Biography of Archimedes. daahfurtay u fiican oo Archimedes

The saynisyahan Giriigga ee hore Archimedes ahaa hindisa, xisaabyahan ah, naqshadeeye, injineer, jirka, astronomer iyo makaanik. Wuxuu aasaasay jihada sida jirka ah xisaabta. Sidoo kale, cilmi-yeelatay jidadka u hesho Muga, meelaha iyo goobaha guddiyo kala duwan oo tirooyinka, Sugi kalkulas u muhiim. Isagu waa qoraaga hindisooyin badan. Iyada oo magaca saynisyahan a la xiriira muuqaalka kore ee sharciyada buugiisa, hordhaca ah ee erayga "xarunta of cuf" iyo cilmi berrinkii hydrostatic. Marka dadka Roomana way weeraray Syracuse, shirkad injineernimada difaaca hawlan magaalada waa Archimedes.

In times of technology sare oo daahfurtay sayniska, waxaan u bartayba Arkaa Liibaan sidii wax caadi ah, luxo xaqiiqada ah in ku saleysan aqoon jira dhigay by culimada qadiimi ah. Waxay ahaayeen Horseedka ah. Oo Archimedes ee Syracuse ahaa sidaas hanad at dhan. Ka dib markii uu xaqiijiyay in intooda badan fikrado iyaga u gaar ah dhaqan. saffarro waxaa si guul leh loo isticmaalay shaqada, in kastoo aan xitaa waa ku garanayaa kii ahaa qoraaga. Biography of Archimedes in ay ka badbaaday kaliya ka halyeeyada iyo xusuus. Waxaan bixinaa si aad u barato waxa la.

Childhood iyo waxbarashada

Archimedes, Biography gaaban oo hoos loo soo bandhigi doono, waxa uu ku dhashay ee Syracuse agagaarka 287 BC. e. Caruurnimadiisii beegantay mudada goorta King Burhus oo la dagaallameen la Kartajiniyaaniska oo dadka Roomana way, isku dayayaan in ay abuuraan nooc cusub oo ah gobolka Greek. Gaar ahaan kala duwanaayeen in dagaalkan Hiero - qof qaraabo ah oo Archimedes, oo noqday taliyaha Syracuse. Phidias (wiilka aabihiis) ahaa hieron qiyaastii. Tani waxay u oggolaaday inuu siiyo waxbarasho wanaagsan si Archimedes. Ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa ma lahayn aqoon ku filan, oo wuxuu u kacay Alexandria, oo wakhtigaas ahaa xarun cilmiyeed. Halkan, Ptolemies ah - taliyayaashii Masar - ayaa la soo ururiyay culimada Greek ugu wanaagsan iyo aqoon yahanno waqtiga. Sidoo kale in Alexandria ahayd maktabada ugu weyn dunida oo dhan, halkaas oo Archimedes ayaa muddo dheer bartay xisaabta iyo shuqullada Eudoxus, Democritus, iwm Sanadihii kuwa, cilmi mustaqbalka saaxiib ah astronomer Conon, geographer iyo xisaab Eratosthenes. Markaasuu wuxuu ku hoggaamiyey qayb ka mid ah waraaqaha ka.

xirfad ugu horeysay

Ka dib markii barashada Archimedes, Biography gaaban oo loo yaqaan dhammaan saynisyahano, wuxuu ku soo laabtay Syracuse oo dhaxlay booska uu ka Phidias - astronomer maxkamadda. Sababo Hiero gaaray nabadda. Si aad u hesho baxay ka qaybgalka koowaad War Punic, uu bixiyo qaansiin weyn si Rome. In the "History General" Polybius ku tilmaamay sidan: "Hiero in ay awood u yimid, la mana warkiisii mana Xoolo, mana hadiyado kasta oo qaddar. Ma uusan yeelin, ma soo tuuray, Waa inaanad qudh gooyn, laakiin sharciyada sida ugu badan ee '54 ... "Si kastaba ha ahaatee, hieron, sida u hadha, uu daaweeyaa fiiro u weyn in loo xoojin lahaa magaalada loogu diyaar halganka ciidan ay suurtagal tahay.

shuqullada sayniska

astronomer Jago ahaa culaab, iyo Archimedes ahaa si xor ah u galaan hawlaha kale. In la eego afka baarkiisa ah ee waxbarashada uu wajiyo badan. Oo shuqulladaadii hore ee Archimedes Nagi makaanikada ah. Waxa uu isku halleeyeen it on, iyo in qaar ka mid ah waraaqaha xisaabta. Tusaale ahaan, cilmi isticmaalo mabda'a lever ay u xaliyaan qaar ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka joomateri. Oo wuxuu kaloo sameeyey gabagabada xisaabta lagu xusay in shaqada "On hoganaya ee tirooyinka diyaarad." Tani shaqada ee cilmiga uu noqday madaxa rukunka "qatimay parabola" ah (kalkulas maarmaan), oo la furi doona in 2000 sano. Oo kitaabkii "On qiyaaso goobada" cilmibaadhe xisaabiyaa ratio of dhexroorka goobada si ay dhererka, ama si kale loo dhigo, pi tirada (3.14). Intaa waxaa dheer, oo dhan weli la isticmaalayo uu abuurtay abyoonayaasha magacyada nidaamka.

guulihii sayniska

Biography Archimedes sharaxayaa labo ka mid ah guulihii sayniska uu ugu muhiimsan: cilmiga ee xarunta of cuf iyo Soon ee mabda'a of buugiisa. sidoo kale aasaaskii hydrostatics ayuu saaray. Kaliya goor dambe oo qarnigii 16aad iyo horraantii 17, fikrado, kuwaas oo lagu soosaaray Pascal, Galileo, Stevin iyo aqoonyahanno kale oo loo isticmaalo ee Archimedes 'mabda', uu ku tilmaamay in uu shaqada "On meydadka sabayn". shaqada Tani waxa ay ahayd isku daygii ugu horeysay si ay u tijaabiso in dhaqanka fikrado aasaasi ah oo ku saabsan qaab dhismeedka of arrinta iyadoo la abuurayo model ah. Archimedes cadaato ma aha oo kaliya dhowr qodobo waaweyn oo ka mid ah sifooyinka jirka ah ee atamka ee dareeraha ah, laakiin sidoo kale xaqiijiyay in tiro ka mid ah fikradaha daliil ah Democritus. In shaqo this, cilmibaadhe hanad sayniska muujiyey xoog gaar ah. Natiijooyinka uu xaqiijin karin oo keliya qarnigii 19aad.

waxbarashada kale

Sida Biography ee Archimedes, marka laga reebo Farsamoyaqaan, physics iyo xisaabta, uu ku hawlanaa optics saadaasha hawada iyo joomateri. Sidoo kale, saynisyahan lagu qabtay taxane ah oo tijaabo ah oo ku saabsan refraction iftiinka. Waxaa jira caddaymo ku filan in Archimedes qoray maqaalka weyn - "Catoptrics", laakiin nasiib darro, waxa aan la sii raagayaan. On ku salaysan oo dhan meelihii haray laga yaabaa in la malaysan in baaraha ogaa saamayn hawadda ee siku concave by refraction of tijaabo iftiin sameeyey deegaanno hawada iyo biyaha, iyo sidoo kale wax fikrad ah oo ku saabsan sifooyinka images in concave, convex iyo muraayadaha guri. Ka sokow xigashooyinka ka badbaaday Aragtida kaliya hal caddaynaya inuu ku jirase aad digtoonaan iftiin ka muraayad ku xagal ee dhacdooyinka uyeelaysaan kuwo xagal iyo digtoonaan.

difaaca Syracuse

Archimedes furan injineerinka isagii keeneen warkii ugu, kuwaas oo xadka aan dal oo keliya, laakiin sidoo kale qarniyo. Gaalda uu hanad injineernimada laftiisa muujiyey in 214 BC. e. inta lagu guda jiro hareeraynta uu hooyo Syracuse. Archimedes uu tobankii sano toddobaad. Waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah guulaha ugu waaweyn ee nolosha ee cilmiga ah. Halkan, wuxuu iska kala duwanaayeen ma aha oo kaliya sida hindisa ah, laakiin sidoo kale sida dhisaha u fiican. Qof walba waa ogyahay in dhismayaasha qadiimiga ah waxay ka kooban yihiin derbiyo adag. Archimedes dhajinta in dulduleelo iyo dulduleelo loogu talagalay xumad dhexe iyo hoose. Wuxuu u abuuray in nabadda, gaadiidka dagaalka loo ogol yahay in Syracuse ka Romans ka difaaco in ay weeraraan muddo saddex sano ah.

Sanadihii la soo dhaafay

Sida aad arki karto, nolosha sayniska ee Archimedes ahaa dhalaalaya iyo cokan. Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, uu ku hawlanaa a hawlaha computationally-ah sumalka uguma. Ninba Livy (qoraa Roman) isaga loo yaqaan "mid ka mid ah observer ah nooc ka mid ah xiddigaha iyo samada." Oo in kastoo aan aan gaadhay kasta oo ka mid ah qoraallada ah sumalka uguma of Archimedes, annagu kala ma shaki karo siidaayay of sifo this. About fasalada noocan oo kale ah hawlaha waa la xaqiijiyay sheekada ee ka howgala Falag buu ka abuuray isaga by, iyo maqaalka "The Sand Xisaabiye", halkaas oo saynisyahano ayaa isku dayaysa inay tirin tirada miraha of ciid in caalamka oo dhan.

In uu shaqo cilmi waa daqiiqad in loo saarin karaa in ay "daahfurka ee Archimedes 'category. saynisyahan ugu horeysay taariikhda ee sayniska marka la barbar dhigo labada nidaam ee dunida - ka heliocentric iyo geocentric. Archimedes qoray: "cirbixiyeyaasha badankoodu waxay aaminsan yihiin in dunida - kubad kala saxiixdeen dhulka iyo xarunta of qorraxda." Sidaas darteed, waxa uu ahaa ka war dhinacyada dunida oo gartay inuu yahay uguna. Tani waxay ogol yahay cilmi inuu keeno xisaabaha ay ilaa ugu dambaysta.

gunaanad

Tani dhamaado Biography ee Archimedes. Waxa uu ina hor muuqday sida injineer, cilmibaadhe, theorist iyo popularizer sayniska. Isku fikirka la taaban karo oo tayo xisaabta iyo xirfadaha urureed wakhtigaas ahaa failed. In taariikhda sayniska Archimedes yimid sida tusaale iftiimaya oo ah cilmi baare kan kara inuu wax dhis lagu biiriyo aragti la dhaqanka. Sure, isagu wuxuu ahaa saynisyahan Xanuujin, kuwaad kula waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in ay qaataan tusaale ka ab kale ee cilmi. La soo jeediyey Archimedes physics xisaabeed ahaa ma dhab ah gartay midna faraciisa, ama saynisyahano ee qarniyadii dhexe. Marka fekerayo cilmi, ka hor mar, in Archimedes iyaga ka mid ahaa rikoorka. Kaliya ee 16-17 qarnigii xisaabyahannada Yurub ay awoodaan in ay ogaadaan Muhiimada iyo muhiimadda uu ku darsaday sayniska. Tan iyo markaas, ardayba, Greek lahaa kuwa raacsan iyo dunida badan, isagoo aad u doonaya si ay u caddeeyaan aragti u gaar ah guulaha la taaban karo gubanaya. Oo haatan, in xusuusta reer saynisyahano ah hanad kaasoo sameeyey daahfurka, soo noqnoqda qaylada isla Archimedes: "Eureka! Waxaan helay. "