Hadda, hadda korontada ee vacuo

hadda Electric - amartay electrocharge mooshin. Waxaa laga heli karaa, tusaale ahaan, in kaari ee isku xira jidhka ku amray oo uncharged. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, hadda waxan joojin doonaa sida ugu dhakhsaha badan farqiga u iman kara hay'adaha waxay noqon doontaa eber. mooshin amartay la'aan (hadda korontada) ku jira doonaa sida kaari ah isku Xidhka ulo capacitor lagu soo oogay. Xaaladdan oo kale, hadda waxaa ku weheliyay neutralizing eedaymaha deggan on taarikada ee capacitor ah, oo ku sii socda ilaa farqiga u iman kara ee taarikada capacitor ma noqon doono mid eber.

Tusaalooyin waxay muujinayaan in hadda korontada ee kaari ku dhacaa oo kaliya in joogitaanka darafyadiisa kirishbooyada of awoodo kala duwan, E. ie. Goortii ay duurka koronto.

Laakiin hadda ma oran karo waa in uu noqdo tusaale oo dheer, tan iyo inta lagu guda jiro dhaqdhaqaaqa meydadka kara lacag si deg deg ah la safan oo beerta korontada ee kaari ah libidha.

Sidaa darteed, si aad u hesho lagama maarmaan hadda si ay u taageeraan darafyadiisa kaari ee kartiyo kala duwan. Si taas loo gudbin karaa eedeeyay jidh keliya ka dib kale ay weheliyaan kaari kale, la xirrira circuit xidhan ujeedada this. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, hoos ciidamada duurka korontada ee kala iibsiga amar caynkaas waa wax aan macquul aheyn, tan iman kara jidhka labaad ka yar tahay awoodda ugu horeysay. Sidaa darteed, kala iibsiga waa kaliya asal ahaan suurto gal ah ciidamada non-korontada. Joogitaanka ciidamada, kuwaas oo bixiyaa il hadda ku jira Bannaankii.

Ciidamada simaha ee isha hadda, kharash loo wareejiyey jidhka ka leh iman kara hoose jidhka leh awood weyn oo uu ku sameeyo shaqo waqti isku mid ah. Sidaas awgeed, il awoodeed ee waa hantidaan tamarta.

Ilo hadda ku jira mashiinada korontada, unugyada galvanic, batariyo, matoorrada iyo wixii la mid ah D..

Sidaas darteed, shuruudaha aasaasiga ah ee dhacdo ee hadda korontada: joogitaanka isha hadda iyo Bannaanka u xiran yihiin.

socodka ah ee hadda ku Bannaanka legkonablyudaemyh Ulasocto tiro ka mid ah ifafaale. Tusaale ahaan, in cabitaanno ah qaar ka mid ah marka la kaadinayo iyaga arkay daayo hadda walax on electrodes funaanadda galay dareeraha. Ee hadda ku sugan gaasas waxaa inta badan la socda gaasas dhuxul, iwm hadda Electric in gaasaska iyo vacuum bartay weyn jirka xisaabyahan Faransiis ah iyo - .. Andre Marie Ampere, mahad kaasoo aan hadda ognahay dabiiciga ah ee arrintaa.

Sida la og yahay, vacuum - .. insulator Perfect, ie, meel ka hawo waa daalay.

Laakiin waxaa suurto gal ah in ay helaan koronto ee vacuum ah, kaas oo ay tahay lagama maarmaan in ay dar ku socota amarka.

Qaado weel laga soo hawada la nuugaa ama looga saaraa. Si aad weel waxaa soldered in laba birood biraha - laba electrodes. Mid ka mid ah A (anode) ku xiran il wanaagsan ee hadda, K kale (cathode) - xun. danab ka dhexeeya ee cathode iyo anode ku filan si aad u codsato a 80 - 100 V.

Waxaa ka mid ahaa in circuit milliammeter ah oo xasaasi ah. Device muujinaysaa hadda ma jiro, tani waxay muujinaysaa in hadda korontada kajirin in vacuo.

Ayaay ka waayo-aragnimo. Sida silig cathode waxaa soldered weel - Strand oo ka soo jeeda darafyadiisa aragba. thread Tani waxay ku sii jiri doontaa cathode. By isticmaalaya ilo kale oo hadda u iftiimay. Waxaan la soco in mar thread waa kulul, qalabka ka mid ah silsiladda, waxay muujinaysaa hadda korontada ee vacuo, iyo ka weyn, ayaa in ka badan waqti dunta. Sidaa awgeed, ku dul thread kululaynta hubisaa in Qurub lagu eedeeyay in vacuum ah, taasu waa il.

Sida lagu soo eedeeyay, Qurub kuwanu? Jawaabta su'aashani waxa ay noqon kartaa waayo-aragnimo. Variables ulo ayaa soldered in weel koronto ah - dunta ka dhigi doonaa anode iyo tiir ka soo horjeeda - cathode ah. Inkasta oo thread kacsan iyo Dira Qurub lagu eedeeyay in vacuum ah, waxaa jira hadda jirin.

Laga soo bilaabo tan u socota in qayb ka yihiin si xun u eedeeyay maxaa yeelay, way ku eeliyey ka koronto A markuu u xun lagu soo eedeeyay.

Maxay yihiin qayb ka kuwanu?

Sida laga soo xigtay aragtida ah ee electron, electrons free ee biraha ku jira mooshin qasan. Marka kulaylka dhaqdhaqaaqa buuxieyey waa maqalka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qaar ka mid ah electrons helo tamarta, taas oo ku filan si ay u sameeyaan wax soo saarka, timaada ka buuxieyey la xirrira ku wareegsan "daruur elektaroonik ah". Marka dhexeeya buuxieyey iyo anode ah, field koronto, electrons duuli xagga koronto A ah, hadii ay ku xiran baallaha wanaagsan ee batteriga, iyo dib u buuxieyey marka ay ku xiran baallaha xun ku eeliyey, t. E. Miyuu kharash ah oo magac la mid ah la electrons.

Sidaas darteed, hadda korontada ee vacuum ah - waa socodka faray of electrons.