FreeBSD - waa maxay? Faa'iidooyinka FreeBSD hor Linux Windows

In berrinkii software casri ah eray asal furan "Linux ah" ku dhawaad noqdaan isku micne ah "Nidaamka Operating", laakiin dad yar ogahay in dhab ahaan tani ma aha mid ka mid ah oo kaliya in ay taariikh, nooc ka mid ah nidaamka qalliinka Unix, code source la heli karo ee oo dhan.

Sida laga soo xigtay xogta laga helay IOSC, 1999, ku dhawaad saddex meelood meel ka mid ah oo dhan mashiinada in ay ahaayeen ku xiran internetka, ka shaqeeya ku salaysan nidaamka qalliinka Linux ah, halka ku dhawaad 15% isticmaalo nidaamka qalliinka FreeBSD ah. Waa maxay nooca nidaamka, iyo dhowr users PC casriga ogaan ilaa maantadan la joogo, inkastoo dhammaan faa'iidooyinka iyo baahsan waqtiga. Waxaa xusid mudan in dad badan oo ka mid ah madaxda adduunka oo duurka ku ah adeegyada Web-si firfircoon ee ka shaqeeya nidaamka this. Gaar ahaan, waxaa xusid mudan in taariikhda, Yahoo nidaam ku saleysan FreeBSD. Waxaa siinayaa dadka isticmaala ay isu yihiin lagama yaabo in la ogaado ama xataa qabaa, laakiin milkiilayaasha rumeysan yihiin in nidaamka waa in go'aanka saxda ah.

Waa maxay BSD?

BSD u taagan tahay Berkeley Software Qaybinta. Taasi waa sida in uu waqti loo yaqaan software in UC Berkeley waxaa qaybiyey codes isha. Waxaa xusid mudan in xaqiiqda ah in dheeriga ah ee asalka ah nidaamka qalliinka UNIX caadiga ah - waa waxa kaliya in uu ahaa FreeBSD ah. Maxay ahayd in marka la barbar dhigo version ee hadda nidaamka?

Iyada oo ku saleysan version 4.4 BSD-Lite si loo abuuro nidaam hawlgalka kala duwan la il furan. Gaar ahaan, oo sideeda oo nidaamyadan waxaa ka mid ah horumarinta mashaariicda kale, oo ay ku jirto fiiro gaar ah u qalmaa Project GNU ah.

Qaab-dhismeedka

Faa'iidada iyo qaababka taas oo aanu nidaamka kala duwan yihiin qaab-dhismeedka FreeBSD. Waa maxay nooca qaab-dhismeedka:

• muhimka ah ee taas waxaa loogu talagalay qorshaynta taxadir ah hababka oo dhan, maamulka xusuusta, oo leh noocyo kala duwan oo qalab, iyo taageero nidaamka multi-processor ka shaqeeya. Waa in la ogaadaa in, in la barbardhigo nidaamka qalliinka Linux ah, haddii ay taasi ku, waxaa jira dhawr nooc oo ah kernels BSD, kuwaas oo la kala duwanaayeen qaababka kala duwan.
• C maktabad, taas oo waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida interface ugu weyn ee barnaamijyada nidaamka, kaas oo ku salaysan code ka Berkeley, ma mashruuca GNI.
• Dhammaan noocyada kala duwan ee korontada file, compilers, qolofka, linkers, iyo software kale dhamaadka-user, iyo qaar ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah waxay ku salaysan yihiin code GNU ah.
• FreeBSD UNIX - nidaamka qalliinka, oo ay ku jiraan X Window ah, taas oo ah si toos ah masuul ka ah interface garaafyada. Nidaamka waxaa loo isticmaalaa in qoraalkii ugu of BSD faa'iidada badan iyo rasmi ah oo ay taageerayaan mashruuca X.Org. nidaamka Tani waxay u ogolaaneysaa user ah uu ka soo xusho deegaanno desktop badan, iyo sidoo kale noocyo kala duwan oo maareeyayaasha suuqa kala iftiinka.
• Tiro badan oo ah nidaam kale oo software codsiga.

Waa maxay UNIX dhabta ah?

Waxaa xusid mudan in laftiisa in FreeBSD UNIX - nidaamka qalliinka waa had iyo jeer kala duwan. Iyo noocyada nidaamyada sida ma aha clones ah midba midka kale. Waxay yihiin oo kaliya oo durriyadii awoowe caadi ah - hab dhaqameed UNIX ka hawlgala. Dhab ahaantii waxa laga yaabaa in waxoogaa la yaab leh, gaar ahaan haddii waxaannu xusuusan nahay in sameeysa ee nidaamka qalliinka marnaba shaaca ka qaaday in dadweynaha ee horumar codes ay.

BSD - waa UNIX?

Indeed, ee UNIX hawlgalka nidaamka marna ahaa a software ayaa furan il code, oo sidaas daraaddeed BSD hubaal doonista lama odhan UNIX nidaamka, haddii oo kaliya sababtoo ah in gui hawlgalka nidaamka waa kala duwan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waqti isku mid ah, shirkadda in la horumariyo UNIX ah, si firfircoon u isticmaalaan horumarka dadka kale, iyo in si gaar ah ay la xiriirto software kaasi oo horumarsan urur CSRG.

Markii hore BSD qaybinta, iyo garaafyada user interface hawlgalka nidaamka waa adag caadadii barnaamijyada, a xaaladda socday si sax ah, inta shirkadda ayaa saxiixay heshiis la DARPA, hoos timaada wasaaradda gaashaandhigga. Ujeedada heshiiska - update this noocyo kala duwan oo hab maamuuska isgaarsiinta, kaas oo ay taageerayaan shabakadda computer hay'adda.

Inta lagu jiro 80-mada sameeyey shirkado badan ku hawlan soo saarka ee qaateen, waxaa xusid mudan in dad badan oo iyaga ka mid ah ka heleen ruqsad si ay u isticmaalaan UNIX, halkii ay isku dayaya in ay ka xoq horumariyaan software gaar ah. Gaar ahaan, waa in aan soo magacawnay, Sun Microsystems, oo waxay tageen xagga jidka this iyo go'aansaday ku saleysan 4.2BSD version ayaa ugu danbeyn sii daayo OSes iyaga u gaar ah, kaas oo la odhan jiray SunOSTM. Marka shirkadda AT & T, ayaa ku hawlan horumarinta UNIX, ugu danbeyn go'aansaday in ay sameeyaan ganacsi iibinta ay nidaamka qalliinka u gaar ah, waxaa jiray si caddaalad ah-lafaha dhashay fulinta - System III, kaas oo muddo ka dib la socda sida wax soo saarka System System V.

Waayo, qaar ka mid ah sabab, this hawlgalka nidaamka hadhaagii sheegan?

Waxaa jira tiro ka mid ah qaar ka mid ah sababaha in maanta 10 FreeBSD isticmaalaa ma baahida sare sida:

• inta badan ku dhiirigelinayaan in uu xiiso u tayada code gaar ah, iyo in ka badan waxaa ka mid ah by shiidi halkii advertising.
• By waaweyn iyo, caan Linux ayaa waxa u sabab ah dhowr arrimood dibadda ee la xiriirta mashruucan, gaar ahaan xagga warbaahinta, iyo sidoo kale shirkadaha in ay go'aansadeen in ay sameeyaan ay ganacsi u gaar ah by adeegyada aan la siinin dadka isticmaala nidaamka qalliinka.
• horumarinta BSD in aqlabiyad ah faa'iidada badan yihiin khibrad dheeraad ah marka loo eego horumarinta Linux, oo xidhiidh la leh oo ay ku jiraan feejignaan badan ka yar waxaa la bixiyaa si ay nolol sahlan dadka isticmaala caadiga ah. In si kale loo dhigo, Mudanayaasha FreeBSD for user celceliska waa ka dhib badan Mudanayaasha Linux.
• In 1992, UNIX sameeysa ayaa go'aansaday in dacwayn shirkadda BSDI, taas oo ahayd tii u doonanayd ee sahayda of BSD / 386 hawlgalka nidaamka. barta ugu weyn ee galdacwadeedka ay dhacdo in this ahaa xaqiiqada ah in OS ku jira code lahaansho, kaas oo dacwoodaha lahaayeen, iyo sidii kiiska waxaa ugu danbeyn lagu xalliyaa maxkamadda dibaddeeda 1994, laakiin kala duwan oo dhan sheegashada sare xataa maanta sunta nolosha dad badan.
• Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in ay u gaar ah BSD mashaariic naftooda kala duwan oo sidaas laga yaabaa xataa khilaaf kasta oo kale. opinion waxa uu ku salaysan dhacdooyinka dhacay dheer ka hor.

Waa kuwee waa ka wanaagsan - Linux ama BSD?

Si aad u taariikhda, inta badan la doortay ay ku rakibidda server Apache ah, FreeBSD halkii dhaqanka ee ugu nidaamyada kale ee Linux. Waayo, user celceliska, faraqa u dhexeeya nidaamka waa la yaab leh u yar yahay, sida labada waxyaabaha ku salaysan yihiin UNIX. Labada nidaam lagu horumariyo ku salaysan ganacsi.

Yaa leh BSD?

Waxaa xusid mudan in uu jiro qof gaar ah ama shirkad leh, horumarisa BSD. The horumarinta iyo qaybinta xiga ee nidaamka waa la fuliyay by koox ka mid ah mashruuca xirfad sare leh oo heegan ah halka takhasusay oo dunida ku baahsan. qaybaha qaar ka mid ah BSD waa mashruuc gaar ah la il furan, taas oo uu leeyahay ay sharciyada iyo kooxaha horumarinta u gaar ah.

Maxaad u dooratay?

Doorashada dhexeeya nidaamka ka hawlgala runtii waa arrin adag, sidaas darteed waxaa jira dhowr talooyin oo u oggolaan doonaa inaad doorato ikhtiyaarka ugu fiican - Linux ama FreeBSD. Kooxaha labada kiis ee ilaa xad la mid yihiin, sidaas doorashada inta badan waxaa loo adeegsan karaa waxa soo socda:

• Haddii aad isticmaashay nidaamka qalliinka gaar ah Open Source, haddii ay taasi ku, waa in aad xitaa ma beddeli wax.
• nidaamka FreeBSD muujiyaan karaa waxqabadka badan, laakiin xeerkan ma aha universal.
• BSD nidaamyada jira wanaagsan sumcad, iyo gaar ahaan isku halaynta.
• BSD-mashaariicda waxaa lagu gartaa sumcad wanaagsan ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqda ah in ay yihiin of tayo sare leh oo dhameystiran waraaqo la heli karo.
• BSD The isticmaali kartaa inta badan dega Linux files eedeysanuhu, halka Linux uma isticmaali karo badan oo macquul ah in files BSD.

Waxay bixisaa taageero farsamo, iyo sidoo kale u adeegaya FreeBSD - dekedaha iyo nidaamyada - FreeBSD Mall Company, Inc.