Wasakhda Tani ... GHG - Gas Greenhouse

Greenhouse gas - isku dar ah ee dhowr gaasas Hawada hufan oo aan ku ool ah ma idlaan shucaaca kaamerada dhulka ka. koritaanka fiirsashada keenaysaa in isbedelka caalamka iyo karin a cimilada. Waxaa jira dhawr nooc oo ka mid ah gaasaska ugu muhiimsan ee lagu koriyo. fiirsashada Hawada ee mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah in ay saamayn ku saabsan saamaynta kulka.

Noocyada ugu muhiimsan ee

Waxaa jira dhawr nooc oo ah walxaha gaseous tirsan gaasaska koriyo ugu muhiimsan:

• uumiga biyaha;
• dioxide kaarboon,
• xabagta nitrus,
• methane;
• CFCs;
• PFCs (perfluorocarbons);
• HFCs (hydrofluorocarbons);
• SF6 (hexafluoride baaruud).

Waxaa jira ilaa 30 nooc oo ka mid ah gaasaska keenaya saamayn lagu koriyo ah. Saamaynta habka kaamerada walxaha Earth isticmaali ku xiran tahay tirada iyo xoogga per-celin Britain. By dabiiciga ah ee dhacdo of gaasas lagu koriyo in jawiga u qaybsan yahay dabiiciga ah iyo aadmiga.

uumiga biyaha

gaas A koriyo caadiga ah waa uumiga biyaha. Its lacagta jawi ka wada weyn yahay fiirsashada of carbon dioxide. uumiga biyaha waa asal ahaan dabiiciga ah: arrimaha dibadda ma awoodaan in ay kordhiso saameynta ay deegaanka. Dejisa tirada taagoo biyo evaporating badaha heerkulka iyo hawada.

guryaha Muhiim ah dabeecad u ah uumiga biyaha - beddeli xiriir wanaagsan la carbon dioxide. Waxaa la ogaaday in saamayn lagu koriyo ah, ka dhashay in la sii daayo of carbon dioxide u korodho oo ku saabsan labo jeer ay sabab u tahay saameynta ay uumi ah u taagoo biyo.

Sayidka, uumiga biyaha sida gaaska lagu koriyo ah - waa Hannaan kululaaneysa jawi awood aadmiga. Si loo baaro saamaynta ay ku leedahay lagu koriyo ah waa geedi socodka kaliya ee isku dhafan oo sifooyinka xiriir wanaagsan la dioxide kaarboon ka. keligeed, uumiga biyaha noqonin mid horseeda in isbedel caalamka.

carbon dioxide

Waxaa degan meel keentay ka mid ah gaasaska koriyo asal aadmiga ku. Waxaa la aasaasay in ku saabsan 65% of kululaaneysa ee caalamka ay sabab u tahay in la kordhiyo qiiqa ee carbon dioxide jawi dhulka ee. Arrinta ugu weyn ee sii kordhaya fiirsashada gaaska waa, dabcan, wax soo saarka iyo hawlaha aadanaha farsamo.

sari Shiidaalka qaadataa kaalinta koowaad (86% wadarta qiiqa carbon dioxide) ka mid ah ilaha warshadu hawada ee carbon dioxide hawada. Sababo kale oo ka mid ah gubashadii of dabdhaliyayaasha - inta badan kaymaha - iyo qiiqa warshadaha.

gaaska nooluhu Carbon - waa xoog la driving ugu waxtarka badan ee kululaaneysa ee caalamka. Marka in jawiga of carbon dioxide dhigaysa waddo dheer iyada oo dhamaan lakabyada ay. Waqtiga loo baahan yahay in meesha laga saaro 65% laga soo qaatay bacda hawada dioxide kaarboon waxaa la yiraahdaa muddada ku ool ah joogista. gaasas lagu koriyo in jawiga sida carbon dioxide kaydiyaa for 50-200 s. Waa muddo dheer oo ay goobjoog ka ahaayeen carbon dioxide deegaanka door aad u weyn in saamayn lagu koriyo ah.

methane

Hawada hab dabiici ah oo aadmiga. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in ay fiirsashada waa xaddi badan hoose ee carbon dioxide, falalka methane sida gaaska more la taaban karo ee lagu koriyo. 1 Britain methane waxaa lagu qiimeeyaa in hab ay of saamayn lagu koriyo ah waa 25 jeer ka xoog badan Britain carbon dioxide.

Currently, jawiga waxa ku jira oo ku saabsan 20% methane (100% of gaasas lagu koriyo ah). Kiimikaysan methane galo qiiqa hawada ka saarka ah. farsamo formation gaaska dabiiciga ah waxaa loo arkaa daatay-dhaafka ah ee walxaha organic iyo sari-dhaafka ah ee dabdhaliyayaasha kaynta.

Nitric Oxide, (I)

xabagta nitrus waxaa loo tixgeliyaa sida gaaska nooluhu ugu muhiimsan saddexaad. Macluumaadkaan waxaa uu saameyn xun ku lakabka Allena ka. Waxaa la helay in ku saabsan 6% of saamayn lagu koriyo ah lagu tiriyaa monovalent xabagta nitrogen ah. Xarunta ka shaqeeya 250 jeer ka xoog badan carbon dioxide.

monoxide Dinitrogen u muuqataa in dhulka jawi in hab dabiici ah. Waxay leedahay ururka wanaagsan leh daaha Allena: ugu weyn fiirsashada of xabagta ah, heerka sare halligaadda. Dhinaca mid, geedi socodka yaraadan Allena yaraynaysaa saamayn lagu koriyo ah. Isla mar ahaantaana, shucaaca radioactive ee wax badan oo halis u ah caalamka. Doorka Allena in nidaamka caalamiga ah ee kululaaneysa waxaa bartay, iyo ra'yiga khubaro ah oo ku saabsan mowduucan kala qaybsan yihiin.

PFCs iyo HFCs

Consort la bedelay qayb ka mid ah fluorine in qaab dhismeedka kelli - a gaasas lagu koriyo oo asal ahaan aadanaha. Saamaynta of walxaha sida habka kululaaneysa ee caalamka si wadajir ah wuxuu ku saabsan yahay 6%.

PFCs hawada taasoo keentay in wax soo saarka ee aluminium, qalabka korontada iyo walxaha mileyaal kala duwan. HFCs yihiin xeryahooda, taas oo hydrogen waxaa qayb ahaan lagu bedelay halogens. Loo isticmaalo wax soo saarka iyo in aerosols si uu u bedelo walxaha Allena yareynta. Hayso suuraggalnimo sare oo caalami ah kululaaneysa, laakiin waa ammaan for jawiga dhulka.

hexafluoride baaruud

Loo isticmaalaa sidii wax ningax in industry ee korontada. Connection muddo dheer u muuqdaan in ay ku adkaysato in jawiga, taas oo keenta in nuugista dheer iyo ballaaran ee rays infrared. Xitaa qadar yar oo ah hexafluoride baaruud weyn u saameeya gobolka cimilada ee mustaqbalka.

saamayn aqalka dhirta lagu koriyo

Geedi socodka oo laga dheehan karo ma aha oo kaliya on Earth, laakiin on Venus soo socda. Its jawi waxaa ay hadda ka kooban oo gebi of carbon dioxide, taasoo keentay in la kordhiyo heerkulka dusha in 475 digrii. Khubarada waxay aaminsan yihiin in si looga fogaado in qaddar ka mid ah dhulka ka caawiyay badaha: qayb qaadashada carbon dioxide, waxay kaa caawin karaan waxay baabiin ka hawada daarmayaay'e.

Qiiqa ee gaasaska koriyo in ay helaan block jawi shucaaca kaamerada, taas oo horseedaysa in la kordhiyo heerkulka on Earth ka. kululaaneysa ee caalamka waxay keeni kartaa in ay cawaaqib xun ee foomka of sii kordhaya aagga of the badaha, masiibooyinka dabiiciga ah inta badan soo noqnoqda iyo roobab. Under hanjabaad noqday jiritaanka noocyada meelaha xeebaha iyo jasiiradaha.

In 1997, Qaramada Midoobay qaatay Kyoto Protocol ka, kaas oo loogu talagalay in lagu xakameeyo cadadka qiiqa dalka reer gobol kasta. Deegaanka ay aaminsan yihiin in waxa aan la si buuxda u xaliyaan dhibaatada of kululaaneysa ee caalamka waa hore u guulaystay, laakiin si weyn u yareyno geedi socodka socda ee waa suurto gal.

hababka xaddidaadda

gaaska nooluhu sii daayo waa la dhimi karaa iyadoo la raacayo xeerar dhawr:

• baabi'iyo isticmaalka hawlqabad la'aan xoogga korontada,
• kordhiyo tayada khayraadka dabiiciga ah,
• kordhiyo tirada kaymaha, wakhtiga looga hortago dabka kaynta,
• isticmaali tiknolojiyada bay'adda u fiican ee wax soo saarka;
• inay soo bandhigto isticmaalka ilaha tamarta la cusboonaysiin karo ama neuglerodovodorodnyh.

gaasas lagu koriyo waxaa timaada in Russia oo xidhiidh la leh jiilka awood ballaaran ka, macdanta iyo horumarinta warshadaha.

Hawsha ugu wayn ee sayniska waa been abuurtay iyo sal-dhigida ee shidaalka nadiif ah, horumarinta hab cusub oo si baaraandegidda qalabka qashinka. dibuhabaynta tartiib ah heerka wax soo saarka, gacanta adag ee ka howgala farsamo iyo ixtiraam walba oo deegaanka si weyn hoos ugu dhigi kartaa qiiqa. kululaaneysa ee caalamka aan la iska ilaaliyaa, balse hanaanka waa iuu si loo xakameeyo.