"Bloch kabaha": macnaha iyo asalka phraseologism ah

Maanta "hack aad tagfi" sarbeeb la maqli karaa marar aad u badan. Nasiib wanaag, waxaa la aan gebi ahaanba la illoobay waa hadal asalka deggan dawadu isticmaalka a gacanta iftiinka qoraa Leskov la qarnigii 19aad. Mararka qaarkood, si kastaba ha ahaatee, dadka xusuusan tiradaasi cad hadalka, maxay tahay macnaha ay dhaqan maal?

Sarbeeb "kabaha aad tagfi u": Qiimaha

Sida la og yahay, aad tagfi u - cayayaan-noole isagoo size a cqaadir. Dabcan, hadlaya oo ku saabsan qof gaar ah, in uu "aad tagfi khawano" karaan, dadka aan haysan maanka awood u leh inay saaray kabo faras a on noole ah. In ra'yi this deggan waxaa maal macnaha gebi ahaan kala duwan.

sarbeeb Tan waxaa dhaqan ahaan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa, marka la doonayo in la ogaado tayada gaar ah oo uu leeyahay nin, awoodda uu u xaliyo hawsha ugu adag oo xitaa aan macquul ahayn.

prehistory

Xaaladan oo ah tirada ee uusan hadalkoodu "hack aad tagfi" waxaa si toos ah oo la xidhiidha xaaladda in adkaaday Russia ee Warega of qarniyadii 19-20th. Wakiilada sharaf la quudhsatay wax kasta oo la soo saaray by saanacyadii maxaliga ah. Dhaleeceeynta shuqullada tahay, alaabta guriga. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in dibadda oo kaliya waa in ay si fiican u shaqayn karin, oo sayidyadooda Ruush yihiin oo keliya inay awoodaan inay ku daysadaan dhigooda shisheeye, soo saara faalsada ah ay tayadiisu hoosayso.

Dabcan, dadka oo fudud ma jeclaan Hab-dhaqanka wakiillada bulshada sare u alaabta maxaliga ah. Si joogto ah isku dayaysa in ay ku baddalaan xaaladda, muujiyaan tayada sare ee alaabta Ruush. Mawduucan ayaa ka hadlay in sheekooyin badan oo sheekooyinka ku qoran waqtiga. In shuqullo kuwan waxaa lagu tilmaamay by guusha burburiyo oo ka mid ah sayidkooda Ruush, ka tago nacas ajaanibta.

Story Nikolaya Leskova

Waa ayo qoraaga phraseologism "kabaha aad tagfi u," marka waxaa jiray hadal deggan asalka ah? Waxaa la og yahay in tiradaasi hadal markii ugu horaysay la isticmaalo by qoraaga Nikolai Leskov ah. In 1881, akhristayaasha Maxkamadda waxaa matalayey ay story "Lefty", kaas oo si deg deg ah helay taageero.

qof dhexe ee sheekada - saanac dad ka Tula, warkii kaasoo awoodiisa marayay oo dhan Empire Ruush ah. saaxir Tani waxa ay ahayd sidaa darteed tayo leh in uu karin inuu abuuro isagoo kabo faras a sameeyey si aad tagfi West Railway lahaynu size a cqaadir. Waxaa intaa dheer, kabaha kasta wuxuu ku qurxiyey nameplate, kaas oo la isticmaalo soo saaridda ee alaabta iyaga u gaar ah.

Readers Leskov sidaas ku faraxsan soo hindiseen qoraaga sheekada, in weedhani "hack aad tagfi" la meel walba loo isticmaalo. Waxa loo isticmaalaa ma aha oo kaliya dadka ka iman, laakiin sidoo kale wakiillo ka abtirsan ugu sareeya.

Khuraafaad ama xaqiiqada?

Dabcan, sayidkii Tula, kan kara inuu xal u helidda dhibaatada ah in ay u muuqataa wax aan macquul aheyn, waxaa asal ahan Nikolaem Leskovym. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, aad tagfi steel Ghadafi ma aha wax soo saarka ee imagination qoraaga. Qoraaga sheekada loo isticmaalo haddii ay dhacdo in uu ka dhacay taariikhda dhabta ah.

Milkiilaha aad tagfi bir ah, isagoo size a cqaadir, waxa uu noqday mid ka mid ah Ruush Emperor Alexander. Tani waxay dhacday markay Boqortooyada dhigay safarka ay ku tagayaan England. Mid ka mid ah rag saaniciin ah boqorka degaanka iibsaday oo ildheer oo bir ah, oo muujinaya aad tagfi u, taas oo uu aad u badan jeclaa.

tijaabada geesi

Kor shaaca ka qaaday macnaha jeedo hadalka "hack aad tagfi" ah, macnaha iyo phraseologism soo jeedo ayaa sidoo kale shaaca. Laakiin haddii qof nolosha dhabta ah, wuxuu ahaa awoodaan si ay ula qabsadaan tartan this? oo ninkaasuna wuxuu ahaa Nikolai Aldunin, sayidkayga khibrad leh oo ah miniatures, kuwaas oo ku noolaa in Tula.

Sheekada, qoray Nikolai Leskov, wacdarro dhigay weyn ku Aldunina. Master ma doonayaan in ay kaliya ku celinayaa guusha nin saanac ahu qoraa khayaalka ka Tula, wayna ku garaaceen isagii, gelinaya kabo faras a in noole nool. Nicholas ahaa in la biraha cajiib ah u shaqeeyaan, helidda waayo-aragnimo halka ka shaqeeya fitter iyo Turner awoodaan.

Waa wax iska cad in jidka sayidkii Aldunina caqabado kasta oo laga yaabaa in muuqdaan gudbi karin. Dhibaatada ugu weyn ee - timaha in daboolay lugaha cayayaanka. caqabad Tani Nicholas maareeyey si uu u xaliyo iyadoo la fogeynayo qayb ka mid ah timaha iyo jarida intiisa kale. Sidoo kale handyman lahaa in hindisa alaab ah Ghadafi oo loo isticmaali karo in shaqada. wax soo saarka ee Diintooda qalabka sida ayaa loo baahan yahay laba sano oo shaqo ah. Waxa kale oo aanu ognahay in, conjuring badan tagfi Aldunin codsatay microscope superstrong.

saaxir guuleystay

Sarbeeb "kooxda kabaha" wacdarro dhigay sida ku Aldunina in uu ahaa awoodaan in ay la qabsadaan hawshan. Ninkan noqday ciyaaryahankii ugu horeeyay ee dunida ka mid ah rag saaniciin ah kuwaas oo u suurtagashay in ay saaray kabo faras a noole nool. Oo waxay noqotay sano 150 oo kaliya ka dib markii Nikolai Leskov soo bandhigay in akhristaha uu shaqo, "Lefty."

Dabcan, waa xiiso leh iyo wax bir ah ayaa ku lug lahaa soo saaridda ee Master of tayo horseshoes Ghadafi. horseshoes yaryar iyo dhaggan oona la abuuray ka dahab ah. Waxa xiiso leh, miisaanka kasta kama badna kabo faras 0,00000004419 garaam total Aldunin iyaga lix xabbadood sameeyey.

Taas oo macnaheedu yahay "kabaha aad tagfi u?" Sida hore u soo sheegnay, sarbeeb tani waxaa la isticmaalaa marka dadku rabaan in ay ku muujiyaan aan u jecel yahay tayada qofka. Nicholas Aldunina la odhan karaa waa tusaale fiican oo ah odayga, oo awood u leh "kabaha aad tagfi". By habka, hanad this kan kara inuu geliyey kabo faras a on cayayaanka ah Ghadafi, aan ku xaddidnayn guusha this cajiib ah. dhaxla uu Aldunin tagay badan oo miniatures xiiso leh. Tusaale ahaan, waxay yihiin samovar dhaqanka Tula, oo dhererkiisu yahay oo kali ah in ka badan millimeter ah ayaa loo abuuray. Waxa uu sidoo kale soo saaray hadhuudh ah oo bariis ah oo ku saabsan sawirka qoraaga caanka ah Pushkin.

Wuxuu ninkan tayo ku dhintay September 2009.

hadiyad caan

Sida laga arki karo ka kor ku xusan, muujinta laga yaabaa in qiimaha tooska ah. "Bloch kabaha" ayaa kaliya ma ahan Nicholas Aldunin ka Tula. Si aad ula qabsan this tartan, oo deggan gobolka Omsk. Its saarka Anatoly Konenko siiyey hadiyad Vladimiru Putinu, iyo bandhigyo ay samaysteen nuqul ah saxda ah.

By habka, aad tagfi u yar oo la horseshoes - ma aha guusha kaliya ee sayidkiisa this tayo leh. Anatoly waa Abuuraha reer buug muujiyey la format Ghadafi. Warbixin ku saabsan inuu shaqada, xataa caanka Guinness Book of Records. Waxa xiiso leh in buug, kuwaas oo ma aha oo kaliya u bogi karaa, haddii microscope ay ku haboon yihiin akhriska, waxaa ku jira shuqullada qorayaasha caanka ah ee kala duwan. Abuuray Konenko iyo shaqooyin kale oo fiican in iska leh nooc ka mid ah miniatures. shuqullada sayidkayga ayaa hadda soo bandhigay noocyo kala duwan oo matxafyo.