Colombia - Jamhuuriyadda ama boqortooyo? Cimilada, soo jiidashada, sawiro

dabeecadda Wonderful, oo ay ku jiraan kaymaha heer sare ah oo ka mid ah Amazon iyo buuraha sharafta leh ee geedka kokaha waxaa laga arki karaa in this meel indhaindhaynta qurux badan. Xataa dalxiisayaasha ugu garashada booqday dalal badan oo adduunka ah, waxay saamaysaa quruxda uu waxa halkan arkay. Meeshu - Colombia, kuwaas oo dhulka xeebaha ugu wanaagsan oo dhan ee Latin America.

In this article aan jawaabi doono qaar ka mid ah su'aalo ku saabsan dalka this la yaab leh. Maxay yihiin muuqaalada nidaamka dawliga ah? Colombia - Jamhuuriyadda ama boqortooyo? Maxay yihiin qaababka oo ka mid ah dabeecadda iyo cimilada? Waannu u sheegi ku saabsan dadka iyo booska juquraafi ah nooc ka mid ah cunnada ay qaran iyo wax ka badan.

warbixin guud

Colombia - albaab u South America. Waxay - kaliya mid ka mid ah dalalka South American, kuwaas oo xeebaha la dhaqo by badda Caribbean (outlet in Badweynta Atlantic) iyo Badweynta Pacific.

Dowladda sannadihii la soo dhaafay, dadaalka weyn u tahay horumarka ballaaran oo dalxiiska iyo si loo xaqiijiyo ammaanka dadka safarka ah iyo vacationers. Quruxda iyo hodan ku soo jiidashada dabiiciga ah Jamhuuriyadda.

Gran Colombia - dal leh dabeecada hodan iyo taariikhda dhaqanka. rukun kasta iyo magaalo kasta oo gobolka this sheegi kara ee la soo dhaafay lala yaabo iyo dadka degganba.

Colombia (Republic of): photos, meesha juquraafi

Colombia degan gobolka waqooyi-galbeed ee South America ah. Laga soo bilaabo bari waxa ay xuduud la leh dalalka sida Venezuela iyo Brazil, ee waqooyiga-galbeed - la Panama, iyo koonfur - Ecuador iyo Peru. Its qaybta waqooyi laga maydho Badda Caribbean, galbeed - Badweynta Pacific.

Bedka guud ee gobolka - 1.141.748 sq. kiiloomitir, dhererka soohdinta - 6004 km. Waxa uu leeyahay dhowr jasiiradood Colombia.

Republic waa dhul sida, dhul kaas oo ah noocyo kala duwan oo Bbc. qaybta galbeed ee Colombia uu yahay habka geedka kokaha buurta ee bariga - la banka savanna, iyo koonfur - kaymaha. bannaanka dooxada fidin xeebta, qayb ahaan degan kala duwan oo buurta Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. halkan ugu sarreysa ee ugu sareeya waa Colon Cristobal (sare 5775 mitir).

Great Amazon River kala qayb ahaan koonfur-bari ee dhulka reer Colombia, iyo p ah. Orinoco socodka bari.

dadka

Colombia - Republic, inta badan dadka ayaa ku nool dhulka buuraleyda ah ee qaybta galbeed ee dalka. Oo dadkii oo guud ahaan u degaan on cidhiidhi ah oo ilaa hadda ku filan ka walba dooxooyinka kale webiga u dhaxeyso. Tirada guud ee dalka - in ka badan 46 milyan oo qof. Saddexaad ee dadka - oo ku nool dhulka miyiga ah, iyo qayb lixaad ee dadka reer Colombia ku nool magaalada caasimadda ah ee dalka - Santa Fe de Bogota.

Marka caasimadda ah ee magaalooyinka ugu waaweyn ee Colombia Cali, Medellin iyo Latin America. Total ee Columbia hoy u tahay qiyaastii 75% dadka gobolka guud ahaan.

Marka la eego ka kooban qowmiyadaha, oo ku saabsan 58% - metises, cad (European) waa 20%, inshallah - oo ku saabsan 14%, 4% - negros iyo 3% oo 1%, siday u kala horreeyaan, iyo Sambo Hindida. 90% of Colombia ee Diintooda - Catholic, 5% -hristiane.

magaalada

Caasimadda ah ee Colombia - Bogota. In magaaladan yihiin tirada guud ee ka badan 11 milyan oo qof. Spain waxaa la aasaasay on goobta of a Hindida yar qalcaddii ee 1538.

The luqadda, diinta rasmiga ah

Afka rasmiga ah waa Isbaanish ee dalka. Intaa waxaa dheer, in Colombia waxaa ku hadhay 75 luqadood Indian, laakiin tirada waa ay sii yaraanayaan sanad walba.

siyaasadeed

Independence ka gumaysigii reer Spain, Colombia ayaa helay bishii July 1810, oo magaceeda la joogo (Republic of Colombia) waxay heleen 1886.

Sida laga soo xigtay Dastuurka (1991), Colombia waa Jamhuuriyad uu madax ka yahay madaxweyne, 4 sanaba mar si cod caan ah universal doortay. Isla mar ahaantaana dawladda waxaa madax u madaxa la soo doortay ee Jamhuuriyadda.

Gran Colombia waa baarlamaan laba aqal, loo yaqaan Congress Qaranka, kuwaas oo, ee jeedo, ka kooban oo ka mid ah Golaha Wakiilada (ee 166 xubnood) iyo Senate (taas oo 102 senators).

Xisbiyada siyaasadeed ee ugu muhiimsan waxay yihiin kuwa soo socda: ". Isbedelka xagjirka ah" Social Party of National Unity, deeqsi ah, muxaafid, xisbiga isdhexgalka Qaranka,

Maamul u qaybsan qaybaha (oo iyana - degmooyinka) iyo Degmada Capital reer Colombia.

cimilada Columbia

In kastoo Columbia oo ku sugnaa ku dhowaad ee dhulbaraha, ay sabab u tahay farqiga u sare waxa ay leedahay afar aag cimilada (badanaa subequatorial iyo Equatorial). Inta ugu badan ee (83%) ay yihiin wax ka yar 1000 m heerka badda. Badda. In goobahaas celceliska heerkulka + 24C. ka dhiman (9%) waxa uu ku yaalaa at height a of 1000-2000 mitir heerka badda, halkaas oo heerkulka hawada celcelis ah oo ku saabsan + 18C. Waxaa jira height iyo ilaa 3000 mitir, heerkulka celceliska at taas oo ah + 12C.

On xeebta Caribbean xilli qalalan - ka December si March, iyo inta kale ee sanadka - xilli-roobaadka. Xaqiiqo ahaan ma xilli qalalan in this xeebta Pacific.

Biota

noocyo badan leh dhirta iyo ugaarta waa Colombia. Republic, halkaas oo Pacific ee dhulka, ayaa kaymaha roob canbaha, iyo meesha waa xeebta Caribbean, iskala mangroves. Savannah intaba, sida kor ku xusan, in ka-bari iyo woqooyi iyo bari. Geedka kokaha wakiil kaynta iyo xoortay.

Oo dunida xoolaha waa kala duwan, noocyada badan ee cayayaanka, shimbiraha, nuujiya iyo kalluunka.

The noocyada ugu qalaad xoolaha, gaar ahaan xiiso leh dadka dalxiisayaasha ah, Jaguars, dhicin, hummingbirds, iyo piranhas.

Badaha, iyo badaha, iyo River ee Columbia

qaybta waqooyi ee dalka, sida kor ku xusan, waxaa lagu maydhay Badda Caribbean iyo galbeed - Badweynta Pacific. Oceanside leeyahay dherer total - 3208 km. heerkulka celcelis ahaan biyaha xeebta - + 26C.

Saddex Wabiyadan socota iyada oo dalka reer Colombia: ee koonfur-bari - Amazon ah, oo reer galbeed ah - webiga Magdalena, bari - Orinoco ah. Magdalena - jiidashada ugu weyn ee dabiiciga ah ee qalaad (1,600 km), taas oo uu leeyahay Jamhuuriyadda Colombia.

magaalooyinka taariikhiga ah, iyaga dib u eegista

magaalada ugu weyn ee Colombia - Bogota, Cali, Medellin, Cucuta, ee Latin America, Cartagena, Bucaramanga.

Reviews safarka dalka this la yaab leh, taasoo ah magaalada taariikhiga ah, waxa ugu wanaagsan. Gaar ahaan caan ah oo booqanaya magaalada, raagayaan Architecture-of jeer gumeysiga.

Halkan waxa aad ka arki kartaa magaalo weyn oo leh kaniisadaha sii raagayaan badan oo muddada - Popayan. Dalxiisayaal u bogi naqshadaha heer sare ah Macaabidda Yuhuud iyo matxafyada (qarnigii 16-aad).

Qaab dhismeedka naqshadda isla cajiib ah waxaa lagu arki karaa magaaladii Cali. Mid ka mid ah jiidashada ugu weyn ee magaalada waxaa loo yaqaan in ay dad badan oo Faralones de Kanaberaleho (Park Qaranka), halkaas oo bullfighting waxaa lagu fuliyaa si joogto ah.

Leticia waxa uu ku yaalaa on bangiga ee Amazon webiga weyn (u dhow xadka Peru-Brazil). Waxa uu ammaanay wax-u Island oo ka mid ah la fageeyo, kaas oo xoolaha ku nool ee lacagta ah oo ku saabsan 1,000.

Perfect safarka firaaqada Jamhuuriyadda Colombia.

indhaha

In Colombia, waxaad ka arki kartaa ka taxadiri taariikhiga ah la ilaashaa oo ka mid ah ilbaxnimooyinka awood badan oo dahsoon ee Andean Hindida. Waxaa jira parks qaddiimiga xiiso Tierradentro iyo San Agustín. Waxay ogaadeen necropolis hore.

Dalxiisayaal booqan kartaa oo arag magaalada jir Spanish la kor si fiican u sii raagayaan si maalmood casriga ah taxadiri weyn ee naqshadaha Dr Makumbe (Spanish). Waa magaalo sida Tunja (Spanish waxaa la aasaasay sanadkii 1539), Villa de Leyva (saldhig - 1572) iyo Santa Cruz de Mompoks (aasaaskii ee 1540.).

The Republic of Colombia ayaa set oo ah kaydka qaranka iyo firdows, halkaas oo aad ka arki kartaa haadka qalaad qurux badan iyo xoolaha, xadiiqadaha qaranka ee Sierra Macarena, Tyrone, Farallones de Cali National Park Dabiiciga ah, Chiribikete, Ensenada de Morning, Park Qaranka Paramilo jasiiradda of Gorgon.

Vacationers in dalxiisayaasha Colombia waxaa la bixiyaa tours oo xiiso leh, inta lagu guda jiro taas oo aad wax dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan nolosha Hindida degaanka baran karaan. Halkan waxa kale oo aad booqan kartaa dhashay ee qoraaga caanka - Colombia Gabriel Garcia Marquez.

Sidoo kale waa in la ogaadaa in ka badan 1,700 oo noocyada shimbir ee Colombia.

dhaqanka

Colombia - Jamhuuriyadda la dhaqan qaabeeya by dhaqanka qadiimiga ah iyo caadooyinka ka mid ah Hindida oo barbariyiintiina of Africa iyo Europe (Spanish). Waxaa soo baxday in ay tahay - waa dal dhaqamo badan halkaas oo gobolada oo dhan waxay leeyihiin sifooyinka gaarka ah u gaar ah.

Dhaqanka dadweynaha Andean ku leedahay saamayn xoog leh Yurub. Oo dadka Caribbean - isku dar ah ee Afrika iyo Indian. Coast Pacific dhaqamada Afrika oo u dhaw. The salaysan dhaqanka ee berkedda weysada Amazon waa caadooyinka Indian.

Waxaa intaa dheer, gobol kasta uu leeyahay fasaxa ay reer Colombia u gaar ah.

fasaxyada

dadka reer Colombia ay yihiin kuwo aad jeclaan of mahrajaano. The ugu weyn iyaga ka mid ah waa in January (in Pasto) iyo February (Damaashaadka ee Latin America).

Of carwooyinka, ciidaha iyo bandhigyo waa in la soco waxa soo socda:

• Cali Fair.

• Ubaxa Show ee Medellin.

• International Music Festival Caribbean.

• Tiyaatarka Festival (Latin American).

• Festival magaalada Cartagena.

Colombia - Republic jecel dadka iyo yaqaano sida loo qabto xiiso leh. Iyo jimicsiga iyaga u, sidoo kale, ma aha meel la soo dhaafay. Sanad kasta waxaa baaskiil "Tour of Columbia" (March in ay April). Inta badan halkan tartamada ee tennis, kubada cagta iyo ciyaaraha kale. Oo bullfighting waa qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah dhaqanka ee umadan.

Inta badan ciidaha waa diinta ee dabiiciga ah, tusaale ahaan, ku malo, Iiddii xurmaysan Heart Ciise, Maalinta St.. Yuusuf.

cunnada qaranka Colombia

At ay asaasiga ah, cunnada qaranka ee dalka this - dhaqanka halkan ka hor furitaanka ee ay Columbus aasaasay. Waxaa dareemay labada saamayn Yurub iyo Asian.

The salaysan ku dhowaad dhammaan of suxuunta ay ka samaysan digirta, khudaarta, bariiska iyo noocyo kala duwan oo dhir udgoon.

cunnada Colombian waa mid aad u kala duwan oo mararka qaar aan caadi ahayn. Waxaa oo dhan waxay ku xiran tahay gobolka. Qaar ka mid ah xitaa cuni ku nooli ay la dubay, oo aan taabto meelaha kale.

xoogga weyn guud ahaan dalka si ay u sameeyaan suxuunta hilibka. In dhulka xeebaha, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa laga heleyaa suxuunta ka lobster, kalluunka iyo badda, kuwaas oo inta badan aad u diyaariyey Maraqa iyo caanaha qumbaha.

The Republic of Colombia ayaa ah cunnada ay qaranka ku waani, oo aan caadi ahayn loogu talagalay dalxiisayaasha badan. Sidaa darteed, sida caadiga ah, talo dalxiisayaasha isku dayaan in ay kaliya qaar ka mid ah suxuunta. Kuwani waa: maraq digaag la baradho, capers, avocado, hadhuudh iyo labeen dhanaan, moofo Corn sida canjeelada, bariiska ee caanaha qumbaha, maraq shiidan la basasha cagaaran iyo ukunta, caadka badda; hilibka doofaarka la digirta cas, hilib shiilan la baradho la shiilay plantains iyo kasaafada; soor bariis-qumbaha iyo saxamada kale oo digaag, hilib lo'aad, miro iyo khudaar.

The cabitaanka dhaqanka iyo ugu ballaaran, taasina waa kafeega, shukulaatada kulul, qasabka sonkorta iyo biyo, iyo casiir liin, Casiir furuto, khamriga iyo - biir, Rum (cawsduur vodka).

cabitaanka khamriga, khamriga Aguardiente (laga sameeyey qasabka sonkorta leh iyo kamuunta toban xoog 29%), Chicha (sharaabka si cajiib leh oo bariis ah, sonkorta iyo caanaha), Canelazo (casiirka furutada la qorfe).

jiga

Colombia - Republic isagoo xeebta Caribbean qaar ka mid ah jiga weyn loo jecel yahay - ee Latin America, Cartagena, Santa Marta. Aan ka fogayn xeebta yihiin jasiiradaha, meesha uu ku haboon dalxiisayaasha: Providencia, Santa Catalina iyo San Andres. xeebaha quruxda badan ciid cad oo la Qoryaale dhagax badeed fabulously qurux badan ayaa ku riyaaqay dalxiisayaal badan.

All of jiga xeebta, kuwaas oo ay bixiyaan adeegyo kala duwan oo loogu talagalay dalxiisayaasha: hotels, kooxaha, dukaamo iyo makhaayado. Kaliya ee weli dalxiis dhacsan xeebta Pacific ee qaybta galbeed ee dalka, inkasta oo ay jiraan sidoo kale xeebaha quruxda badan, iyo sidoo kale xeebta Caribbean. On kuwaas xeebaha iyo lagoons qurux badan iyo jasiirado. negative kaliya - inta badan da'o.

Gebogebadii - oo ku saabsan sida loo helo in Colombia

jiga midabo iyo soo jiidasho waa Colombia (Republic of). Sida loo helo iyadii, si ay u arkaan, kuwaas oo meelaha heer sare iyo in ay qaataan fasaxa?

In Colombia ka Russia waxaa duulimaad toos ah. Si aad u hesho on diyaarad lagu tagi karaa oo keliya on waddooyinka gaadiidka la kala iibsiga in garoomada diyaaradaha ee America ama Europe.

From France jiraan duulimaadyo joogto ah si toos ah Bogota, iyo sidoo kale ka Amsterdam oo Madrid.

Qaar badan oo North American (Washington, Atlanta, Houston, iyo kuwa kale.) Oo South American magaalooyinka (Caracas, Buenos Aires, Quito, iyo kuwa kale.) Ma toos ah lala Bogota.

Airport Colombia El Dorado waa 15 km xarunta of Bogota.

Si aad u aragto quruxda cajiib ah nooca weyn ee Colombia, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah si ay u gudbiyaan diyaarad quruxsan dheer.