurta. Waxaa jira Zhetysu - Valley ee Webiyada Todobo, ama Todoba Webiyada. Intaa waxaa dheer, koonfureed waa Lake Issyk-Kul, iyo tiixtiix buurta Jungar Alataw iyo beero badan oo qaranka, sida ku-Aksu Zhabagly. Ee xuduudda la leh Shiinaha iyo Kyrgyzstan waa Khan Tengri Fiinta - mid ka mid ah danbow ugu sareeya ee Shan Tien ah. Waxaa soo jiidashada, kuwaas oo soo jiitay dalxiisayaal in Kazakhstan.

Gobollada ee qaybtan ka mid ah dalka, oo ku yaalla waqooyiga, in qayb weyn oo ka kooban lamadegaanka iyo deel, oo ku yaalla koonfurta dalka oo dheeraad ah oo bacrin ah, sidaa darteed waxaa jirta beeraha fiican oo heer sare. horumarinta beeraha ayaa sidoo kale ku kordhinaya jawi aad uga khafiifsan yihin goobo kale.