Daroogada Antimicrobial: dulmar ah, codsiga iyo warcelin. Wakiilka inta badan wax ku ool ah antimicrobial

Daawooyinka loo isticmaalo in lagu daaweeyo cudurro kala duwan. Oo weliba si looga hortago. Daawooyinka imanaysa alaabta khudradda cayriin, macdanta, kiimikada, iyo wixii la mid ah. D. Mixtura, budo, kiniin, kaabsoosha loo xilsaaray in dose adag qeexay diyaariyey. In this article waxaan diirada saari doontaa on daroogada antimicrobial.

Waa maxay antimicrobials?

Taariikhda antimicrobials bilaabmaa helitaanka penicillin. Waxa uu si guul ah ku dagaalama bakteeriyada. Iyadoo ku saleysan, saynisyahano bilaabeen in ay soo saaraan antimicrobials ka xeryahooda dabiici ah ama aan dabiici ahayn. daawooyinka noocan oo kale ah waxaa ka mid ah in ay "antibiotics" group. Wakiilka antimicrobial, ka duwan kuwa kale, waxay dishaa sheyga si dhakhso ah oo waxtar leh. Ay u isticmaalaan dhanka ah fangaska kala duwan, ✰Malax mid iyo t. D.

Antimicrobials - kooxda ugu weyn ee daroogada. Inkastoo qaab-dhismeedka kiimiko kala duwan iyo hab garoomada, waxay wadaagaan dhowr guri oo gaar ah. Dila "cayayaanka" ee unugyada, ma unugyada. Waxqabadka of antibiotics hoos waqti, sababtoo ah bakteeriyada sida uu bilaabo inuu dhiso qabatimo.

Noocyada wakiilada antimicrobial

daroogada Antimicrobial kala qaybsan yihiin saddex kooxood. First - taasi waa dabiiciga ah (dhalatada d, malab, iwm ...).

Second - semisynthetic. Waxay kala qaybsan yihiin saddex nooc:

• benisiliinta Antistaphylococcal (oxacillin). Waxay leeyihiin spectrum isla bakteeriyada sida penicillin, laakiin hawl yar. Ka codso dadka waaweyn iyo caruurta.
• daroogada Broad-spectrum. Waxaa ka mid ah "Ampicillin" simaha on bakteeriyada Gram-negative (salmonella, iwm D.). Waayo, Streptococcus isagu waa firfircoon ka yar. Absolutely saameyn ah kuma laha qaar ka mid ah bakteeriyada kale (Klebsiella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa , iyo D. sidaas on.). "Amoxicillin" sidoo kale waxay khusaysaa nooca labaad. Waa antibiotic horseedka afka ee dunida. Labada ka mid ah [daroogada loo qaadan karaa in ay dadka waaweyn iyo caruurta.
• benisiliinta Pseudomonas. Waxaa jira laba dacawo - carboxy iyo ureidopenitsilliny.

Saddexaad - dardaro antimicrobials. Tani waa koox weyn oo daroogo.

Sulfonamides. Daawooyinka ee kooxdan waxaa lagu magacaabay, haddii ay jiraan waa dulqaad in antibiotics ama microflora iyaga ma soo jawaabin. In talaabo ay ka badan firfircoon ka badan daroogada sulfonamides yihiin. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah:

• "Streptocide".
• "Norsulfazol".
• "Sulfadimezin".
• "Urosulfan".
• "Ftalazol".
• "Sulfadimetoksin".
• "Bactrim".

taagayo Quinolone. Asal ahaan, kooxdan oo ah daawooyinka loo isticmaalo cudurada nidaamka genitourinary, enterocolitis, cholecystitis, iwm, sannadihii la soo dhaafay iyo aad u badan inta badan isticmaalaan taagayo quinolone cusub ..:

• "Ciprofloxacin".
• "Norfloxacin".
• "Pefloksatsina".
• "Lomefloxacin".
• "Moxifloxacin".
• "Ofloxacin".

Waxaa sare waa wakiilada antimicrobial isagoo spectrum balaadhan oo ah tallaabo. Waxay firfircoon ka yar bakteeriyada garaam-positive yihiin. Wakiilka antimicrobial qoray cudurada of caabuqyada neef-mareenka iyo kaadi mareenka, kaadi mareenka ku calool-ka.

Waxaa kaloo jira koox saddexaad ee taagayo of 8-hydroxyquinoline. Waxaa ka mid ah tiro ka mid ah xeryahooda kaas oo ay leeyihiin antifungal, anti-dulinka iyo anti-bakteeriyo waxqabad ( "Nitroxoline", "Meksaform", iwm). Taagayo "nitrofurans" ( "furazolidone" iyo "Furatsilinom") iyo "nitroimidazole" ( "Tinidazole" iyo "Metronidazole").

Sidee antimicrobials?

Antiinfectives uu leeyahay laba nooc oo ah (on Saamaynta):

• "Tsidny" (bakteeriyada, fungicides, ama protozia- viri-). Xaaladdan oo kale burburinta wakiilka faafa.
• "Ma guurto ah" (la horgalayaasha isku mid ah). Xaaladdan oo kale, oo kaliya in la joojiyo ama la joojiyo dhufashada pathogene.

In case of xad gudub ku ah difaaca jirka magacaabay daroogo "tsidnye". Oo antibiotics waa in loo badalaa xilliyo gaar ah ama in la isticmaalo daawooyin kale.

Antimicrobials laga yaabaa in cidhiidhi ah ama tiro balaadhan oo ah ficillada. cudurada intooda badan waxaa sababa hal pathogene ah. Xaaladdan oo kale ah ", ballaadhkiisuna" daroogada ma aha oo kaliya ay noqon doontaa wax ka yar ku ool ah, laakiin sidoo kale waxyeello u microflora faa'iido ee u shaqeeyo. Sidaa darteed, dhakhaatiirta kuu qori antibiotics in "cidhiidhi ah" spectrum of talaabo.

antimicrobials

wakiilada anti-bararka iyo anti-microbial kala qaybsan yihiin saddex kooxood. Main - waa antibiotics. Waxay u kala qaybsan yihiin 11 nooc oo waaweyn:

• Beta-lactam. Waxaa jira saddex kooxood: A (benisiliinta) iyo B (cephalosporins) iyo B (carbapenems). daroogada Tani ballaadhan-spectrum leh saamayn bacteriostatic. Joojinta microbes protein, wiiqi ilaalintooda.
• Tetracycline'nada. Bacteriostatic, tallaabada ugu muhiimsan - Iscelin of Avv borotiinka microbial. Waxaa laga yaabaa in qaab kiniin, cadar ( "oletetrin", "hydrochloride tetracycline") ama irbada ( "Doxycycline").
• Macrolides. Ku xad daacadnimada xuub adigoo la xiriiraya dufanka.
• Aminoglycosides. Waxay leeyihiin ficil bactericidal xadgudub ku ah Avv borotiinka.
• Fluoroquinolones. Saamayn bactericidal, joogsada ensaymes bakteeriyada. Khashkhashaan microbes Avv DNA.
• Lincosamides. Bacteriostats isku xirta qaybaha xuub microbial.
• "Chloramphenicol". Haddii kale - "Chloramphenicol". Waxay leedahay sumoobo sare si ay u dhuuxa lafta iyo dhiig. Sidaa darteed advantageously dhayayo codsatay (sida cadar).
• "Polymyxin" (M iyo B). Xeerka eegista in flora garaam-negative.
• TB. Inta badan loo isticmaalo dhanka ah dee-, laakiin waxtar u leh qaybaha kala ballaaran. Laakiin daawooyinkan qaaxada oo kaliya waxaa lagu daaweeyaa tan iyo markii ay arkaa in ay yihiin siyaado ah ( "Rifampicin", "INH").
• Sulfonamides. Waxay leeyihiin waxyeelo badan, si aan maanta loo isticmaalo.
• Nitrofurans. Bacteriostats, laakiin at-fiirsashada sare - bactericides. Loo isticmaalo inta badan ee cudurada: xiidmaha ( "furazolidone" "nifuroxazide" "Enterofuril") iyo kaadi mareenka ( "FURAMAG" "furadonin").

Kooxda labaadna - bacteriophages. Waxaa loo xilsaaray sidii xal loogu talagalay la mariyo ama afka (mayrin, dhaqidda, kiriim). Isticmaalka wakiilada antimicrobial loo isticmaalo in kooxdan iyo xaaladaha dysbacteriosis ama fal-celinta xasaasiyadda on antibiotics.

Kooxda ayaa saddexaad - aalkolada. Waxay waxaa loo isticmaalaa Jeermis-ka (daawaynta dhaawacaa, afka iyo maqaarka).

antimicrobial Best

"Sulfamethoxazole" - taasi waa wakiilka ugu fiican antimicrobial. Waxay leedahay spectrum balaadhan oo ah tallaabo. "Sulfamethoxazole" waa firfircoon ka dhanka ah sheyga badan. Waxaa blocks-shiid bakteeriyada iyo ka hortagtaa ay taranka iyo koritaanka. "Sulfamethoxazole" - isku-dar ah antimicrobials. Waxaa loogu tala galay daawaynta:

• cudurada kaadida (cystitis, urethritis, prostatitis, pielita, hurgumada kilyaha, jabtada iyo cudurrada kale);
• boronkiitada daran ama dabadheeraad ah,
• -mareenka;
• infekshanka caloosha iyo mindhicirka (shuban, daacuun, laambiya, xundhurta, qandho tiifowga, cholecystitis, caloosha, cholangitis);
• ENT-xubnaha,
• pneumonia,
• finan;
• wajahaya;
• kareyso,
• cudurada dhaawac ah;
• bax unugyada jilicsan,
• otitis media,
• jidiinka dhuunta,
• meningitis,
• duumada,
• brucellosis,
• hogaga;
• malax maskaxda;
• osteomyelitis;
• septicaemia,
• toxoplasmosis,
• blastomycosis American South;
• iyo tiro ka mid ah cudurada kale.

Isticmaalka "SMZ" ballaaran, laakiin waxay u baahan yihiin in la tasho dhakhtar, sida dawooyinka oo dhan, waxa uu leeyahay tiro ka mid ah sababo iyo waxyeelo. Waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in lala socdo ay fiirsashada ee plasma dhiigga.

Carruurta antimicrobials

daawooyinka Antimicrobial ee carruurta waxaa aad si taxadir leh u doortay, sida uu sheegay cudurka. Ma aha daawooyinka oo dhan waxaa lagu ansixiyay si loogu daweeyo carruurta.

Group wakiilada antimicrobial ku jira laba nooc oo ah daroogada:

• Nitrofuranovye ( "furazolidone", "Furatsilinom", "furadonin"). Waxay si fiican u joogsada bakteeriyada (Streptococcus, Staphylococcus iyo sida D. ah.) Oo shidaa habka difaaca jirka. Loo isticmaalaa in lagu daaweeyo cudurrada mareenka kaadida iyo xiidmaha. Good u leh carruurta xasaasiyadda. Isla daawooyin iyo kale ascorbic acid magacaabay.
• Hydroxyquinoline ( "intestopan", "negro", "enteroseptol", "Nitroxoline"). daawooyinkaas waxa ay dilaan microbes by anada maarmin ay (wareer colitis, dabadhiig, qandho tiifowga iyo D. sidaas on.). Waxaa loo isticmaalaa in cudurrada xiidmaha. "Nitroxoline" - qaba caabuqyada kaadi-mareenka.

Waxa loo isticmaalaa tiro ka mid ah daroogada kale anti-bararka. Laakiin ay doorashada ku xiran tahay cudurka ilmaha. Inta badan caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo group penicillin. Tusaale ahaan, waayo, dhuun xanuun iyo cudurada kale ee ay keento streptococcus "A" sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa benisiliinta «G» iyo «V».

daawooyinka dabiiciga ah waxaa lagu qoray ee waraabowga, cudurada meningococcal, Listeriosis, cudurka dhalaanka (oo la yidhaahdo streptococcus "B"). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, daaweynta waxaa si gaar ah loo qoondeeyey, iyada oo la tixgelinayo tolerability ah.

Carruurta daawooyinka anti-bararka

In Caruurta qoondeeyo 3 kooxaha ugu waaweyn ee daroogada anti-bararka ,

• Hargabka ( "oxoline", "Alguire"). "Rimantadine" ma mari virus si unugyada. Laakiin mid ka mid ah oo hore waa in jidhka, ma saamayn ku yeelan karaan. Sidaa darteed, daroogada waa in la qaato in saacadihii hore ee cudurka qaba. Oo waxaa loo isticmaalaa ka hortagga encephalitis (ka dib qaniinyada sax ah).
• Antiherpethetical ( "Zovirax", "Acyclovir").
• Broad-spectrum ( "globulin gamma"). Dibazol wuxuu kobciyaa nidaamka difaaca jirka, laakiin si tartiib ah. Sidaa darteed, inta badan loo isticmaalo ka hortagga hargabka. "Interferon" - walax qoomiyadda in la soo saaray ee jirka. Waxaa shidaa borotiinka fayruska. Sidaas darteed, waxay kordhisaa iska caabin ah jirka ee fayraska. "Interferon" si looga hortago cuduro badan oo faafa iyo dhibaatooyin ay.

Antimicrobial iyo anti-bararka hab dabiici ah

Kiniiniga, xal, budo aan had iyo jeer isla markiiba loo isticmaalo. Haddii ay suurto gal in ay isticmaalaan wakiil antimicrobial, taas oo ku siinayaa nooca uu yahay, mararka qaarkood waxa aanu gaari oo dhan ka hor inta dejinaya. Sidoo kale iyo geedo yaryar oo badan, infusions iyo decoctions ka saari kara geedi socodka bararka. Liiska:

• diyaarinta ku salaysan macaan, rosemary, Alder, iyo burooyinkeeda geed;
• doodii aqueous of jilif geedkii ku,
• Infusions of ugdoon;
• johannesört St John;
• officinalis geed husob la yidhaahdo ,
• Burnet;
• Mas mountaineer;
• midhaha geed rotem la yidhaahdo;
• milix;
• toon,
• xikmadda ka baxo.

Waxaan is-Dawada loo isticmaalayo karaa antimicrobials?

Aan dhaqtar kuu qorin ee ay u isticmaalaan antimicrobials mamnuuc is-daawo. doorashada Wrong daawada keeni kara in ay xasaasiyad ama kororka dadweynaha ee microbes in aan u nugul yihiin daroogada. Waxaa laga yaabaa in goiter ah. microbes badbaaday saari karaan cudurka chronic, iyo natiijada - muuqaalka kore ee cudurada difaaca jirka.