Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District: caasimadda, degmooyinka iyo magaalooyinka

Wareegtada waqooyiga - qurux iyo fog. Qeexitaanadani waxay si buuxda ugu adeegsanayaan Degmada Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District. Dhulkan, oo ku wareegsan dabiiciga ah, sida ku cad dhaqanka awoowayaashooda, dadka asaliga ah waxay ku nool yihiin, iyo macdano hodan ah ayaa lagu horumariyaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo teknoolojiyada casriga ah. Yamal marwalba wuxuu soo jiitay dadka safarka leh muuqaalkiisa gaarka ah. Halkan, habka ugu yaabka badan, isku dar midabka qorraxda iyo dabeecadda dabeecadda, darnaanta cimilada iyo martigalinta dadka maxaliga ah, palette fantastic ee dayrta iyo cadowga aamusan ee jiilaalka. Saynisyahanno sida Yamal ee hanti dhaqameed iyo dabeecad gaar ah. Sidaa daraadeed, dhamaanteed waxaa la yiraahdaa Yamalo-Nenets Örejug Okrug (caasimadda Salekhard) si ay ugu raaxaystaan hawada ugu sarraysa oo ay u aragto quruxda dariiqyada fog ee waddankeena waaweyn.

Juquraafi

Ruushku waa qurux iyo hodan: Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District waa muraayad madow ee qaybta waqooyiga ee dalkeenna. Oo waxay ku nooshahay wax ka badan ama aan ka yarayn - 770,000 oo kiilomitir oo kiilomitir waqooyiga Siberian ah. Degmada waxaa ka mid ah: Gydan Peninsula, Taz Peninsula iyo, Dabcan, Jasiiradda Yamal. Degmooyinka badankood waxay ku yaalaan gadaasha Arctic Circle. From YANAO woqooyi maydhay Sea Kara ah, in gobolka Khanty-Mansiysk u xiga koonfureed, deriska bari - ka Taimyr iyo Degmada Banaan Evenki, galbeed waxay xuduud la leh gobolka Arkhangelsk iyo Republic of Komi. Caawinta YaNAO waxaa loo qaybin karaa si cad iyo buur. Dhammaan saddexda qalin-jebin ayaa lagu dhuftay biyo yar yar, hollows, dooxooyin iyo tuulooyin. Qeybta buuruhu waxay u egtahay laba boqol oo kilomitir oo leh dhuuban cidhiidhi ah oo ku yaal Urdun Polar. Cimilada Yamal waa ciriiri ah oo koonfur ah, oo aad u daran, oo loo qaybiyay seddex aag: suunka woqooyiga ee galbeedka Siberian, subkutarka iyo Arctic. Dadku waxay qiyaastii ku dhawaad 500,000 oo qof oo ah cufnaanta in ka yar hal qof halkii kilomitir oo isku wareeg ah.

Flora

Daboolka dhirta ee ku yaalla Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District wuxuu leeyahay aag ballaadhan oo ciriiri ah. Waxaa jira shan goobo dhulbeereed: waqooyiga taiga, keynta-tundra, geed, moss-lichen iyo tundra arctic. Dhulka woqooyiga, aagga arctic, dhirta waa mid aad u yar. Halkan waxaad ka heli kartaa oo kaliya mosses, lichens iyo sedge. In tundra dhirta-lichen, duurka yar iyo xawaashka isku qasan koray. Aagga xiga (tundra tufta) bjørk iyo dhirbaaxada ayaa koraan, wabiyada - berry iyo boqoshaada. Waxaa jira qulqulooyin badan iyo webiyada yar yar ee keynta-tundra. Halkan, bjørk, ceel, iyo qoryaha yaryar koraan. Goobta koonfureed ee degmada Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District - taiga, waxaa jira harooyin badan, qulqulo, webiyo. Dhulka oo dhan waxaa lagu daboolaa iftiin cufan iyo kaymo mugdi ah.

Fauna

Haddii adduunka dhirta ee YaNAO ay ku filan tahay, markaa adduunka xayawaanku waa hodan iyo kala duwanaansho. Soddon sideed sideed naasley ah waxay ku nool yihiin shan degmo oo cimilada ah ee degmada. Badankooduna waa hareeraha iyo jiirka - afar iyo toban nooc. Shan magacyo ah oo khafiif ah, saddex - cayayaanka, laba - caleemo. Labaatan nooc oo xayawaanka dhogorta leh ayaa muhiim u ah ganacsiga.

Kheyraadka dabiiciga ah ee waxtar

Degmada Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District (caasimadda Salekhard) waxay caan ku tahay kaydka kaydka ah ee loo yaqaan hydrocarbon. Halkan, qiyaastii boqolkiiba 78% kaydka wadarta saliidda iyo gaasta Ruushka waa mid xooggan. YaNAO waa saldhigga ugu weyn ee kheyraadka dunida ee loogu talagalay carbeed. Horumarinta wax soo saarka alaabta ceeriin qiimaha leh waxaa lagu sameeyaa gaaska Nakhodkinsky iyo Urengoi, Ety-Purovsky, Yuzhno-Russkoye, Yamburgskoye saliidda. YaNAO, qiyaastii 8% wadarta guud ee "madow" iyo ku dhowaad 80% "dahab buluug" ayaa la soo saaraa sanadkiiba. Ururada Polar-ka, chromium, molybdenum, kalay, birta, macdanta, fosfooritaha, barite iyo macdano kale ayaa la gooyaa.

Dadka asaliga ah ee reer Yamalo-Nenets Oreg

Hadda degmada Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District waxaa jira 20 qof. Laakiin dadka asaliga ah ee asaliga ah waa Khanty, Nenets, Selkup iyo Komi-Izhemtsi, kuwaas oo ku noolaa dhulkan tan iyo wakhtigii loogu talagalay. Inta soo hartey ayaa degay kaliya qeybtii labaad ee qarnigii labaatanaad. Tani waxay sabab u tahay horumarinta xilligii Midowgii Soofiyeeti ee Waqooyiga Faransiiska.

Khanty: dadkani waagii hore waxay ku noolayd degaannada Khanty-Mansiysk iyo degmooyinka Yamal-Nenets. Dhaqanka, luqadda iyo caadooyinka dadkani waa mid aad uwanaagsan. Tani waxay sabab u tahay xaqiiqda ah in Khanty ay degeen dhul dhul ballaaran oo sidaas awgeed ay noqotay mid aad u firfircoon.

Nenets deggan dhulka ballaaran ee Russia - of Peninsula Taimyr ee xeebaha Badweynta Arctic ah. Dadkani waxay ka soo guuray Koonfurta Siberia billowgii kowaad ee taariikhdeena. Wuxuu loola jeedaa kooxda Samoyed.

Waxaa la og yahay in dadka Komi ku nool dhulka this si aan Millennium BC Dadkani waxay u qaybsan yihiin waqooyiga iyo koonfurta. Markii ugu horeysay ee laga soo bilaabo wakhtiga gaaban waxay ku hawlan yihiin taranka taranka, kalluumeysiga iyo ugaadhsiga. Dambiilayaashu waxay ahaayeen kuwo kufsi iyo kaluumeyaal.

Selkups waa dadka ugu badan ee waqooyiga. Selkups caadiyan ku hawlan kalluumeysiga iyo ugaadhsiga. Wakiilada ka tirsan dadka ku noolaa waddooyinka dheeraadka ah, ayaa weli ah muqdisho.

Xarunta maamulka

Caasimadda Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District waa magaalada Salekhard. Waxay ku taalaa bangiyada Labaad (dhanka midig). Magaaladu waxay ku taala Arctic Circle (kan keliya ee adduunka ah). Dadku waxay ku dhowaad 40 kun oo qof. Magaalada waxaa la asaasay 1595. Markii hore waxay ahayd qalab yar oo loo yaqaan Obdorskiy. Sanad nus qarni ka dib markii la aasaasay, deganayaasha joogtada ah ayaa halkan ka muuqda. Tan iyo 1923, tuulada Obdorsk waxay noqotay xaruntii degmada Obdorskac ee gobolka Ural. Dhab ahaantii 1930kii tuulada waxaa la siiyay xaaladda xarunta maamulka ee degmada Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District. Saddex sano kadib, Obdorsk waxaa loo magacaabay Salekhard. Maanta degmada Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District, oo ah caasimadda AO, gaar ahaan, waxay ku socotaa qadiyad deg deg ah. Magaaladu waxay leedahay ganacsiyo badan: Yamalzoloto, dekedda webiga, canjiska kalluunka, Yamalflot iyo kuwa kale. Matxafka Yamal-Nenets Okrug Museum iyo Complex Complex ayaa laga furay magaalada, halkaas oo ah xarun bandhig, matxaf ku yaal laybereeriga degmada iyo maktabadda sayniska. Dib ugu noqoshada Salekhard waa Hantidhawrka Degmada - waa miisaaniyad dowladeed oo ka kooban dhaqanka degmada Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District. Caasimadda YaNAO, waxaa jira laan badan oo jaamacado kala duwan ah. Waa in la ogaadaa in degmada Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District (caasimadda Salekhard) ay dhibaato ka haysato helitaanka internetka. Xaqiiqdu waxay tahay in gobolka uusan wali helin shabakadda fiber-optic.

Magaalooyinka iyo degmooyinka degmada Yamalo-Nenetsk

Dhismaha YANAO toddoba degmo, sideed magaalo, shan Magaalo , iyo kow iyo afartan maamul ee tuullo. Degmooyinka Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District: Yamal, Shuryshkarskiy, Tazovsky, Purovsky, Priuralsky, Nadym iyo Krasnoselkup. Sida kor ku xusan, cufnaanta dadka ayaa aad u hooseeya. Inkastoo dhul-ballaadhan, waxaa jira magaalooyin aad u yar oo ku yaal degmada Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District. Magaalooyinka: Noyabrsk (97,000), Novy Urengoy (89,8,000), Nadym (45,2 oo kun), Muravlenko (36,4,000), Salekhard (32,9 kun), Labytnangi (26, 7,000), Gubkin (21.1 kun qof). Hoos waxaa ku qoran, qaar ka mid ah magaalooyinka qaar ee Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Region.

Gubkinsky

Magaalada Gubkinsky (Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District) sannadkii 1996 ayaa noqotay magaalo muhiim u ah degmada waxaana loo magacaabay sharafka geologist Gubkin Ivan Mikhailovich. Waxay ku taal barta bidixda ee Pyakupur River oo laba boqol oo kilomitir ka soo wareegtay Arctic Circle. Magaaladan waxaa loo asaasay xarun aasaas u ah horumarinta kaydka shidaalka. Sababtoo ah Gubkinsky (Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District), inta badan, waxay ku takhasustay wax soo saarka saliidda iyo gaaska iyo warshadaynta. Magaaladu si fiican ayey ugu shaqeyneysaa dhalinyarada: waxaa jira xarumo isboorti iyo dhaqameed, dugsi qoob-ka-ciyaaro, waxaa ku yaala studio. Dhallinyaradu waxay fursad u haystaan inay helaan waxbarashadooda degaankooda hooyo.

Muravlenko. Aagga Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Region

Magaalada waxaa la aasaasay sannadkii 1984. Xaaladda degmada ayaa la helay 1990-kii. Waxaa loo magacaabay sharaf injineer injineer ah oo injineerna Muravlenko Viktor Ivanovich. Asaasiga ah miisaaniyadda magaalada waxaa lagu dhameeyaa kharashka shirkadaha saliidda soo saarka saliidda. Muravlenko (Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District) waxaa jira shirkado raadiyaha iyo telefishanka. Wargeysyada: "Our city", "Kopeyka", "Ereyga Saliida".

Noyabrsk. Aagga Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Region

Kadib Novy Urengoy, Noyabrsk waa magaalada labaad ee ugu weyn ee ku yaalla Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Taariikhda aasaaska magaalada ayaa la tixgelin karaa 1973, markii ceelkii hore ee saliida lagu qoday goobta Noyabrsk ee hadda. Laba sano ka dib, dadka degaanka ugu horreeya ayaa halkan yimid, kuwaas oo asal ahaan ka kooban shaqaalaha. Markii 1976, tuulada Noyabrsk waxaa laga heli karaa kaliya khariidado shaqaale saliideed ah, 1982-kii magaalada waxaa la siiyey xaalad degmo degmada ah. Oil, gaaska iyo warshadaha shidaalka si fiican u horumarsan. In ka badan soddon shirkadood ayaa ka shaqeeya arimahan.