Tusaalooyinka nidaamyada hawlgalka-waqtiga dhabta ah. Tusaalooyinka nidaamyada hawlgalka network

Nidaamka hawlgalka waqtiga dhabta ah (RTOs) - this OS, oo loogu balanqaadayo awood gaar ah ah oo waqti loo dejiyay. Tusaale ahaan, waxaa laga yaabaa in loogu talagalay si ay u muujiyaan in shay uu noqday diyaar u robot ah on line kiniisadda. blaastiigga noocan oo kale ah waxaa loo kala saaraa "adag" iyo "jilicsan."

-Waqtiga dhabta ah nidaamyada hawlgalka adag u qaadan in xisaabinta aan la dili karin, haddii shayga aan la heli karin ee muddada loogu talagalay (howlgalkan dhammaan doontaa in failure).

Nidaamka hawlgalka jilicsan ee line shirkii-waqtiga dhabta ah ku hoos jira xaalad kuwaas oo sii wadi doonaa in ay ku shaqeeyaan, laakiin wax soo saarka waxay noqon kartaa hoose sababtoo ah goobaha aanay awoodin in la sameeyo heli wakhtigiisa, oo sababtay in robot ku meel gaar xumeyn doono.

Ka hor inta soo bandhiga tusaale u ah nidaamka qalliinka-waqtiga dhabta ah, aad u baahan tahay si ay u fahmaan ku dhegyadii of isticmaalkooda. Qaar ka mid ah OS waxyaalahan waxaa loo abuuray ee codsiyada gaar ah, halka kuwo kale - ee guud. Waxaa intaa dheer, qaar ka mid ah sanduuqa battariga ee guud-Ujeedada waxaa sidoo kale mararka qaarkood loo isticmaalo hawlgalka ee waqtiga dhabta ah. Sida tusaalooyinka noocan ah nidaamyada hawlgalka samayn kartaa si fiican u yaqaan Windows 2000 ama IBM Microsoft / 390. In uu yahay, xitaa haddii nidaamka qalliinka aan buuxin shuruudaha qaarkood, waxaa laga yaabaa in ay leeyihiin sifooyinka in ay noogu suurto gasho in ay aad uga fiirsada sida xal u ah dhibaatooyinka codsiga gaarka ah ee waqtiga dhabta ah.

Tusaalooyinka nidaamyada hawlgalka iyo kala soocista

Guud ahaan, nidaamka qalliinka ee waqtiga dhabta ah leedahay sifooyinka soo socda:

• Multitasking.
• socodka Nidaamka Xuquuq in la mudnaanta karo.
• Tiro ku filan oo heerar kala go'do.

nidaamyada hawlgalka-waqtiga dhabta ah ayaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa in hargahood oo gundhig u yar, kuwaasi oo loo isticmaalo in format microdevices. Tusaale ahaan, qaar ka mid ah halyeeyada la oran karo waa sida nidaamka kaliya duruufaha hawlgalka (tusaale: yaruna oo qayb ka ah macruufka ah, Android, iwm ...) In waqtiga dhabta ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, si ay u qabtaan hawlo ay u baahan yihiin waxyaalo kale oo ka mid ah qalabka, tusaale ahaan, wadayaasha. Taasi waa sababta buuxa nidaamka qalliinka waa-waqtiga dhabta ah, sida caadiga ah, waa in ka badan oo kaliya yaruna.

Tusaale A caadiga ah waa codsiga RTOs HDTV-qaata oo soo bandhigay. Waa in uu akhriyo signalka digital, iyo bandhigay fahmo qaab xogta soo socda. dib u dhac kasta oo ay noqon doontaa dareemi sida video pixel iyo / ama dhawaaqa waxaa la-yaacsan.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, markii dhawaaqa ka farxin "tusaalooyin ka mid ah nidaamyada hawlgalka noocan ah," waxaa loola jeedaa in la xuso magacyada ugu caansan. Maxaa qayb ka mid ah kooxdan?

VxWorks shirkadaha WindRiver

VxWorks waa nidaamka qalliinka-waqtiga dhabta ah sameeyay sida software ah lahaansho iyadoo la kaashanayo WindRiver. Markii ugu horeysay ee la sii daayay sanadkii 1987, VxWorks asal ahaan waxaa loogu talagalay in loo isticmaalo nidaamyo gundhig u baahan-waqtiga dhabta ah iyo waxqabadka deterministic. Sayidka, tusaalayaal noocan ah nidaamyada hawlgalka waxaa loo isticmaalaa in meelaha ilaalinta iyo ammaanka, warshado kala duwan (gaar ahaan aerospace iyo difaaca), soo saaridda ee qalabka caafimaadka, qalabka warshadaha, robotics, tamarta, maareynta gaadiidka, kaabayaasha network, hagaajiyo korontada baabuurta iyo macaamiisha.

VxWorks taageertaa Intel (x86, oo ay ku jirto version cusub ee IntelQuarkSoC iyo x86-64) ah, IPs, PowerPC, SH-4, iyo ARM-naqshadaha. Waxaa la iman a yaruna awood RTOs, middleware, taageero baakadaha add-on ujro ku salaysan iyo farsamooyinka hardware ka saarayaasha kale. In ay arrinta ugu dambeeyey - VxWorks 7 - Nidaamka ayaa la casriyeeyay si ay modularity iyo hagaajinta si yaruna OS waxaa si gooni gooni ah ku jira ka middleware ah, codsiyada, iyo baakadaha kale.

QNX Neutrino

Sidoo kale tusaalooyin classic of noocan ah nidaamyada hawlgalka - qaar ka mid ah qolof Unix-sida. Kaasi waa Neutrino QNX ah, asal ahaan horumariyo 1980, shirkadda Canadian Quantum Software Systems. Ugu dambayntii, horumarinta BlackBerry oo uu ku kasbaday in 2010. QNX waa mid ka mid ah nidaamyada hawlgalka microkernel ganacsi guul ugu horeeyay, taas oo loo isticmaalayo in qalabka kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan baabuurta iyo telefoonada gacanta.

FreeRTOS

FreeRTOS waa OS nuclear-waqtiga dhabta ah oo caan ah gundhig qalabka, kaas oo ay ku raran 35 microcontrollers. Waxa ay gaareysaa hoos liisanka GPL la xadaynta dheeraad ah oo ka reeban optional. Xakamaynta mamnuucayaa benchmarking, halka dhaafka saamaxaya kuwa isticmaala inay isticmaalaan code gaar ah la il u xiran yihiin, iyadoo la sii core laftiisa. Waxaa sidaas oo sahlaysa FreeRTOS isticmaalo codsiyada adiga kuu gaar ah.

Windows CE

Windows laka Compact - Waa nidaamka qalliinka ee BAHDDA horumartay "Microsoft" shirkad qoyska laka ka Windows alaabta gudahood ah. Si ka duwan Windows laka Standard, kaas oo ku salaysan yahay Windows NT, waa tusaale ka mid ah nidaamyada hawlgalka isticmaali yaruna hybrid gaar ah. "Microsoft" shirkadda waxay bixisaa shatiga CE Windows for saarayaasha qalabka asalka ah kuwaas oo ka beddeli kartaa iyo in la abuuro interfaces user iyaga u gaar ah, bixinta ku salaysan farsamo for this.