ENEA - dhulka hoostiisa ah. tareenka dhulka hoostiisa "ENEA"

Moscow Metro ayaa, isagoo xarunta gaadiidka dadweynaha ugu weyn ee magaalada, kana soobixiya wax a hawlaha more yar. Waxa intaa dheer in ilaalinta awood dadweynaha oo uu ku sameeyo hawlaha on difaaca guud ee rayidka ah ee magaalada, Metro Moscow sidoo kale waa tiir aad u qiimo leh dhaqanka ee dalka, si cad u muujinaysa taariikhda horumarinta iyo heerarka kala duwan ee horumarka bulshada.

bandhiga ugu weyn ee USSR

Exhibition of Guulaha Dhaqaalaha ee USSR ah (VDNKh) ay magaca helay sannadkii 1959. Marka hore, ay magaca ka dhawaajisay sida "All-Midowga Beeraha Exhibition." adag waxaa la furay Moscow ee 1939 ee degaanka ugu badan ee u dhexeeya ee Main Botanical Garden madadaalada iyo Ostankino Park oo ka shaqeeyay ilaa 1941. Dagaalka ka dib, hadalkay la furay oo kaliya 1954, iyo 1992 waxaa magacooda loo baxshay All-Ruush Exhibition Centre ah (VVC). In ka sano prewar, bandhig la mid ah ayaa la qabtay oo lagu magacaabo "All-Ruush beeraha iyo farsamada gacanta bandhig warshadaha" on Hills Sparrow ah, oo tan iyo 1923.

Hal sano ka hor ka bedelayaan ENEA metro albaabbadii ay martida ah oo adag oo la furay, taas oo ka dhigaysa badan u dhaw in ay dadka dareenka truest ee erayga. ENEA territory ayaa sidoo kale waxaa ka mid ah taallo "Shaqaalaha iyo Haweenay ka Collective Farm" by sculptor Vera Mukhina, il "Saaxiibtinimada Dadka of USSR" iyo "Stone Flower", 14 ilihii surin dhexe, saddex dedan oo xarrago leh oo ka mid ah soo galo Central, Bartamaha iyo Koonfurta, iyo sidoo kale ku saabsan sagaashan taambuug dhisay fairgrounds Square.

Waxa aan wacaa?

"VDNH" station metro la bilaabay May 1, 1958 sida saldhiga ugu dambeeya ee gacan Riga "Prospekt Mira" - "Exhibition Beeraha". Ka hor inta uu u xilsaarayo bandhig magaca cusub ee saldhigga u yeedhay oo kale ku yaal kor ku xusan xarunta bandhiga - "Exhibition Beeraha". In 1992, ka dib markii ka bedelayaan ee ENEA in VVC ah, waxa uu sidoo kale codsaday in la badalo magaca idaacadda, laakiin ka xaqiijinta mashruucan inay nolosha tagay. Ma helay daabacaddan iyo mashaariic kale oo abaalmarinta ka mid ah magacyada cusub saldhigga, "Exhibition", "Rostokino", "Space" - magacyada kuwaas oo Hadhid badan ee Miyeydaan warqad.

laanta Orange

kala duwan Riga, bilaabay in 1958, ka koobnayd oo kaliya afar saldhig: "Botanical Garden" (hadda "Mira"), "Riga", "Peace" (aka "Scherbakovskaya" iyo "Alekseevskaya") iyo "Exhibition Beeraha" (hadda "ENEA"). Sidee si aad u hesho on metro si bartamaha magaalada ama in bandhiga ee heerka ururka, ka bilaabata iyo tan waxa ay iska daayeen inay dhibaato. Markii hore, waxan keliya oo la samayn karo gaadiidka dhulka ee caasimada ah.

Afar sano ka dib, 1962, shaqo la bilaabay Kaluga laan gacan. Waxa uu isku xira qaybta dhexe ee magaalada la dhismayaasha cusub ee koonfur-galbeed iyo jiideen in idaacadda "Novye Cheryomushki". Waxaa xusid mudan in idaacadda "Shabolovskaya", ayaa lagu rido hawlgalka kaliya ee 1980, inkasta oo lagu daray mashruuca hore. "Kaluga" station ayaa markii ugu horeysay waxaa ku yaal saldhig ah (jiidayasiuu tirada shan "Kaluga"). In 1974 waxaa la xiray, isagoo kor u bilaabay boosteejo ah oo cusub oo magac la mid ah nidaamka.

line horumarinta

Ku teedo labada aag ee 1972, hoos magaca kasta oo ka mid ah Fatuuq hore ee loo xilsaaray laan magaca "line orange" ee dhowaan la sameeyey buuxa. In 1978, in la kordhiyo khadka, ka keeneen "Medvedkovo" station, saldhigga afaraad ee woqooyi ka mid ah "ENEA". Metro ee Moscow waxaa soo koraya sanad kasta, cobwebs dabooli ay dhulka hoostiisa u dhexeeysa meelaha qaar badan oo ka mid ah magaalada Muqdisho. In tiris soo line a ee koonfur-galbeed iyo 1990 u furay xarun "Bitsa Park" (hadda "Novoyasenevskaya") finalka la xilku wareegaya. In 2014 wuxuu ka dhigay waydaartaan ah, rakaabka siino fursad ay ku wareejiso khadka Skytrain L1.

kibirka qaranka

In kasta oo ay asal ahaan Soviet, magaca idaacadda weli u dhigmin erayadii ku faani Moscow. Xarunta Exhibition, tareenka soo socda iyada oo si, meel bandhig weyn ee Midowga Soofiyeeti, hotel "Cosmos" iyo sidoo kale taallo si fiican u yaqaan "Shaqaalaha iyo Collective Farm Girl" - weligaaba waad sii jiri doontaa calaamad u ah hanti wadaag horumartay gudahood caasimada qarankeena. Si aad u taariikhda, geedka tani ma aha oo kaliya oo noqotay xarun of a laamood metro Moscow a. Waxaa sidoo kale halkaas tiir xusuus ah oo taariikhi ah, oo muujinaya xoogga naqshadda iyo injineernimada waqtiga.

Idaacadda Making

"VNDH" - aasaaska saldhigga moolka. heerka dhulka hoostiisa mara ee laga jaray mitir saddex iyo konton iyo badh, waxaa mid ka mid ah saldhigyada qotada dheer ee metro Moscow samaynaya. Trehsvodchataya design saldhigga leeyahay dherer ah sagaal pylons (siddeed iyo toban). madal laysku sharraxo madaxtooyada Gaarka ah ee aan ku faani karo, tan iyo markii ay la qotomiyey ee sano ee kaydka halis ah. Waxaa markii hore la qorsheeyey in ay soo saaraan pylons pommel ornametnom cagaaran, af leh yabban caleen dahab on mahrajaan Fiorentine. Waayo, shaqo this, waxaa xitaa ahaa artist a si gaar ah lagu casuumay Vladimir Andreevich Favorsky.

Muddo ka dib, wuxuu abuuray design gaar ah saldhigga "Exhibition Centre". konton konton Metro ciyaaray design dissimilarity ee goob kasta. Haa naftooda iyo istaago waqti in yar. Just dhawaan, dagaalka dhamaaday, ciidamada ugu muhiimsan ee shaqaalaha la diray si ay u soo kabashada dhaqaalaha qaranka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, abuurka dhulka hoostiisa gudaha Moscow ah si fiican u soo dhawaaday. Lama tudhay iyo "Exhibition Centre". intertwining ee caleemaha ka lalmaday meel iyo marsami isku qurxiyey horeysay pylon saldhigga ka taagay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ay u dhaca iyo dhaqaalaha yeesheen ay toll. Muuse malaasay iyo rinji ka badan la rinjiga cagaaran, ma aha oo kaliya ee hore ee qaab-dhismeedka taageeraya, laakiin sidoo kale mid kasta oo ka mid ah tiirarka.

In deegaanka, iyo ma aha oo kaliya

Currently, saldhigga dhulka hoostiisa - mid ka mid ah xarumaha ugu mashquulsan ee gobolka Moscow ee. doorka muhiimka ah ee play this in waxa uu ku yaalaa meel u dhow soohdinta reer adag bandhig weyn "VDNKh" Metro.

Map of nidaamka gaadiidka degdeg Moscow ee magaalada ma turjumayo ama gudbin ka buuxnaanta oo size of gaadiidka rakaabka maalin kasta marayay saldhiga. Helitaanka hareeraheeda ah xarun waydaartaan gaadiidka ku darayaa qayb weyn oo dadka isticmaalaya "ENEA" si aad u hesho on dhulka hoostiisa ah oo aroortii ah iyo ka tago ka dib dhamaadka maalinta, helitaanka in guriga. Mytishchi, Korolev, Sergiev Posad, Pushkino, Ivanteyevka, Forest glade - tani ma aha liis dhamaystiran oo magaalooyinka hareeraheeda ah, iyo ka kaas oo aad gaari kartid by TPU baska "ENEA". Moscow Metro ay dhacdo in this waa la sii wado macquul ah halbowlaha gaadiidka ee xarunta of caasimadda ah, iyo in dhinaca ka soo horjeeda waxaa ka mid ah.

Ha illoobin oo ku saabsan kharashka dadka deegaanka u dhow, halkaas oo Metro Moscow ayaa weli ma helin waqti inay ku tuuraan network branching ay. Ostankino, Rostokino, Marina Grove, gobolka Yaroslavl - inta badan dadka halkan ku nool ay yihiin saldhigga "Exhibition Centre" si aad u hesho shaqo ama xarunta caasimada. adeegga baska oo bilaash ah si ay u xarumaha dukaamada waaweyn, sida "Golden Baabuloon" in Rostokino ama «XL» in Mytishchi dhow Moscow, ayaa sidoo kale gacan ka korodhka saldhigga load ah. Kooxda martida ah la fili karo dukaamaysi iyo balbalooyinkii madadaalo ka dhammaan degmooyinka ee Moscow jiidatay by suurtagalnimada ee safarka free on gaadiidka dhulka meelaha shopping ah.

Exit ka idaacadda

Ilaa bartamihii 1997 ku shaqeeya ee u ololeeya North Ground oo kaliya ee foomka of rotunda ah, furan ku soo laabtay 1958. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ay awoodda si cad u ma ku filan si ay ula qabsadaan kordhaya saldhigga metro load maalin kasta "Exhibition Centre". Saarka labada dhinac ee Mira Prospect furay August 25, 1997. hall South keentaa rakaab ah in tuubbo dul hoos ku hoos jidka iyo kor u bixisaa si ay dusha sare ka Alley Cosmonauts ah, labada on qayb ka mid ah guriga Tikhvin Icon oo ka mid ah Hooyo Ilaah oo Alexeyev.

In June 2013 ku dhowaad sannad la xiray dayactirka ee u ololeeya North u adeegay ujeedada iyo waxaa quruxsan xirto escalators. hababka New qaadista la dhigay hawlgalka June 1, 2014. aaladaha casriga ah ma ay kordheen kaliya bandwidth, laakiin sidoo kale la kulanka dhamaan heerarka ammaanka ISO9001-2011.

Gebogebadii

tareenka dhulka hoostiisa "ENEA" ayaa oo weli calaamad u ah horumarka iyo Taalladaas taariikhiga ah kuna sugan laabta Russia. Iyada oo booska ay dhulka hoostiisa waxaa maalin walba tours ee Metro Moscow Hanuunsan u safraya shisheeye. In ka badan 150 000 oo qof maalin walba galo dhagax adag qabow leeyahay iyada. Idaacadda ayaa la derdertay ee shuqullo badan oo suugaanta, tusaale ahaan, ka sheekaysay Dmitriya Gluhovskogo "Metro 2033" sida "goobtii ugu dambeysay ee dhaqanka iyo van waqooyi ee line Kaluga-Riga ilbaxnimada."