Diyaarad jet Modern. jet waxay marka hore

dhalinyarada ee maanta, iyo xitaa muwaadiniinta baaluq, waa ay adag tahay in la fahmo waxa sababay reyn, waxaa u muuqday mashiinada duulaya markaas waa fantastik. dhibco silvery si degdeg ah dissecting samada buluug ah, faraxsan, malaha dadka dhalinyarada ah konton konton hore. Wide raad uumiga shaki ku jirin in nooca engine ka tegey. Maanta, kaliya kulan computer sida War Thunder, iyadoo ay soo jeedinta si ay u iibsadaan diyaarada jet ah xayaysiis USSR, ku siin qaar ka mid ah fikrad ku saabsan marxalada this of horumarinta diyaaradaha qoyska. Laakiin waxaa dhammaan bilaabay xitaa ka hor.

Waa maxay macnaha ah "Waxyeelo"

Su'aal A macquul ah u kacaya oo ku saabsan magaca nooca diyaaradaha. In English waxaa codadka kooban: Jet. qeexidda Ruush Si Maldahan U jiritaanka nooc ka mid ah cadaanyo. Waxaa hubaal ah in aan laga hadlin in lagu qayilo ee shidaalka - oo waa hadiyad in shidaalka caadiga ah matoorada. Mabda'a hawlgalka ee jet diyaaradaha waa isku mid sida gantaalka u. dareen-celin jirka jirka ciidanka ee jet gaaska saaray waxaa ka muujiyay in u siiyo dhinaca ka soo horjeeda ee xawaaraha. inta kale oo dhan - waxay leeyihiin subtleties, oo ay ka mid koobin kala duwan farsamo nidaamka, sida guryaha aerodynamic, nidaamka of profile garabka, nooca engine. Waxaa jira fursado kala duwan taas oo shirkadaha injineernimada u imid in geeddi-socodka, inta badan xal la mid ah, ka madax banaan kasta oo kale.

Sooci karin diyaarad gantaal cilmi ee wajigan si dhab ah. In berrinkii Sheelare budo lagu rakibay si loo yareeyo dhererka ku orod iyo afterburner ah, shaqada waxaa lagu sameeyey dagaalka ka hor. Waxaa intaa dheer, isku day ah si loo soo dajiyo motor ka kombaresarada (guuldareysteen) in diyaarad Coanda ee 1910 oggol yahay hindisa ah Henri Coandă caddayn mudnaanta ee Romanian ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, design tani waxay ahayd markii hore si fiican u shaqaynayn, kuwaas oo la xaqiijiyey by baaritaan ugu horeysay, inta lagu guda jiro kaas oo diyaarad gubay.

tallaabooyinka u horeeya ee

The diyaaradaha jet marka hore awood u qabashada hawada muddo dheer, ka dib u muuqatay. Horseedka ahaayeen Jarmalka, inkastoo qaar ka mid ah horumarka laga sameeyay dalalka kale, saynisyahano - Maraykanka, Italy, Britain oo dib halka farsamo Japan. baarka Kuwaasu waxay ahaayeen, in fact, gliders qarxiyay dagaalka ee caadiga ah, kaas oo lagu rakibay ee matoorada nooca cusub propellers wax garad, taas oo la yaab leh oo aamin. In USSR ee dhibaatadan, injineero ayaa sidoo kale ku lug lahaa, laakiin ma aha sida firfircoon, iyadoo culayskana la saarayo farsamo fur la xaqiijiyay oo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee model diyaarad jet B-1, qalabaysan design TRD dharabtiyo AM la baaro ka hor dagaalka. unit ayaa waxaa aad aan lagu kalsoonaan karin, nitric acid, waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida oxidant ah, cunidda ilaa Haamaha Shiidaalka, waxaa jiray arrimaha kale, laakiin tallaabooyinka u horeeya ee mar walba adag yihiin.

"Shturmfogel" Hitler

Maxaa yeelay, laabaha Fuhrer ee, ay rajaynayeen inay burburin ah "colka Reich ah" (oo uu tixgeliyaa dalka ee ku dhowaad dhammaan inta kale ee dunida), ee Germany ka dib markii bilowgii dagaalkii labaad ee dunida shaqada u soo jeestay on abuurista noocyada kala duwan ee "hubka yaab", oo ay ku jiraan diyaaradaha. dhammaan meelaha hawlaha aan ku guuleysan. Waayo, mashaariic guulaha waxaa ka mid ah "Messerschmitt-262" (aka "Shturmfogel") - diyaaradda jet ugu horeysay ee adduunka si ay u mass-soo saaray. Qalabka wuxuu ahaa qalabeeyey laba matoorada turbojet, radar qayb sanka, xawaare sare ku dhow inay Sonic (in ka badan 900 km / h) leeyihiin, oo ahayd hab arrin wax ku ool ah wax ka qabashada B-17 ( "qalcaddayda duulaya") sokeeye-sare sare. Adolf Hitler iimaanka xamaasadaysan ee fursadaha aan caadi ahayn of technology cusub, si kastaba ha ahaatee, Habka door xun ee qofeed dagaalka Me-262. Waxaa loo qorsheeyay sidii dagaal ah, waxa uu si toos ah oo ay ku "ka sarreeya", beddelay qarxiyay ah, iyo in la wanaajiyo waxa uu si buuxda u cadaato.

"Arado"

Mabda 'jet ahaa codsatay dhexe ee 1944 loogu talagalay dhismaha qarxiyay a "Arado-234" (mar kale by Germany). Waxa uu u suurtagashay in ay muujiyaan awoodooda dagaal aan caadi ahayn, weerarka jagooyinka Xulafada soo degay degaanka ee dekedda leh ee Cherbourg. Speed of 740 km / h iyo toban saqafka ma siin flak fursad dhuftay bartilmaameedka, laakiin dagaalka ah Maraykan iyo Ingiriiska oo kaliya ma qabsan karo isaga oo leh. Waxa intaa dheer in qaraxii (aad u heegay in sababo cad), "Arado" soo saaray sawir hawada. waayo-aragnimo labaad ee u isticmaalaya sida loola shoog qaaday magaalada Liège badan. khasaaraha Jarmal ma gashay, iyo haddii khayraadka ka Nazi Germany ahaa weyn iyo warshadaha ee uu awoodi doono inuu sii daayo "Ar-234" ee qadarka ka badan 36 nuqulo ka mid ah wadamada isbahaysiga anti-Hitler ayaa si xun u nabdoonaa lahaa.

"U-287"

horumar Jarmal gacmaha saaxiibtinimo ku dhex dhacday inta lagu guda jiro wons World Second dhigayaa dib guuldaradii of naasigii. dalalka reer galbeedka hore u yihiin in wajiga ugu danbeeya ee dagaalka ayaa bilaabay in ay u diyaar garoobaan iska hor imaad soo socda la USSR. hoggaanka Stalin ee qaatay counter-tallaabooyin. Labada dhinac, waxa uu ahaa cad in dagaalka soo socda, haddii ay qaadataa meel, wuxuu noqon doonaa Diyaaradaha dagaal. USSR waagaas weli ma saameyn ah awoodda nuclear ka shaqaynayay oo kaliya abuurka ah ee technology ee wax soo saarka ee qaraxa qaaradda. Laakiin Americans aad u xiiso badan entrapped "Junkers-287", kaas oo lahaa xogta duulimaadka gaar ah (load dagaal ee 4000 kg, kala duwan ee 1500 km, dhismo 5000 m, xawaaraha 860 km / h). Afar engine sweepback negative (mustaqbalka noocooda "aan la arki karin) oo u ogolaanaya isticmaalka diyaarad ah qaaradda sida side.

The ugu horeysay ee guudahaan

Diyaaradaha aan door muhim ah inta lagu jiro dagaalkii labaad ee dunida, sidaa darteed in badan oo ka mid ah goobaha wax soo saarka Soviet diiradda dadaalka ay horumarin ku design iyo sii kordhaya wax soo saarka ee ah dagaalyahanada fur caadiga ah, diyaarado weerar iyo qarax. Su'aasha ah a eedeeyay dhexdhexaad filayo qaaradda ay adag tahay, oo waxaa la go'aansaday in si deg deg ah ay kaga dayanayaan Maraykanka Boeing B-29 (Tu-4), laakiin ujeedada ugu weyn ee uu ahaa mucaaradka si kasta oo suurto gal ah gardarada ah. Si taas, ugu horreeya oo dhan Xarakada baahan yahay - dhaadheer, dhiifoon iyo, dabcan, xawaaraha. Oo ku saabsan sida si ay u horumariyaan jihada cusub ee diyaaradaha, waxaa lagu xukumi karaa by warqadda of naqshadeeye A. ku S. Yakovleva ee golaha dhexe (Dayrta 1945), kuwaas oo laga helay faham gaar ah. Daraasad fudud ee xisbiga technology Jarmal qabsadeen waxaa loo arkaa qiyaas ku filan. Country ahaayeen lagama maarmaan Diyaaradaha Soviet oo casri ah oo aan liita iyo ka sareyso heerka dunida. At parade ee 1946 oo lagu sharfayo guuradii ee October ee (Tushino) ay lahaayeen in ay dadka iyo marti sharaf shisheeye muujiyaan.

Temporary Yaqui iyo MiGs

Show in uu ahaa, laakiin ma aysan dhicin, soo koobay cimilada, waxaa jiray ceeryaan ah. Bannaanbaxa diyaarad cusub ayaa u dhaqaaqay Day May. diyaarad jet Soviet The horreeyey waxaa la sameeyey taxane ah oo 15 tijaabooyinka, Waxaa la soo saaray Mikoyan iyo Gurevich (MiG-9) oo Yakovlev (Yak-15). Labada shay-baarka khilaafeen tallaabooyinka qolof jaantuska, taas oo qayb dabada of hoose ee laga maydho by jet soo saaray by biiyaha ah. Dabcan, waayo ilaalinta kulayl, qaybo, kuwaas oo daboolay lakabka dahaadhay gaarka ah ee biraha madax adkaadeen sameeyey. Labada diyaaradood ahaayeen miisaanka kala duwan, engine iyo ujeedada, laakiin guud ahaan u dhiganta gobolka ee dugsiga dhismaha diyaaradaha Soviet ah afartameeyaha daahay. Ay ujeedada ugu weyn ee ay ahayd inuu u dhaqaaqo nooc cusub oo warshad koronto, laakiin ka baxsan in ay sidoo kale qabtaan hawlo kale oo muhiim ah: diyaarad tababarka shaqaalaha iyo horumarinta arrimaha farsamada. Diyaaradaha Kuwanu, inkastoo tiro badan oo ka mid ah wax soo saarka (boqolaal units), ayaa la arkay sida ku meel gaar ah iyo in la bedelo sida ugu dhakhsaha badan, isla markiiba ka dib muuqaalka kore ee naqshado badan oo horumarsan. Iyo ugu dhakhsaha badan, la joogo ayaa soo gaaray.

shan iyo tobnaad

Diyaarad Tani ayaa halyeey ka noqday. Oo isagu wuxuu dhisay ah taxane nabadda loo arag, labadaba dagaal iyo in version dugsiga aadeen. Qorshahaa waxa ka mid ah MiG-15 loo isticmaalaa xalal badan oo kacaan farsamo, isku day ugu horeysay si loo abuuro nidaam samatabbixinta pilot lagu kalsoonaan karo a (CATAPULT), waxaa lagu qalabaysan hub ciidan ah madfac xoog badan. xawaaraha jet, yar ah, laakiin aad wax ku ool, isaga sahlay in ay jabiyaan ka armadas of qarax istiraatiiji culus oo cirka of Korea, halkaas oo dagaal ku kacday ilaa wax yar ka dib bixitaanka interceptor cusub. u dhigma ee MiG a noqday American "Saber", dhisay on nidaamka la mid ah. Inta lagu jiro qalabka dagaalka gacmaha cadowga ku dhex dhacday. diyaarad Soviet afduubtay tijaabo ah North Korea, jirrabay abaalmarin lacag caddaan ah ka weyn. Soo dhaca "American" awooday inuu ka baxo biyaha iyo gaadiid in Midowga Soofiyeeti. Waxaa jira ah "sarrifka oo waayo aragnimo ah" is in ay ka xal design ugu guulaha badan bartaan.

jet rakaabka

xawaaraha diyaaradda jet ah - ay faa'iido ugu weyn, oo waa dabaqi karo ma aha oo kaliya in ay qarax oo ka tirsan. Horeba ee afartameeyaha daahay Airlines International ka degay dalaka "dhagax xiddig", ka dhisay Britain. Waxaa si gaar ah u abuuray gaadiidka dadka, waxay ahayd raaxo leh oo dhakhso ah, laakiin nasiib darro ma lagu kalsoonaan karo, oo toddoba shilalka dhacay laba sano gudahood. Laakiin horumarka berrinkii-xawaaraha sare ee gaadiidka rakaabka ayaa wax aan macquul aheyn in ay joojiyaan. In bartamihii konton konton-in USSR u muuqday tu-104 version diinta halyeeyga ah qarxiyay Tu-16. Inkastoo ay dhacdo diyaarad badan oo ka dhacay iyadoo diyaarad cusub, diyaaradaha jet sii kordheysa addoonsada diyaaradaha ee. Tartiib tartiib u sameeyaan muuqaalka muddo-dheer ah oo dalaka iyo fikradda ah waxa ay noqon waa. Propellers (propellers fur) loo isticmaalo by samaynta sii kordheysa dhif.

diyaarad dagaal Generation:, labaad ugu horeysay ee ...

Sida ku dhowaad farsamo kasta, interceptors jet waxa lagu kala saaraa ka ab. Guud ahaan waxaa hadda jira shan, oo ay ku kala duwan yihiin ma aha oo kaliya in lagu daydo sano edition, laakiin sifooyinka design. Haddii fikradda ah baarka ugu horeeyay ee asal ahaan u lahaa inuu ka soo leexdo soo baxay saldhigga ah ee guulaha berrinkii aerodynamics classical (si kale loo dhigo, nooc ka mid ah engine ahaa farqiga ugu weyn ee u dhaxeeya), jiilka labaad wareegay qaababka lagama (garabka xaaqan, qaab gebi ahaanba kala duwan ee sooctey iyo wixii la mid ah.) In konton konton ah, waxaa la dareemay in dagaal hawada waa marna ma xiran doono qof maneuverable, laakiin waqtiga ayaa muujisay reer xamarku ee opinion this.

... iyo Kii saddexaadna wuxuu u shanaad

"Dog qadaha" ah si demoqaraadiyad ah oo u dhexeeya "Skyhawk", "Phantoms" iyo MiGs cirka ka badan Vietnam iyo Bariga Dhexe ayaa tilmaamay koorsada horumarinta dheeraad ah, sixitaanka ay ka imanayaan ay interceptors jet qarniga labaad. garabka geometry variable, awoodda badan overspeed dhawaaqa iyo gantaalo isku dhafan oo ah muuqaalada hage steel awood qarnigii saddexaad. Currently, saldhigga ciidamada cirka ee park ee wadamada horumaray teknoolajiyada sare koobnaan qarniga afraad ee gaariga, kaas oo noqday wax soo saarka ee horumarinta dheeraad ah. On hubka u yimaadeen baarka ka kaamilsan isku xawaaraha sare, dhaqaajinta, aragti hoose iyo hab EW. Tani qarniga shanaad.

engine Turbofan

Dibadda Diyaaradaha maanta baarka ugu horeysay ma raadiyo ugu anachronistic. View badan oo iyaga ka mid ah waa kuwo casri ah, iyo caddaymaha (sida saqafka iyo xawaaraha) ma yihiin kuwo aad u kala duwan laga bilaabo maanta, ugu yaraan at jaleecada hore. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, on yiqiin dhow oo leh sifooyin waxqabadka ee mashiinada, kuwaas oo ah, waxaa cad in tobankii sano ee la soo dhaafay si ay u sameeyaan horumar degdeg ah a tayo ee laba qaybood oo waaweyn. Waa midda koowaade, fikrada guud ee dulinka riixdaan variable, abuurista suurtagalnimada of dagaaleed oo af badan oo lama filaan ah. Second, diyaaradaha dagaalka hadda awoodaan in ay sii joogaan dheer hawada iyo safraan masaafo weyn. factor Tan waxa u sabab isticmaalka shidaalka yar yahay, in uu yahay dhaqaale. Waxaa gaari waxaa la isticmaalayo, in ay ku riday luqadda farsamo, dual-circuit (low-baas). Khubarada ogahay in technology sari sheegay bixisaa dheeraad ah oo buuxda ay soo sari.

Sifooyinka kale ee diyaaradaha casriga jet

Dhowr iyaga ka mid ah. matoorada diyaaradaha jet sokeeye Modern ciyaari buuq yar yahay, raaxada sare iyo xasiloonida sare ee horyaalka. caadi ahaan waxay yihiin ballaaran-jirka (oo ay ku jiraan mnogopalubnye). Muunado diyaarad military waxay leeyihiin hab (firfircoon oo dadban) gaaro saxiixa radar hoose iyo dagaal electronic. In dareenka, shuruudaha difaaca iyo nidaamyada ganacsi ee maanta jareyso. baahida Karti dhammaan noocyada kala duwan ee diyaaradaha, inkastoo sababo kala duwan: in mid ka mid ah kiiska, si loo hagaajiyo faa'iidada, kale - si loo kordhiyo gacan dagaalka. Oo maanta waxaan u leeyihiin in ay u qaylin doonaan sida yar ee suurtogalka ah rayidka iyo ciidankaba.