Daahan Galvanic. Electroplating Technology. Electroplating

daahan Galvanic waa hab daahan a bir in qaar ka mid ah hab kale oo electrolysis. Habkani waxaa lagu fuliyaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo habab immersion caadiga ah. Ka dib markii preconditioning this loox circuit waxaa ku raran gelin qubeyska dahaadhay ah, taas oo ah capacitance ah insulator ah oo waxaa ka buuxsamay elektrolytka ah oo la siiyaa anodes (waxa laga yaabaa inay L iyo beelaya) iyo qalab loogu talagalay ilaalinta heerkulka iyo kareyso xalka.

ajuurada processing

Gudbinta ee DC keenaysaa in xaqiiqda ah in maaskarada ban dhigaa difaaca iyo xiran ay qaybo koronto ee guddiga waxaa lagu daboolay by lakabka ah ee nickel, ama dahabkiis, oo dhumucdiisuna waxay qaarkood. qaabkaaga habboon ee anodes wuxuu xaqiijinayaa in dhumucda daahan waa labis qiyaastii.

dahaadhay dahab PCB waxaa badanaa lagu sameeyaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo habka labada tallaabo. Marka hore, waxay yihiin dadka Hawiyaha qubeyska, kuna waari dhexdeeda nickel ah waxaa laga codsadaa by electroplating. Kani waxa uu isticmaalaa sare cufnaanta hadda, ku dheehan yahay xal acidic of lakabka nickel ah lagu shubo, oo dhumucdiisuna waxay a of 0.05-0.1 microns. Tani waxay xaqiijineysaa Amda xoogan oo nickel iyo copper, taas oo yaraynaysa porosity ee daahan iyo sidoo kale si looga hortago in wax lays of copper galay lakabka dahab ah. Ka dib markii lagu dhaqo, articles waxaa sida caadiga ah u dhaqaaqin qubeyska gilding halkaas oo awoodda laga sameeyey oo daaha dahab ah 0.5 m ka elektrolytka ah.

Electroplating iyo decoration

Xitaa wakhtiyadii hore, waxaa jiray decoration ah biraha farshaxanka. wax soo saarka Modern soo jeedisay in siiyo qaar ka mid ah guryaha gaarka ah ee galvanic biraha daaweyn dusha loo isticmaali. blaastiigga Protective oo ka mid ah macdanaha oo sharaf leh waxaa laga heli karaa iyada oo roobab biraha ka brines ku sarkhaansan yihiin koronto. Iyada oo blaastiigga waa suuragal ah in waqti dheer ah si ay u ilaaliyaan midabka iyo luster ee dahabka. Kama hortegayaan kaliya madoobaato badeecada, laakiin sidoo kale leedahay saamayn nadiifinayo fiican. Tusaale ahaan, dahaadhay dahab ama lacag u ogolaanaya in ay si joogto ah loo ilaalin lahaa midabka iyo luster ee dahabka.

Waxaa jira dhawr kala duwanaansho kala duwan ee geedi socodka this, kuwaasoo mid walba uu ku lug leedahay isticmaalka bir ah:

- chrome;

- dahaadhay naxaas ah;

- zinc,

- nickel,

- a daahan iyo waxa daasadda-bismuth,

- qayilo kiimikada,

- passivation kiimikada,

- anodizing;

- electropolishing.

chromium-dahaadhay

robab Tani dusha steel chromium waajihi ama dhigaalka on qaybo ka mid ah waxyaabaha daaha ka elektrolytka hoos tallaabo ah ee hadda korontada. Xaaladdan oo kale, electroplating waxaa diiradda lagu saaray ka ilaalinta daxalka waxaa loo isticmaalaa decoration ama sii kordhaya heerka qalbi engegnaantiinna aawadeed dusha. Dahaadhay in industry iyo waxaa loo isticmaali karaa decoration. Xaaladdan oo kale, ujeedada ugu weyn ee hanaanka - gabka luster a dusha macdan ah ee quruxda badan cajiib ah. Detail ka hor codsiga of chromium in la qoray.

guryaha daahan

dahaadhay chrome adag waxa lagu gartaa caabiga kulaylka, iska caabin ah ay xirtaan sare, wettability saboolka ah, khilaaf yar yahay, iyo plasticity hooseeyo. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, dusha helo guryaha sida xasilloonida marka la eego khilaaf, awood u leh inay hor istaagi qaybinta load ah, iyo sidoo kale khasaaraha la xidhiidha burburinta si fudud ku urursan hoos ugu rarataan culaysyo lama filaan ah. Dahaadhay chromium foomka oo caano ah waxa uu shahaadada hoose ee engegnaantaada iyo xirtaan iska caabin ah, porosity hooseeyo. dusha waxaa laga ilaaliyo daxalka iyadoo la ilaalinayo ah muuqaalka madaxtooyada soo jiidasho leh.

Isticmaalka warshadaha dahaadhay chrome

Ujeedada ugu weyn taas oo loo isticmaalo warshadaha, tani faahfaahin la siiyo guryaha oo kale, sida cimri dherer kordhay, kordheen caabiga daxalka iyo in la yareeyo khilaaf. Iyada oo habkan, steel uu noqdo mid xoog badan, gaaska aan la hoos geliyey wax daxalka iyo waxa aan la wada baabbi'iyey ee badda iyo biyaha caadiga ah, nitric acid. daahan Galvanic noocan ah u keenaysaa in xaqiiqda ah in cilladaha korka ka noqdaan muhiim ah oo kaliya sababtoo ah waxa loo baahan yahay in la sameeyo processing dheeraad ah, tan iyo markii ay dhacdo in this ma lays saamayn.

copperplating

Isticmaalka blaastiigga copper khuseeya xaaladaha kuwa marka waxaa loo baahan yahay in la kordhiyo conductivity korontada, iyo sidoo kale ay u isticmaalaan sida lakabka dhexe ee alaabta birta ka hor inta lagu shubo chrome, nickel ama daahan kale. Sayidka waxaa suurtagal ah si ay u bixiyaan Amda wanaagsan, iyo kor loogu qaado awoodda difaaca. dahaadhay naxaas aan si guud ahaan loo isticmaalo sida gaar ah ama madaxtooyada. Maaddaama ay biraha ku firfircoon yahay oo awood u leh ka hortagga formation of dhimbiiluhu, sheyga waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in industry saliidda iyo gaaska.

Isticmaalka dahaadhay naxaas

Nidaamkan waxaa loo isticmaalaa daahan of copper on alaabta birta ah ama silig bir ah. Inta badan, noocan ah ee daahan waxaa loo isticmaalaa si loo ilaaliyo meelaha alaabta birta ka cement iyo baaraandegi waqti isku mid ah bandhigi kuwa meelaha kaas oo la filayaa in ay sii processing by jarida.

Electroplating daahan biraha ay dhacdo in this inta badan loo isticmaalaa in industry saliidda iyo gaaska si looga hortago formation of dhimbiiluhu, oo duurka ku koronto ah dhigaalka ku xiga ee blaastiigga multilayer loogu talagalay ilaalinta iyo decoration, ee wax soo saarka oo looxyada ku circuit daabacay, si loo hagaajiyo Laxaamaddu, iyo sidoo kale qaar kale oo badan. Dusha helo midab casaan ka fudeyd guduud mugdi. midabo waxaa inta badan ahayn kuwa jaango'an.

mideyso

Mid ka mid ah hababka ugu badan ee ilaalinta waxyaabaha biraha waxaa mideyso. Sida caadiga ah waxaa loo isticmaalaa daaweynta kala duwan ee daawaha ama bir carbon fasalada. Electroplating noocan ah waa baahida loo qabo ku filan ilaalinta ee articles of silig ka dhigay iyo qaybood ah. Helitaanka jawi qoyan, dusha sare ee zinc ah u adeegtaa sida anode ah, sidaas gaabis reaction lagu qayilo, iyo bir waalidka halka qaata ilaalinta arrimaha kasin deegaanka.

Electroplating noocan ah waxaa loo isticmaali karaa oo kaliya ka dib markii wax soo saarka biraha si loo hawl si gaar ah. In sidaa la yeelo, oo iyaga ay nadiifiso ka miridhku, miisaanka, hardware qaboojinta codsiyada jilciyaha. Marka geeddi-socodka mideyso waa complete, alaabta waa in la hoos geliyey in la caddeeyo, i.e. waxaa la Iambarrada xal daciif ah nitric acid, raaceen by passivation. Sidaas ma aha oo kaliya suurto gal ah in la kordhiyo iska caabin ah ee alaabta galvanized in arrimaha negative, laakiin sidoo kale si aad u madaxtooyada, in ay tahay, in aad ku darto oo dhalaal iyo cado gaar ah. Electroplating Technology kiiskan ku lug leh oo dhumucdiisuna waxay daaha zinc 6 microns 1.5 mm.

nickel-dahaadhay

Ilaalinta waxyaabaha biraha lagu fulin karaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo noocyo kala duwan oo teknoolajiyada. Mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu caansan oo caadi ah xilligan la joogo waa nickel. caan noocan oo kale ah waxaa sabab u ah sifooyinka kiimikada ee nickel. Waxa uu leeyahay Heer sare ah ee iska caabin in ragaasi in dhexdhexaad ah aqueous, iyo xabagta nickel ka hortagtaa lagu qayilo dheeraad ah biraha. Intaa waxaa dheer, nickel liidata kasteba si cusbada, acids iyo alkalis, marka laga reebo nitric acid. Tusaale ahaan, oo dhumucdiisuna waxay dahaadhay of 0,125 mm a ka hortagaa inta badan gaasas warshadaha leh colaad korodhay. Waa arrin aad u muhiim ah oo la joogo noocan oo kale ah: nickel dahaadhay kasteba in ku dhowaad dhammaan Biraha, sidaas habkan waxaa loo isticmaali karaa processing dheeraad ah ee wax soo saarka.

Isticmaalka nickel ku haboon tahay tiro balaadhan oo ah hawlo:

- ilaalinta ee alaabta birta ah,

- isticmaalaan sida blaastiigga madaxtooyada,

- pre-sameynta lakabka in la hoos geliyey wax processing dheeraad ah;

- kabashada qaybo iyo kiniisadaha.

daahan waxaa lagu gartaa iska caabin ah ay xirtaan sare iyo engegnaantaada iyo waxaa lagu talinayaa in qaybo ka mid ah in shaqeeyaan xaaladaha khilaaf, gaar ahaan ka maqan ee sifaynta kasta, loo isticmaalo ilaalinta daxalka, iyo sidoo kale ku siin solders brazing heerkulka tayo hooseeyo, oo dhan qoray in ISO. blaastiigga Electroplated kordhay brittleness, si kastaba ha ahaatee, laguma talinayo in uu soo saaro faafeysey iyo foorarsiga qaybo nidaamka dahaadhay nickel maray. Waxaa lagu talinayaa in aad dalbato faahfaahinta slozhnoprofilirovannyh. Ka dib markii nidaamka daaweynta kulaylka xaaladaha 400 degrees Celsius daahan noqdo darantahay ingeega, ugu badnaan.

Tin-bismuth

daahan iyo waxa daasadda ah waxa lagu gartaa iska caabin ah si ay tallaabo xeryahooda baaruud-ka kooban, waxaa lagu talinayaa, waayo qaybo ka mid ah in ay yihiin xiriir la caag iyo bacyaal. Ka mid ah hantida la odhan karaa Amda wanaagsan la biraha saldhig, barti, awood u leh inay foorarsiga, barbaro, jediyay, kacdo, press-taam, iyo sidoo kale haynta wanaagsan inta lagu guda jiro qurxiyo. daahan iyo waxa daasadda immika si fiican laftiisa yaridda in kabida.

natiijooyinka

Dahaadhay hagaajinaysaa dabeecadaha meelaha tabinta, wuxuuna iyaga siiyey guryaha ningax korontada ka xoogbadan, iyo sidoo kale ilaalinta ka dhanka ah saamaynta walxaha kala duwan. Waxaa intaa dheer, habka tani waxay u oggolaanaysaa in la helo dusha u fiican isagoo aragti Seme, iyo sidoo kale simulating daahan dhaldhalaalka. Way adag tahay in ka badbadiya electroplating sida ay muhiim in industry ee casriga ah sida horumarinta technology ogol yahay in la sameeyo geeddi-ka kaamilsan.