Bank The European Central (Afkhanistan). Shaqooyinka baanka dhexe ee yurubiyanka

Bangiga dhexe ee Yurub - waa bangiga dhexe ee Midowga Yurub iyo euroda. Waxaa la og yahay sida bangiga ugu madax bannaan ee dunida. Waa machadkan dhaqaale wuxuu xaq u leeyahay buuxda si ay go'aan ku saabsan arrimaha la xiriira euro ah. Hay'adda la aasaasay sanadkii 1998. Madaxweynaha ayaa ugu horreeya ee hay'ad maaliyadeed ahaa Wim Duisenberg, oo la doortay muddo 5 sano ah. Bishii Oktoobar 2003, madaxweynaha cusub qaaday Jean-Klod Trishe. Maanta, booska keentay iska leh Mario Draghi.

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Ka dib markii labaad ee Dagaalkii Adduunka bilaabay midoobidda ee Europe. Firfircoonaan ku nidaamsan iyo formation of bannaan ee suuqa hal. In muddo ah ka 1947 si ay u 1957, waxaa si guul leh ayaa la sameeyaa inta lagu jiro is-dhexgalka ee aagga la bixitaanka isku midka ah ee State of Midowga Payments Yurub. In 1957, waxaa jira urur oo ka mid ah dalalka ugu waaweyn Yurub ee Community Dhaqaalaha Yurub. In 1979, EEC ku soo bandhigay lacag caddaan ah shuruud - ECU - waayo degsiimooyinka in mar xidhan dambiil ah lacagaha Yurub. is The on formation of aagga lacagta Yurub, iyo Afkhanistan ah ayaa la saxiixay sanadkii 1988. CB "Central Bank Yurub" muuqday ka dib markii uu soo wareegtay sanadkii 1992 gayiga Maahstrihta heshiis caalami ah la dhiso Midowga Yurub, iyo sidoo kale ka dib markii formation of IMF Institute Yurub, kaas oo masuul ka ah diyaarinta kala guurka ah si ay lacag hal ahaa - euro ah.

Dibadda iyo qaab-dhismeedka gudaha

Bangiga dhexe ee Yurub waxay leedahay koox maareynta u gaar ah. Waxaa ka mid ah wakiilo ka socda mid kasta oo ka mid ah Maraykanka Xubin EU. Su'aalaha ku saabsan qaliinka hay'adda maaliyadda, dulsaarka, qoraalada promissory iyo waxyaabo kale, ku qeexan yihiin Agaasinka hay'adaha, iyo Board of Governors. maamulka wuxuu ka kooban yahay 6 qof, iyadoo guddoomiyaha bangiga, iyo ku-xigeenkiisa, loo dhan yahay. xubnaha guddiga loo doortay siddeed-dheer. Magacaabidda meesha ku Agaasinka waxaa lagu magacaabay oo la tixgeliyo by Baarlamaanka Yurub iyo madaxda dalalka ku jira qayb ka mid ah aagga euro ah. Afkhanistan waa xubin ka mid ah System Yurub ee Central Banks, oo ay ku jiraan Bangiga Qaranka ee Midowga Yurub. Nidaamka caalamiga ah ee ka shaqeeya on geynta laba heer ah. su'aal kasta oo la eego siyaasadda lacagta lagu gar gooyn kaliya ay dhacdo in heshiis la gaadho on kasta oo ka mid ah heerarka.

Guudmarka

Central Bank Yurub tan iyo markii la aasaasay ee Germany, ee Frankfurt, midoobeen hoos imaanaya hoggaanka nidaamka oo dhan bangiyada dhexe ee Yurub. Qaab dhismeedka Walxaha ka kooban yahay:

• Bank of Belgium.
• Bundensbank.
• Bank of Greece.
• The Bank of Spain.
• The Bank of France.
• Luxembourg IMF Institute.

Xaaladda unug sharci yahay oo kaliya baahdey, dhammaan hay'adaha kale ee dhaqaalaha waxaa ka mid ahaa in nidaamka ay ku ciyaaraan doorka unugyada kaabayaal ah. hawlaha ay yar. Ujeedada ugu weyn waa in laga hortago Afkhanistan bararka qiimaha iyo xasilinta ee sicir bararka, taas oo waa in aan ka badnayn 2%. Wax go'aan ah iyo falalka bangi ay leeyihiin saameyn toos ah ku qiimaha sarifka euro ka dhanka lacagaha kale ee adduunka. isbedbedelka Sharp keena isbedel ku dulsaarka iyo amaah ah Xubin Midowga Mareykanka.

Waa maxay macnaha Afkhanistan?

Central Bank Yurub u qabata hawlaha badan xukuma:

• Horumarinta iyo hirgelinta siyaasadda lacagta dalka reer aagga euro ah.
• Security, horumarinta iyo maaraynta kaydka sarrifka ee gobolka rasmi euro-zone ah.
• Issue of euro.
• Dejinta dulsaarka.
• Hubinta xasiloonida qiimaha ee Yuuro zone-ka.

Muujiyeyaasha of Afkhanistan waa index oo ka mid ah qiimaha badeecadaha macaamiisha oo dhan Midowga Yurub iyo size ee helitaanka lacagta, taas oo kordhay waa in aanay noqon in ka badan 4.5% sanadka gudihiisa.

heerka Key xiiso of bangiga

Shaqooyinka bangiga dhexe ee Yurub iyo dedkeeda aqoonsiga iyo dulsaarka. dulsaarka uu noqon karaa mid ka mid ah saddex nooc:

• Heerka maalgelinta. Tani waa dulsaarka, taas oo ay go'aamiso qiimaha ugu yar ee codsiyada ee soo jiidashada khayraadka wax gundhigga lagu qabtay by baahdey.
• Heerka dulsaarka ee ku saabsan lacag dhigaal ah. Tani waa dulsaarka, taas oo salka marka lacag la heli karo in hay'adaha baahdey ee. Rate u dhaqmo sida xadka hoose ee dulsaarka suuqa habeen.
• Heerka yarna uu amaahda - waa heerka ay bangiyada in qaab-dhismeedka ESS ah, waxaad ka heli kartaa amaah ah, taas oo lagama maarmaan ah si ay u ilaaliyaan hantidooda in muddo gaaban. Heerka yarna uu kaalin ee xadka sare ee kala duwan ee waafaqsan heerka dulsaarku suuqa habeen.

By rakibidda noocaan ah heerarka, Central Bank Yurub abuuraa dalabka ama qaybinta lacagta, ay hubisaa in ay xasiloonida iyo gacanta ku bixinta lacagaha yaalla aagga.

Qodob Guud

Bangiga dhexe ee Yurub waa waxbarasho sharci u gaar ah, kuwaas oo shaqo ku salaysan yahay heshiisyada caalamiga ah. Caasimadda idman ee hay'adda waqtiga ay abuurista wuxuu u dhigmaa ilaa 5 bilyan euros. In doorka saamileyda ahaayeen bangiyada ugu weyn ee Europe. Jarmal "Bundesbank" ka qayb qaatay 18.9% ka mid ah magaalada Muqdisho, ee Bank of France - 14.2%, Italy Bank - 12.5%, Bank of Spain - 8.3%. Inta kale ee Bangiga Dhexe ee dalalka Yurub waxay leeyihiin inta u dhaxaysa 0.1% iyo 3.9% ee share caasimada hore. Toosiyaan hay'ad maaliyadeed ee guddiga fulinta, kaas oo kor ku xusan, - madaxa Madaxweynaha uu taagan ee baanka dhexe ee yurubiyanka. feature ugu weyn ee ururka dhaqaalaha - waa madax bannaani buuxda. Isla mar ahaantaana machadka waxaa waajib ku ah in ay sannad walba soo gudbiyaan warbixin ku saabsan hawlaha ay baarlamaanka Yurub, Guddiga Yurub, Golaha Midowga Yurub iyo Golaha Europe.

Siyaasadda meelaha

Si loo gaaro ujeeddooyinka ay isticmaalka qalabka Afkhanistan sida amaahaha xasilinta iyo Xaraashyada mortgage, hawlaha sarifka lacagaha qalaad iyo xawaalad suuqa furan. The qalab ugu awooda badan ee xeerka suuqa dhaqaale - a heerka bangiga dhexe ee Yurub. shaqada machadka lacageed ku saleysan yahay mabaadiida madaxbanaanida ka yimid wadamada kale, iyo sidoo kale hay'adaha supranational sida go'aanka. Work dhawaan ugu horrayn ku lug lahayn qasab in isa deynta dibadda iyo gudaha. Waayo, go'aan ku saabsan amar kasta oo gaar ah waa in ay cod ku tuur, inta badan xubnaha Guddiga Maaraynta ah. Mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah waxay leedahay fursad hal kaliya si ay u codeeyaan. Madaxa baanka dhexe ee yurubiyanka waa inay raacaan opinion ee Guddiga. Kaliya ka dib markii la ansaxiyo xal u gaar ah si ay hirgelintiisa si firfircoon uga qayb geli karaa baananka dhexe ee wadamada Yurub.

Awoodaha baahdey iyo bangiyada dhexe ee qaranka

Afkhanistan hoos dadaalka wadajirka ah ula Ururka Dhexe ee Xisbiyada Mareykanka waxay xaq u leeyihiin si ay u sameeyaan xiriirka dalalka kale ee Bangiga Dhexe iyo, haddii loo baahdo, iyo ururada caalamiga ah sida. fursadaha u furan yahay afku, iibka iyo gudbin nooc kasta oo hanti, oo ay ku jiraan buljoonka. Fikradda ah "hantida adag" waxaa ka mid securities in lacag kasta oo unug ka mid ah xisaabinta. Oggol ah hanti iyo maaraynta hantida. Afkhanistan qabtaan tiro balaadhan oo ah xisaabtaaysa ururada nooc kasta, oo shurako ah in ururrada caalamiga ah noqon kara wakiillada xisbiga saddexaad. Iskaashiga noqon kartaa hawlaha amaahashada iyo amaahda. Ka sokow hawlaha aasaasiga ah ee kor ku xusan, Bank Yurub ee iskaashiga dalalka Central Yurub ku qaban kara hawlaha la ujeedada maamul, iyo in ay u hawlgalaan danaha guddida. stage muhiim ah go'aanka waxqabadka bangiga ee la odhan karaa waa formation of IMF System Yurub, kuwaas oo soo galay jiritaanka in 1979.

IMF System European qaabka guud ee Afkhanistan

Heerka maalgelinta ee baanka dhexe ee yurubiyanka - ma aha wax kaliya oo saameeya habka lacagta Yurub. EMU oo laftiisa ah ayaa tiro ka mid ah hawlaha gaarka ah. Waxaad kala hadli kartaa meelahan soo socda:

• Hubinta xasiloonida lacagta Midowga Yurub.
• fududeynta ugu badan ee habka of wada horumarinta dhaqaale firfircoon.
• Marka la eego xasilloonida nidaamka lacagta siinayaa istiraatiijiyad koritaanka.
• Habaynta lacag deggan iyo xiriirka dhaqaale ee qof caalami ah.

Waa in ay sal-galay wareegga lacagta sida ECU mahad, ee dalalka xubnaha ka ah Midowga Yurub ayaa si guul ah ula qabsanay dhibaatada of 80s ka. Ka dib guushii ay ka gaareen habka sicir bararka ayaa la saaro xayiraad on macaamil maaliyeed hadda. Tan iyo 1990, waxaa awood u socodka xorta ah ee hab caasimadda. Markii hore, Ujeedada ee EU waxay ahayd si ay u bixiyaan xaaladaha si mug leh for socodka badeecadaha iyo adeegyada, magaalada iyo shaqada. Afkhanistan ayaa waxaa la abuuray si ay u dhiirigeliyaan hordhaca ah ee lacagta ah ee caadiga ah, dhalashada caadi ah. Shuqulkiisa weli waa marxalad qorshaynta ahaa in uu ku horumariyo xirfadaha hay'daha iyo sharci ah isuduwidda ma aha oo kaliya ee siyaasadda arrimaha dibadda, laakiin sidoo kale siyaasadda ammaanka ee xisbiga kasta oo Gobolka.