Tsarskoye Selo: sidaad u tagi karto? Dalxiisyada ee Tsarskoye Selo

Tsarskoye Selo, iyo sidoo kale guutooyin kale oo badan oo goobta joogay ee St. Petersburg, waa tiir ka mid ah farshaxanka muuqaalka iyo naqshadaha muhiimada dunida. Magaalada oo dhammu waxay ku jiro liiska waxyaabaha la ilaaliyo by UNESCO.

agagaarkeedii taariikhiga ah

Taariikhda halkan dhagax kasta, iyo malaayiin qof oo ogaado waxa Selo Tsarskoye ah. Sidee si aad u hesho in ay - martida arrin muhim. Kuwa agagaarkaaga jooga oo xagga woqooyi ka xigta caasimadda aan ka yarayn caan ka badan xarunta taariikhiga ah ee St. Petersburg. In taxanaha ah ee quruxda badan ee madaxtooyada iyo park ensembles, oo ku yaalla duleedka magaalada iyo waajib ah in ay soo booqdaan, waxaa jira GEMS sida Pavlovsk iyo Strelna, Oranienbaum (Lomonosov) iyo Peterhof (Petrodvorets), Kronstadt (asal ahaan Kronshlot) iyo "Penates" estate (Museum House Repin). Pushkin (Tsarskoye Selo) ma aha meel la soo dhaafay in liiska this.

Taariikhda ay naqshadda dhismaha gaar ah waa qumman yahay. Tani wax badan ayaa laga qoray, laakiin si ay u fahmaan caan cajiib ah wadada, kaliya aad u baahan tahay inaad ugu yaraan yeeran, iyo tan iyo dhagax kasta waxaa la raacio xusuusta oo ka mid ah gabayayaashiinnu Ruush, qorayaasha, faylosuufiinta.

Tsarskoye Selo iyo suugaanta Ruush

"Halkan waxyoonay Pushkin ee uu ku dhashay iyo ku koray aamusnaanta melodious. Halkan Lermontov lathered faras qablamaya squadrons saynisyahan ... "iyo" ... si tartiib ah ku socday Tiutchev, dhex wareegi sida hoos sii libdhaya, Vladimir Solovyov ... "aad weligiis la hadli kartaa oo ku saabsan doorka Tsarskoye Selo nolosha Fedora Tyutcheva iyo Nikolaya Gumileva, Innokentiya Annenskogo, Olgi Berggolts, Vsevolod Rozhdestvensky. erayo gaar ah uu u qalmo doorka Tsarskoye Selo nolosha Anny Ahmatovoy. Waxa aan dhihi karo oo ku saabsan A. S. Pushkine, haddii uu magaca la siiyey magaalada? sano dugsi yar oo aan aqoon rinjiyeynta ka ili Repina "Pushkin ee imtixaanada Lyceum ee 1815." Waxaa gaysteen oo gabayaa dhallinyarada reading gabayo uu Derzhavin. xusuustiisu Abwaan derdertay taallo kale halyeeyga abuuray by mashruuca R. R. Baha ballamay ee 1900, kaas oo iniinahoodu ku dhex jiraan waxay noqon kartaa sabab ka mid ah safarada in Tsarskoye Selo. Sidee si ay halkaan u kiiskan? jawaabta waxaa laga heli karaa hay'adaha socdaalka, kaas oo ku siin, waayo, marinnada shaqsi u walxaha shaqsi oo ka mid ah magaalada-taallo.

safar suugaanta

Xitaa haddii an goobaha dhismaha iyo taariikhiga ah ee magaalada martida badan oo wax walba taqaan, waayo, kuwii ku caashaqi jiray suugaanta, gaar ahaan gabayo, il Nuxaad kaydkiisu dheer waxa wali xaafad lagu magacaabo Tsarskoye Selo. Sidee si aad u hesho in ay Pushkin, ku tilmaamay faahfaahsan ee tilmaame kasta oo St. Petersburg iyo degaanka ku hareereysan. Waxaa jira qoyska ka mid ah waddooyinka hoos horyaalka "Suugaanta Tsarskoye Selo", epigraphe si mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah waxaa laga yaabaa in erayada Anna Akhmatova "Waxaa jira lire badan oo dhegaysanayay on laamaha ..." ardayda tours waxbarasho waxaa loo habeeyaa oo cinwaankeedu ahaa "Aan tag Tsarskoye Selo ..." (A. M. Gorodnitsky). tours waxay bixiyaan bixinta gaar ah ee soo booqda.

A yar oo taariikh

Waayo, markii ugu horeysay ee ay la xusay in 1501 yeedhay Staritsa on maps barbaro up for Boris Godunov. Sida estate Tsarskoye Selo kacay sidii ay dubaan, gaar ah, waayo, waxay sayidaddeedii ku ah ee 1710 oo markii danbe noqday Empress Catherine I.

The shayga ugu muhiimsan waxaa ka mid ah waa Palace Catherine. Waxa xiiso leh in markii hore (1717-1723) decoration uu of galidoonaan oo dhan waxaa la dhisay by Johann Fridrihom Braunshteynom, taariikhaha nolosha waa la garanayn, laakiin wax badan oo qurxin St. Petersburg ilaa hadda, ayaa ku hadhay dhow in ay qaab asalka. The ifka iyaga ka mid ah - waxyaalaha Peterhof: Marly Palace, Pavilion Hermitage ah, conservatory weyn ee Park Hoose iyo waxyaabaha kale ee muhiimka ah. Laakiin haddii sababta oo ah xasuusta masaakiinta isaga qudhiisa ku saabsanaa (isagu wuxuu ahaa kubadsameeyaha ah, in 1728 laga saaray Russia), ama version asalka ah arrin aysan ku dhadhankii Catherine II, Empress KT Ruush, iyo 1762 si ay u 1796, laakiin dhismaha waxaa gebi ahaanba dhisay. Iyada oo 1743 on 1756 on jidkiisa, raagayaan ilaa maantadan la joogo, Waxa aan ka shaqeeyey Rastrelli.

The soo jiidashada ugu weyn ee Tsarskoye Selo

Liiska waxyaabaha taariikhiga ah iyo naqshadda iyada oo aan sharaxaad kooban qaadataa qeybtii bog oo qoraal ah teeb lagu qoray. Tsarskoye Selo ee St. Petersburg ee 1992, helay xaaladda ka mid ah matxafka-reserve. , Sidaas maadada goobtan ilaalinta gaarka ah iyo hab isticmaalka ka mid ah waxyaabaha. The ugu weyn waxaa ka mid ah Catherine iyo Alexander Parks, Great Catherine iyo Alexander daaraheeda waaweyn, taambuug "Hermitage", "Grotto" iyo "White Tower", Arsenal iyo Admiralty ah, Tiyaatarka Chinese iyo tuulada. munaaraddii Gothic Interesting Chapelle, Ratna Chamber iyo Golaha Carruurta. Xataa dhulka this waa shayga ka arrin marxalad kala duwan - "Wadohoose Romanovs 'hadhaagii dhismaha hoostiisa, fikradda dhismaha taas oo ka dhalatay hoos Catherine II. Luudh, in la yidhaahdo oo ku saabsan magaalada Fedorovskoye in bilaabay inuu wax dhiso ee 1913 ee style Ruushka in uu ahaa sidaas oo caan ah inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Nicholas II. Mid kasta oo ka goobahan leeyahay daraasiin mini-goobood, inay istaahilaan inay noqon ujeedada safar si Tsarskoye Selo ay. Inkasta oo aan ugu dhici waayay inuu u soo yeedho a mini-wax of Amber Room caansan dunida ee ku. Quruxdeeda, aqonsado, taariikhda afduubka, raadinta iyo ka soo kabashada ayaa keentay in qoraal ahaan in ka badan hal darsin Muga.

wadada, loo yaqaan tan iyo carruurnimada

Waayo, kuwo badan soo booqda xaafadda Tsarskoye Selo "Sidee in ay halkaas ka heli?" - su'aashu waxay tahay mid fudud ilaa xad. The wadada ugu caansan --mini K287, K545, K347 ama basas tirada 187 ka "Moskovskaya" station metro. Waxaa jira xarumaha basaska ee "Kupchino" station metro on Avenue Vitebsk ah. Marka la eego ay caanka ah ee jihada, basas tago dura 10-15 daqiiqo. Waxaad isticmaali kartaa tareenka si Vitebsk Station.

Xiiseyneysay oo kaliya kor u kacay

Xataa in waqti kacaanka, marka caasimada waqooyiga la odhan jiray "Peter", Tsarskoye Selo, sidaad u tagi karto - wax kasta oo had iyo jeer waa xiiso dadka, maxaa yeelay qurux run yahay cad in dhammaan qaybaha kala duwan ee dadweynaha. sano Soviet leeyihiin meel ee taariikhda magaalada. Laga soo bilaabo 1918 waxaa loo baxshay Carruurta Village Uritskogo si buuxda ay la galeen iyo madxafka oo ah jeestay. In 1937, magaalada helo magac cusub - Pushkin ah oo xidhiidh la leh sanad guuradii 100aad ee dhimashada gabayaa ee. Ka dib markii ay shaqo iyo burburinta magaalada, kadib markii la boobay (tusaale lagu marnaba heli lahaayeen Room Amber ah) Tsarskoye Selo bogsatay muddo dheer. Inta lagu guda jiro sano ee awoodda Soviet lasoo celiyay oo dhan xarumo muhiim ah, dhismaha kaxeynayo cusub (Railway Square Station), aadayso galidoonaan naqshadda guud. Waxyaabaha ayaa ka taagay, loo hagaajiyo deegaanka ee magaalada. Had iyo jeer, mar kasta - oo Saarka iyo Soviet - aagga of agagaarkeedii taariikhiga ah ee St. Petersburg riyaaqay jacayl gaar ah deggan caasimadda waqooyiga. qulqulaya of visitors inta lagu jiro todobaadkan si weyn in ay jiraan talooyin: Ujeeddada ah garashada shayga tani waa fiican in ay soo booqdaan maalmaha shaqada.

Waa in la ogaadaa in dhamaan wadada, taasoo keentay ka St. Petersburg, Pushkin, si firfircoon dib, cusub ka dhisay. Waxaas oo dhan waxaa sabab u ah taariikhda dhaw ee wareega (180 sano) laga bilaabo taariikhda geerida Abwaan ee.