Caafimaadka, Dawada
Xalinta tijaabada dhiigga ee baaritaanka dhiigga ee dadka waaweyn (miiska). Baadhitaanka dhiigga dhiigga ee carruurta: tilmaamayaasha, caadada
Qof kasta oo doonaya inuu ogaado haddii uu la leeyahay caafimaadka. Si arrintan loo sameeyo, waxaa jira nidaam baaritaanada shaybaarka, kaas oo ay tahay in degree badan oo ah xaqiiq la odhan karaa oo ku saabsan xaaladda dhabta ah ee bukaanka ah. Ka mid ah kuwa ugu badan oo la odhan karaa falanqayn lagmamaarmaanna u ah dhiig. In dadka waaweyn iyo carruurta, imtixaanka shaybaarka this ayaa tilmaamaya laga yaabaa in joogitaanka cudurada qarsoon oo ku siin doonaa fursad in loo soo sheego gobolka ee caafimaadka guud ahaan.
Noocan ah cilmi waa mid aad wargelin ah. Waa ma aha oo kaliya ka caawisaa si ay u aqoonsadaan cudur kasta, laakiin sidoo kale waxay bixisaa macluumaad ku saabsan waxa vitamins, minerals iyo waxyaabaha kale ee muhiimka ah dhiman jidhka bini'aadamka.
Laakiin uma maleynayo in noocan ah ee baaritaanka dhiigga loo xilsaaray kaliya hoos cabashooyinka qaarkood. Xitaa haddii bukaanka ah ayaa dareensan in lagu qanci karo, Kiimikada noole dhiig Muujin foomamka maqan iyo marxaladaha hore ee cudurka ama la'aanta walxaha muhiim ah.
Sidee doonaan Falanqaynta
amarka bixinta ee wax loogu daraasadda leeyahay xeerar u gaar ah. Ka hor inta aad u tagto xarun caafimaad oo loogu talogalay baaritaankaan, bukaanka waa in aanay cunin ama cabin, aan xitaa biyo.
Waayo, kormeerka farsamo qaadataa bukaanka 5 ml oo dhiig ah ka arooriyaha cubital. Tijaabada waxaa loo sakhiray in baaritaanka oo dhamaystiran, iyo natiijada waxaa loo soo galay in foom u gaar ah. Deciphering falanqaynta lagmamaarmaanna u ah ee dhiigga ee dadka waaweyn (miiska ku cad qodobkan) waa il wanaagsan ee ay xogta dhakhtarka. Waa inay awoodaan inay bixiyaan macluumaad dhamaystiran oo ku saabsan xaaladda bukaanka.
isu By, tirooyinka ay bixiyaan macluumaad yar foomka. In si ay u si dhab maqsuud natiijada, dhakhtarku wuxuu u baahan yahay in ay qaataan for barbar heerarka imtixaanka shaybaarka. Kiimikada noole oo dhiig ah ka dibna uu noqon doonaa mid cad.
Mid kasta oo ka shuruudaha falanqaynta ma laha heerka si cad loo qeexay.
Deciphering falanqaynta lagmamaarmaanna u ah ee dhiigga ee dadka waaweyn - miis oo la tilmaamay by dhowr ah oo caddaalad ah oo waaweyn alaabta. Ha ka fikiro si aynu shuruudaha ugu muhiimsan ee waxbarasho shaybaarka this.
albumin
Albumin - walax dabiiciga ah protein, kaasoo lagu soo saaro beerka aadanaha. Waa borotiinka dhiigga oo waaweyn oo ku qarisay in koox oo kala duwan, kuwaas oo "jajab protein". Isbeddelka ku ratio ee kooxaha sida waa mid aad wargelin ah in dhakhtarka. Inta badan, natiijooyinka cabiraada xaaladda kelyaha xaakinka albumin, joogitaanka kansarka ama laabotooyinka.
Albumin waxaa xoogaa hoos haweenka uurka leh iyo kuwa nuujinaya, iyo sidoo kale sigaarka. walax Tani proteinaceous laga yaabaa in uruuray hooseeyo marka sooman cunto protein dhammaaday, daawooyinka hormoonnada iyo uurka. Qiimaha sii kordhaya ee imtixaanka this tilmaamaya karaa jiritaanka:
- heley beerka nooca ba'an iyo chronic (cirrhosis, hepatitis, burada);
- dhaawacyo iyo gubasho,
- sepsis, caabuq ama suppuration;
- laabotooyinka,
- qandhooyinka;
- wadnaha,
- kansarka,
- daawooyinka dawadu ka badato.
tirooyinka albumin caadi yihiin:
| da'da bukaanka | Saamiga, g / l |
| carruurta | 37 - 53 |
| 60 sano | 36 - 51 |
| da 'wayni ka mid ah 60 sano iyo wixii ka sareeya | 35 - 47 |
Total protein
Borotiin - wax a polymeric ka kooban acids amino. In muddo Kiimikada noole "protein total" waxaa ka mid ah cadadka protein ah ee serum dhiigga wuxuuna ka kooban yahay albumin iyo globulins. tilmaame Tani waa wargelin lagu ogaado cudurrada beerka, mareenka caloosha iyo mindhicirka, kansarka iyo in dhaawacyo gubasho daran. qiyaas taranta of protein guud kelmadaha doona gorfayn lagmamaarmaanna u ah ee dhiigga ee dadka waaweyn, kuwaas oo la siiyo shaxda hoose.
| Age of bukaanka | Saamiga, g / l |
| dhallaanka | 48 - 73 |
| ilaa 1 sano | 45 - 71 |
| 1-4 sano | 62 - 73 |
| 5-7 sano | 51 - 77 |
| Carruurta ka 8 ilaa 15 sano | 59 - 75 |
| dadka waaweyn | 65 - 84 |
Haddii falanqaynta ayaa cadaynaynin of tirooyinkan, waxaana dhihi karaa ka socda ee ku saabsan dhibaatooyinka bukaanka:
- cudurada faafa;
- cudurada rheumatic;
- kansarka.
In carruurta, kor u qaadidda heerka guud ee borotiin ah waxaa la socda xanibaadii xiidmaha, shuban iyo matag, daacuunka iyo gubashada daran.
Haddii qof ayaa tijaabada chemistry dhiig this dhimay, waxaa laga odhan karaa oo ka mid ah cudurada soo socda:
- ifafaale bahal ah ee beerka taas oo keeni in la yareeyo wax soo saarka protein by jidhkan;
- glomerulonephritis;
- pankreatit;
- khaladaad jirta marinka dheef shiidka.
Sida caadiga ah, protein guud ahaan hoos u dhacay dadka qaba dhiig oo waaweyn, gubasho daran, dhaawac iyo geedi socodka bararka kala duwan, iyo sidoo kale soonka iyo jimicsiga weyn.
protein C-Waxyeelo
Tani waxay muujinaysaa qayb bararka, cudurka, joogitaanka dulin. Tan iyo shaqo ee borotiinka - abaabulka ee difaaca, oo ay fiirsashada bilaabaa inuu soo maratay kordhiyo inta lagu guda jiro muujinta falcelinta jidhka. Sida caadiga ah, fiirsashada CRP of 0.5 mg / l ah.
Waayo, falanqaynta CRP dhakhtarka waxaa muhiim ah in cudurka cudurada ay keento bakteeriyada ama fayras. Sidoo kale, u dhaqdhaqaaqa of tilmaame la joogo waxaa lagu xukumay on waxtarka therapy ah. fiirsashada CRP kacsantahay arkay at:
- laabotooyinka,
- cudurada of nidaamka dheefshiidka,
- qaaxada;
- Wadnaxanuun myocardial;
- kansarka,
- meningitis,
- sepsis;
- dhibaatooyin qalitaanka ka dib.
fiirsashada CRP waxaa kor u kacay intii lagu sii daridda cudurka chronic.
hemoglobin glycosylated
Hemoglobin ayaa mas'uul ka ah gaadiidka ee u taagoo oxygen jirka oo dhan. Inta lagu guda jiro waxaa dheer in ay u taagoo protein sida of glucose helay walax yeedhay glycated haemoglobin. koror ay fiirsashada ee dhiigga - sabab in diabetes tuhunsan yahay. caadi ah ee content protein ah - 4,1-6,6%. tirooyinka Hoose waa in wakhti dheer cuntola'aan sii dheer cuntada iyo jimicsiga weyn.
myoglobin
protein Tani waxay la mid tahay in shaqada si haemoglobin ah. Waxaa gaadhsiiya ogsajiinta wadnaha iyo murqaha lafaha. Heerarka myoglobin, ug / l:
- dumar ah - 13-75;
- lab - 18-92,1.
Kordhinta in myoglobin dhiig leeyahay,
- cudurka kalyaha;
- Wadnaxanuun myocardial;
- dhaawacyo, gubashada,
- ifafaale convulsive.
Myoglobin sidoo kale waxaa sii kordhaya ee ciyaaraha iyo therapy la elekroimpulsov.
protein dhiig Tani waxay hoos u marka:
- polymyositis;
- daweeyay gravis;
- arthritis rheumatoid;
- reactions, shalalka.
Transferrin, birta, zhelezosvertyvayuschaya serum awoodda
Transferrin - protein ah ayaa mas'uul ka ah gaadiidka birta. Norm jira - 2,1-4,12 g / l. Its fiirsashada waxaa Qolol in haweenka uurka leh iyo waa la dhimay ee dadka waayeelka ah.
Haddii Kiimikada noole dhiig tusay content sii kordhaya ee transferrin, waxay astaan u noqon kartaa cudurada soo socda:
- caabuq;
- gubasho,
- kansarka,
- cirrhosis,
- bir ah xad-dhaaf ah;
- hemochromatosis.
transferrin kordhay ayaa muujinaya dhiig yaraanta birta.
Birta - protein ah in laga helo oo dhan dheecaannada jidhka iyo unugyada jirka aadanaha. Waxa ay muujinaysaa in joogitaanka dukaamada bir ah. beegyada uu Caadiga ah birta, L / ng dhiigga ku xiran tahay dhulka wuxuuna ka kooban yahay:
- lab - 21-252;
- haweenka - 11-122;
At heerka sare waxaa suurtagal ah in laga hadlo ka heley soo socda:
- hemochromatosis la dollar bir ah;
- kansarka, leukemia,
- cudurrada faafa iyo bararka ee joogtada ah ama ba'an;
- cudurka beerka,
birta Low ayaa muujinaya joogitaanka anemia.
CSH soo jeedisay sida ku qabanaya bir ah in transferrin. Si loo go'aamiyo isticmaalka fikradda anemia of LSC qarsoon. Heerka for this Faraj 22-61 mol / l. Its hoos u dhac waa at:
- hepatitis;
- anemia.
Dhimista ee CSH ah ayaa lagu arkay hoos shuruudaha soo socda:
- cudurrada faafa;
- barar,
- nephrosis;
- daal,
- cirrhosis,
- hemochromatosis iyo thalassaemia.
factor rheumatoid
Waxyaabahani waxaa iska leh fasalka immunoglobulin ee G-lgG. Waa hooyo u borotiinada jidhka aadanaha in ay yihiin qaadheen oo bilaabay in ay aqoonsadaan unugyada xubnaha kala duwan sida shisheeye sarkhaansan yihiin fayrusyada.
- cirrhosis,
- kansarka,
- polymyositis;
- arthritis rheumatoid;
- dermatomyositis;
- cudurka;
- lupus erythematosus oo nidaamsan.
ensaymes
Deciphering falanqaynta lagmamaarmaanna u ah ee dhiigga ee dadka waaweyn, miiska waxaa la siiyaa bukaanka on gacmaha, sidoo kale waxaa ku jira xog ku saabsan content ee taranta oo ka mid ah ensaymes soo socda:
- Amylase. enzyme Tan waxaa lagu sii daayay oo candhuuftii (diastase) iyo beeryarada. Last yeedhay amylase ganaca. Diastase lagu gartaa xeerarka 29-101 U / L. Aad iyo aad this tirada show cillado beeryarada, cholecystitis, peritonitis ba'an, qaamo-qashiirka iyo sonkorowga. amylase ganaca waa caadi, haddii ay ku dhax taalaa 0-52 U / L. -fiirsashada sare ee hadalka ku saabsan heley ganaca.
- dehydrogenase Lactate - Insaymkaas ah in laga heli karo ku dhowaad dhammaan xubnaha iyo unugyada. Iyadoo da'da, fiirsashada uu hoos u dhaco. Haddii dhasha waa content ee LDH 2010 U / L, ka dib 12 sano, iska caadi ah waa la dhimay si 252 U / L. -fiirsashada sare ee enzyme this muujinaysaa hypoxia, wadnaha iyo xididdada dhiigga cudurada, beerka, sambabada, iyo waxay muujin kartaa kansarka.
- Creatine tyrosinkinashämmare - Insaymkaas ah oo bixiya muruqyada tamarta. content ee wax this muujinaysaa falanqaynta lagmamaarmaanna u ah dhiig. Xeerarka jirrabo of enzyme this kala duwan yihiin waxay ku xiran tahay da'da iyo jinsiga. Haddii aad qabto dhallaan ah, tilmaame, kanu wuxuu ahaa 650 U / L, dadka waaweyn - oo ku saabsan 202 U / L.
fiirsashada soo korodha wadahadalo CK ku saabsan xanuunnada wadnaha, tetanus, hypothyroidism, cudurrada habdhiska dhexe iyo kansarka. fiirsashada of enzyme waa la dhimay inta lagu jiro Dystrophy muruqa iyo jimicsi la'aan.
content ee falgalka iyo kuwo kale oo ku siin doona fikrad falanqayn lagmamaarmaanna u ah dhiig. Kiimikada noole oo dhiig ah ayaa sidoo kale sheegi kartaa fiirsashada oo ka mid ah ensaymes soo socda: alanine aminotransferase, gamma - GT, AST, esterase, xumadoodu phosphatase iyo lipase.
subaga
Tilmaameyaasha ugu muhiimsani waxay tahay falanqaynta iyo subaga lagmamaarmaanna u dhiig mmol / l:
- kolestaroolkaaga guud, caadi ah ee 3,2-6,12;
- LDL, iska caadi ah, waayo, nin - 2,26-4,81, loogu tala galay dumarka - 1,9-4,51;
- kolestaroolka HDL, iska caadi ah, waayo, dadkii 0,73-1,74 loogu tala galay dumarka - 0,87-2,27.
tirooyinka buunbuuniyo oo shuruudaha hadlaan oo ku saabsan cudurada oo ka mid ah wadnaha iyo xididada dhiiga, kelyaha, turqo, aan caadi ahayn ganaca, cayilka, anorexia iyo Khamriga. Hoos u caddayn la egyahay ee anemia, wadnaha, cudurada, cirrhosis iyo kansarka beerka, cudurrada sambabada.
carbohydrates
Shaxda falanqaynta lagmamaarmaanna u ah dhiig, kelmadaha ah oo aan dan ee bukaan oo dhan, sidoo kale waxaa ku jira macluumaad ku saabsan content ee carbohydrates:
- Glucose. Waa arrin muhim ah in cudurka sonkorowga. Caadooyinka of glucose ee dhiiga, mol / L waa: in caruurta iyo dhalinyarada - 3,34-5,6; dadka waaweyn - 3,95-5,82; ka dib 60 sano - 6.4. The content carbohydrate sare of this ka hadlaysaa nno hormoonada jidhka, sonkorowga, wadne iyo stroke, cudurrada ku taasha iyo kelyaha. glucose hoos u muujinaysaa cudurada of caloosha iyo mindhicirka mareenka, sumowga iyo hypothyroidism.
- Fructosamine waa Faraj ee cudurka sonkorowga mellitus iyo qiimeynta tayada ay daaweynta. xad-fiirsashada Its - 203-282 mmol / l. In the case of qiimaha sare waa caadi ahayn kelyaha, sonkorowga ama hypothyroidism. At uruureen hoose ee kiiska fructosamine cuduro tayroodh iyo kelyaha.
pigments
Ka mid ah tilmaamayaasha kale ee falanqaynta ee "Kiimikada noole dhiig," waxaad ka heli kartaa sumaddii "bilirubin" ah. Waxaa lagu qiyaasay in mmol / l iyo waa dhawr nooc:
- Direct. Norma 0-3,32;
- Guud ahaan. Norm 3,38-17,23.
bilirubin kordhay muujinaysaa aan caadi ahayn beerka iyo yaridu ay vitamin B12.
qaybaha kale ee kimistari dhiig
dhakhtar kasta waxa uu fikrad sida loo rayi falanqaynta lagmamaarmaanna u ah dhiig, sida caadiga ah (Jadwalka: dadka waaweyn iyo carruurta) ee qayb kasta oo loo baahan yahay si ay u qiimeeyaan xaaladda bukaanka. Intaa waxaa dheer, kuwaas oo ka kooban in liiska natiijada cilmi-baarista shaybaarka waxaa ka mid ah:
| tilmaame | cutub oo cabbirka | caadi |
| kariyaatiniin | mmol / l | ilaa hal sano - 17-36 ka hal sano ilaa 14 sano - 28-61 dumar ah - 52-98 lab - 61-116 |
| uric acid | ilaa 14 sano - 1,83-6,42 lab - 210-420 haweenka - 151-352 | |
| HOL | mmol l | ilaa 14 sano - 1,83-6,42 dadka waaweyn 14-60 sano - 2,51-6,42 ka dib 60 sano - 2,91-7,52 |
| potassium | ilaa hal sano - 4,12-5,31 1-14 sano - 3,42-4,72 dadka waaweyn - 3,51-5,54 | |
| calcium | 2,23-2,52 | |
| sodium | 136-145 | |
| chlorine | 98-107 | |
| magnesium | 0,63-1,12 | |
| fosfooraska | ilaa 2 sano - 1,46-2,15 2-12 sano - 1,45-1,77 dadka waaweyn 12-60 sano - 0,88-1,46 Haweenka 60 sano ka dib - 0,9-1,33 Nin 60 sano ka dib - 0,73-1,22 | |
| birta | mmol / l | ilaa hal sano - 7,22-17,92 1-14 sano - 9,03-21,52 dumar ah - 9,0-30,4 lab - 11,63-30,42 |
| Witham B12 | bogga / ml | 180-900 |
| folic acid | ng / ml | 3,1-18 |
In qiimeeyo waafaqsan xogta ka daraasadda of chemistry dhiig helay, daruuri tixgeliyaan heerarka shaybaarka halkaas falanqaynta waxaa lagu sameeyaa. Si loo ogaado waxa dhabta ah, dhakhtarka ayaa loo baahan yahay in uu magacaabo cilmi dheeraad ah.
Similar articles
Trending Now