Artists of Renaissance ah: liiska ugu fiican

Renaissance - waa dhacdo caadi aheyn ee taariikhda aadanaha. Weligay lahaa sida flash cajiib ah farshaxanka. Sculptors, injineero iyo fanaaniinta ee Renaissance ah (liiska iyaga ka mid ah waa ku weyn yahay, laakiin waxaan ku taaban on ugu caansan), oo magacyadoodiina waa la yaqaan oo dhan, dunida siiyey qiimo shuqullada tahay. dad gaar ah oo gaar ah isu tusay aan garoonka la mid ah, laakiin in dhowr.

Rinjiyeynta hore Renaissance ah

Renaissance waxay leedahay qaab dhismeedka waqti qaraabo. First of dhan waxa ay bilowday in Italy - 1420-1500 sano. Wakhtigan, rinjiyeynta iyo farshaxanka oo dhan guud ahaan ma aha wax badan ka duwan ee la soo dhaafay dhawaan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, markii ugu horeysay ay bilaabaan in ay u muuqdaan xubno ka Qarniyadii classical amaahatay. Oo kaliya sannadihii danbe, sculptors, injineero iyo fanaaniinta ee Renaissance ah (liiska taas oo ah mid aad u ballaaran) sarkhaansan yihiin xaalado nololeed oo casri ah iyo isbeddellada horumar ugu dambeyntii ka tanaasulaan aasaaska Dr Makumbe. Waxay geesinimo ku dhaqmayaan tusaalooyinka ugu fiican ee farshaxan qadiimiga maxaa yeelay, shuqulladoodu, labada guud ahaan iyo si faahfaahsan u gaar ah. magacyadooda waxaa lagu yaqaan in badan, waxay diirada saari doontaa on the shaqsiyad ugu caansan.

Masaccio - hanad ka mid ah rinjiyeynta Yurub

Waxa uu kaalin weyn horumarinta rinjiyeynta, noqon reformer weyn. sayidkiisa Fiorentine waxa uu ku dhashay 1401 in qoyska nin saanac ah farshaxanka, si dareenka dhadhanka iyo rabitaanka in la abuuro ahayd in uu dhiig. At da'da 16-17 sano, wuxuu u dhaqaaqay Florence, halkaas oo uu ka shaqeeyay weydaarsi ka. macalimiinta uu arkaa in ay yihiin by Donatello iyo Brunelleschi - ka sculptors weyn iyo injineero. In iyaga loola xidhiidho oo la wareegay xirfadaha ma saameyn ku yeelan kartaa rinjiile dhallinyarada. Masaccio ugu horeeyay ee amaahatay faham cusub ee qofka aadanaha, taasoo ah dabeecad u, waayo, farshaxan ah. The sayidkiisa labaad - aasaasiga ah ee aragtida toosan. The cilmi shaqo dhab ah ugu horeysay rumaysan "Triptych of San Dzhovenale" (sawirka ugu horeeya), kaas oo la ogaanin in kaniisad yar oo u dhow magaalada, ku dhashay ee Masaccio. Shuqullada ugu muhiimsan yihiin frescoes ee Chapel Brancacci ah, ka go'an in ay taariikhda nolosha St. Butros. artist ayaa ka qaybqaatay abuurista lix iyaga ka mid ah, kuwaas oo: "lacag ka go'dayna," "Eryidda ka Jannada", "Baabtiiskii neophytes", "Qaybinta hantida iyo dhimashada Ananiyas," "Qiyaame Wiilka Te'ofilosow", "St. Peter bogsiiya kuwa hadhka buka" iyo "Saint Peter ee waaxda."

Renaissance fanaaniinta Talyaani - dadka oo gebi ahaanba isaga qudhiisa u hibeeyeen ilaa ay tahay, ma fiiro gaar ah in dhibaatooyinka maalin walba in mararka qaar u horseedi kara badbaadada saboolka ah. No marka laga reebo iyo Masaccio: sayidkiisa cajiib ah goor hore dhintay, isagoo jira da'da 27-28 sano jir, ka tago ka danbeeya alaabta weyn iyo xaddi weyn oo deyn.

Andrea Mantegna (1431-1506)

Tani waa wakiilka dugsiga Padua ee Ranjiilayaasha. Fundamentals of xirfad uu ka aabbihiis korsaday helay. Style waxaa la aasaasay sarkhaansan shuqullada by Masaccio, Andrea del Castagno, Donatello iyo rinjiyeynta uguurtay. Waxaa loo aqoonsaday dhawr qaab adag oo af badan Andrea Mantenya, la Florentines la barbar dhigo. Kan ahaa iyo connoisseur shuqulladii muddada hore ee dhaqanka. Maadaama uu style, ma u eg mid kale ma jiro, ayuu caanka ah sida innovator ah noqday. Shuqulkiisa ugu caansan, "The Dead Masiix", "liibaan Kaysar", "Judith", "Battle of ilaahyo badda", "Parnassus" (sawirka), iwm Laga soo bilaabo 1460 ilaa dhimashadiisii uu ka shaqeeyay sidii rinjiile maxkamadda qoyska ee ugaasyadii reer Gonzaga ah.

Sandro Bottichelli (1445-1510)

Botticelli - anagu, magaca dhabta ah - Filipepi. Jidka artist ee, uu mar ma uu dooran, balse asal ahaan ka baratay farshaxanka dahabka. Shuqullada madax banaan marka hore (dhowr "Madonna") waxaa saamayn ku Masaccio iyo Lippi. Later, sidoo kale ayuu isu kala duwanaayeen sida sawirka, amar bulk ka Florence iman. nooca la safeeyey iyo casri ah ee uu shaqada on xubno Attam ee (images kooban isticmaalaya farsamooyin caadiga ah - daacad ah foomka, midabka, size) waxaa gooni ka dhigay ka fanaaniinta kale ee ka dambeeya waqtiga. A casriga ah ee Leonardo da Vinci iyo Michelangelo dhallinyarada tagay raad dhalaalaysa adduunka ee farshaxanka ( "Birth of Venus" (Sawir), "Spring," "Sujuud of maydku", "Venus iyo Mars", "Christmas", iwm). Uu rinjiyeynta waa daacad ah iyo xasaasi ah, iyo jidka nolosha adag iyo naxdin leh. Aragtida Romantic dunida ugu da 'yar siiyey si ay mysticism iyo uuga diinta at maturity. sano ee la soo dhaafay ee uu noloshiisa Sandro Botticelli waxaa ku nool saboolnimada iyo noqodo.

Erico (Pietro) della Francesca (1420-1492)

rinjiile Talyaani iyo hal wakiil ka badan oo hore Renaissance ee asal ahaan kasoo jeeda Tuscany. style qoraaga, waxaa la sameeyay sarkhaansan dugsiga Fiorentine ka mid ah rinjiyeynta. Waxa intaa dheer in talanti ee artist Piero della ee Francesca lahaa kartida fiican ee xisaabta, iyo sannadihii la soo dhaafay ee uu noloshiisa u ducaysan iyadii, oo isku dayaya in ay link to tahay sare. Natiijada waxa ay aheyd laba khuseeya cilmi ah: "On eego in rinjiyeynta" iyo "buug yar oo ku saabsan shan cunnooyinka adkaha ah oo joogto ah." Habka uu ka duwan yahay iid, wada noolaanshaha iyo deeqda ee images, dheelitirka compositional, khadadka saxda ah iyo in la dhiso, kala duwan oo jilicsan oo midabo. Piero della Francesca waqti cajiib ah, waayo, aqoonta dhinaca farsamada ah rinjiyeynta iyo qoreysa aragti ka badan kasbadeen sharafta sare ka mid ah saffarro uu. The shaqo ugu caansan: "The History of the Queen of Sheba," "Flagellation Masiixa" (eeg sawirka), "Brera Madonna" iyo si bixi.

High Renaissance rinjiyeynta

Haddii Protorenessans iyo casrigii hore socday muddo ku dhow nus qarni iyo qarnigii siday u kala horreeyaan, muddo this daboolayaa kaliya ah labaatankii sano ee yar (ee Italy ka 1500 si ay u 1527). Waxa uu ahaa dhalaalaya, flash a tiray, dunida Galaxy dhan ah dad fara badan, oo isu oo cajiib ah siiyey. Dhamaan laamaha tahay tagaan gacanta ee gacanta, sayidyadooda aad u badan - waxay sidoo kale waa saynisyahano, sculptors, alifay, ma fanaaniinta kaliya ee Renaissance ah. Liiska waa weyn yahay, laakiin sare ee Renaissance ku calaamadsan abuurka ah L. da Vinci, M. iyo R. Santi Buanarotti.

hanad aan caadi ahayn ee da Vinci

Waxaa laga yaabaa in tani ay tahay shaqsiyad ugu aan caadi ahayn oo aad u fiican ee taariikhda dhaqanka dunida. Waxa uu ahaa nin ka mid ah universal ee dareenka buuxda ee erayga, iyo aqoonta uu leeyahay ugu dhamaystiran oo talanti. Rinjiile, sculptor iyo theorist berrinkii tahay, xisaabyahan ah, naqshada, anatomist, astronomer, jirka dadka oo injineer - waa dhan isaga ku saabsan. Waxaa intaa dheer, in kasta oo ka mid ah gobollada Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) cadeeyay sida innovator. Ilaa hadda, waxaa u yimid oo kaliya 15 ka mid ah farshaxankiisa iyo Dakatu badan. Iyadoo koboca cajiib ah oo u harraadsan, waayo, aqoon, wuxuu ahaa dedejisanina, ayuu kaabayaasha dhaqaale habka of garaadka. At da'da yar (20 sano), waxa uu ahaa aqoon u leh sida sayidkiisa ka mid ah Guild of St. Luke. Shuqulladiisa ugu muhiimsan ee fresco steel "Cashadii Ugu Dambaysay" rinjiyeynta "Mona Lisa", "Madonna Benua" (sawirka), "Lady la Ermine ah", iwm

Sawirrada ee Artists of Renaissance - waa failed. Waxay doorteen in ay sii sanamyadooda in sawirada la dad badan. Sidaas daraaddeed, agagaarka is-sawirka of da (sawirka) dood Vinci sii ilaa maantadan la joogo. Yimaadeen version ah in uu u sameeyey at da'da 60 sano. Sida laga soo xigtay biographer ka, ka artist iyo qoraa Vasari, sayidkii weyn dhintay ka soo gaartay uu saaxiib dhow, King Francis waxaan uu Chateau du Clos Luce.

Rafael Santi (1483-1520)

Artist iyo naqshada asal ahaan kasoo jeeda Urbino. Magaciisa farshaxanka si joogta ah loola xiriirinayay fikradda ah ee quruxda falna sanyahay iyo wada noolaanshaha dabiiciga ah. In ka badan nolosha gaaban ah (37 sano), ayuu ka abuuray badan oo farshaxankiisa, rijiyeeyay dunida-caan iyo sawirrada. Stories in uu taswiiran yihiin kuwo aad u kala duwan, laakiin waxa uu mar walba soo jiitay image of Our Lady. Dhammaataan ku habboon Raphael loo yaqaan "sayidkiisa Madonna", gaar ahaan kuwa caanka qoran by ee Rome. In Vatican uu uga shaqeyneysey tan iyo 1508 ilaa dhimashadiisii artist rasmi ah xafiiska maxkamadda le'daan.

Multi-tayo leh, iyo sidoo kale fannaaniin kale oo badan oo weyn oo Renaissance ah, Raphael sidoo kale wuxuu ahaa muhandas, iyo sidoo kale ku hawlan excavations qaddiimiga ah. Sida laga soo xigtay mid ka mid ah version, craze ugu dambeeyey waa in xiriir toos ah la dhimashadii ku timid. Ajnabiga, wuxuu qandaraas ku kabxidda ee qandhadii Roman. Lagu aasay Pantheon ee sayidkiisa weyn. On uu photos is-sawirka.

Michelangelo Buoanarroti (1475-1564)

The dheer 70-sano xirfadiisa ciyaareed ee ninkanu wuxuu ahaa dhalaalaya, ayuu ka tagay si farcankiinna ka curiyay qudhunla'aan ma aha oo kaliya farshaxankiisa, laakiin sidoo kale farshaxan. Like fannaaniin kale oo weyn oo Renaissance ah, Michelangelo ku noolaa waqti buuxa ah dhacdooyinka taariikhiga ah iyo isbedelka. Uu tahay - waa a note weyn final oo dhan Renaissance ah.

Master saaray farshaxan ee kor ku xusan oo dhan farshaxanka kale, laakiin sida qaddar noqon lahaa Ranjiile fiican iyo naqshada. The shuqulkiisa ugu hami iyo aan caadi ahayn waxaa rinjiyaynta Chapel Sistine ah (sawirka) ee madaxtooyada ee Vatican-ka. rijiyeeyay Area ka badan 600 oo mitir oo laba jibbaaran oo ka kooban 300 oo tirooyinka dadka. Waxaa ugu cajiib ah oo caan ah - waa goobta Qiyaame Dambe.

fanaaniinta Renaissance Talyaani lahaa talanti wajiyo badan. Tusaale ahaan, dad yar ogahay in Michelangelo sidoo kale wuxuu ahaa gabayaa weyn. Tani khuseeya uu hanad buuxda laftiisa muujiyey dhamaadka nolosha. About 300 gabayo ayaa ka badbaaday.

Farshaxankiisa ee dabayaaqadii Renaissance ah

Muddada final ku aaddan tahay muddada wakhtiga ka 1530 ilaa 1590-1620 sano. Sida laga soo xigtay Britannica Encyclopedia ah, Renaissance sida muddo taariikhi ah ku dhammaaday xilligii dayrta ee Rome, kaas oo ka dhacay 1527 ahayd qiyaastii waqti this ee Southern Europe guuleystay-Counter toobadda. Catholic for warily eegay freethinking kasta, oo ay ku jiraan dhawaaqayay quruxda ee jirka aadanaha iyo ka soo sarakicidda kuwii farshaxanka muddada qadiimiga ah - in ay tahay in dhamaan waana isla tiirka ka Renaissance ah. Tani waxay keentay in si gaar ah loogu talagalay - Mannerism waxa lagu gartaa khasaaraha ka mid ah wada noolaanshaha ruuxiga ah iyo jirka, nin iyo dabeecadda. Laakiin xitaa in muddo adag this of qaar ka mid ah si fiican u yaqaan Renaissance fanaaniinta abuuray masterpieces ay. iyaga ka mid ah, Antonio da Correggio, Andrea Palladio (tixgeliyo aasaasihii classicism iyo palladianstva) iyo Titian.

Tiziano Vecellio (1488-1490 - 1676 sano)

Wuxuu waxaa loo tixgeliyaa titanium Renaissance, oo ay la socdaan Michelangelo, Raphael iyo da Vinci. Xitaa ka hor ayuu u soo jeestay 30 sano jir ah, Titian ay warkiisii sida "oo ahaa boqorkii dalka Ranjiilayaasha iyo rinjiile boqorrada." Asal ahaan, artist ah rinji mowduucyo mythological iyo Kitaabka Qudduuska ah, oo weliba, waxa uu noqday caan ah sida portraitist weyn. Saffarro rumeysan yahay in in la sawiran burush ah sayidkooda weyn - ka dhigan tahay in la gaaro uu gashado dhimashola'aanta. Markaasaa waxaa taas waa run. popes, boqorrada, cardinals iyo ugaasyadii: amray in Titian ka dadka ugu qadarin iyo sharaf u yimid. Halkan waxaa ku qoran dhowr ka mid ah kuwa ugu fiican u yaqaan, shuqulkiisa: "Venera Urbinskaya", "Kufsiga ee Europa" (sawirka), "Masiix Qaadashada Cross ah", "taajajka la Qodxan", "Pesaro Madonna", "Naag la muraayad," iwm

Wax lagu celceliyo laba jeer. Renaissance The siiyey Insi cajiib ah, dadka aan caadi ahayn. magacyadooda waxaa lagu qoro taariikhda dunida ka mid ah tahay in warqado dahab. Horseedayaashii iyo sculptors, wax qora iyo fanaaniinta ee Renaissance ah - liiska iyaga ka mid ah waa mid aad u ballaaran. Waxaan taabtay kaliya Li, kuwaas oo taariikh dhigay, siday dunida fikradaha of Aragti iyo humanism.