Hawlaha ugu fiiriyey Wehliyaha (ratio seriality): formula qeexidda. noocyada kala duwan ee wax soo saarka

In dhaqaalaha, waxaa jira tiro ka mid ah hababka by kaas oo regularities ka muuqda ururka ee wax soo saarka ee shirkadaha ee takhasuska kala duwan iyo qiyaasta, codsanaya technology ee heerarka kala duwan ee kakanaanta iyo qaybinta jagooyinka shaqaalaha. Qaybiyey fikradda on taasoo nidaamyada kuwan waxaa lagu eegayo qiimaha Wehliyaha of qamaar hawlgallada in warshad. Waa maxay waxa ay nuxurka? Sidee u dhiganta model gaarka ah ee urur ee wax soo saarka?

formula KOOBAN iyo hawlgallada qamaar Wehliyaha

Waa maxay Wehliyaha ee xoojinta hawlgallada iyo waxa loogu talagalay? Waxa loo adeegsaday in aragtida dhaqaalaha ee macnaha guud ee go'aaminta u kala duwan noocyada kala duwan ee wax soo saarka. Under kuwa caadi ahaan la fahamsan calaamadaha qaar ka mid ah, iyadoo la raacayo oo la sii daayo alaabta keensataa sifooyinka urur iyo farsamada ee qolfo leh oo kala duwan: shirkadu sida unug oo dhan ama, tusaale ahaan, goobta shaqada shaqsi.

Noocyada soo saarka warshadaha oo ku salaysan inta badan lagu go'aamiyaa ka:

• kala duwan oo ka mid ah alaabta la macmalay;
• tirada alaabta la macmalay;
• niyo Adag ee liiska alaabta soo saaray,
• heerka uu rar shaqo;
• jagooyinka takhasus shirkadaha gobolka.

Factor in su'aal la xidhiidha tilmaamayaasha waxqabadka muhiim ah in sifaha kartaa nooc gaar ah oo wax soo saarka.

Its formula lagu muujiyay qaab aad u fudud.

Wehliyaha ee xoojinta hawlgallada waxaa loo xisaabiyaa sida saamiga tirada guud ee dhibaatooyinka farsamada (kuwa la xalin ama waa in la tixgeliyaa) ay tirada shaqo oo qayb ka ah muddada warbixintan - tusaale ahaan, 1 bil.

Oo ay weheliso tilmaanta loo arkaa aragtida dhaqaalaha iyo codsiga ah ee arrimaha caadiga ah:

• Shaqooyinka intra takhasuska,
• seriality;
• mass.

Waxaa waxtar leh u noqon doonaan in ay sii baadhi waxa ay yihiin.

The horgalaha ee takhasuska, serial iyo mass: qastigoodii waa maxay?

Wehliyaha ee takhasuska ah shaqaalaha booska shirkadda ee ka tarjumaysaa ratio of qadarka processing ah xaqiiqooyinka ama faahfaahinta soo saarka ee qalabka u ah geedi socodka gaar ah si tirada guud ee shaqo (ama qaybood ee qalabka) ee shirkadda ama qeybinta shirkadda.

factor seriality ka dhigan tahay saamiga ah ee wax soo saarka dhigay in marka la eego waxyaabaha - tusaale ahaan, in gogo 'halkii daqiiqo, - qiyaas ahaan waqtiga si ay u qabtaan howl u dhiganta in qaabka guud ee geedi socodka a.

Wehliyaha mass waxaa loo xisaabiyaa by formula halkii adag taas oo qaadataa galay account arrimo ay ka mid yihiin:

• gabal-time qayb ka ah mid ka mid ah ama hawlgal kale oo wax soo saarka;
• heerka of sii daayo of alaabta;
• isbedbeddelka qiyaasay badeecada;
• howlgal-time Fund ee qalabka, ka muujiyay in marka la eego kala duwan.

Iyada oo ku xidhan qiimaha gaar ah oo ay u bartaan hawlgallada fiiriyey Wehliyaha iyo wax soo saarka midiidinka lagu tilmaamay inay tahay ka tirsan mid ka mid ah noocyada soo socda:

• umad kaliya,
• serial;
• Yar-yar;
• mass.

Ka fiirso faahfaahinta gaarka ah.

wax soo saarka unit KOOBAN

Waa maxay wax soo saarka amarka? model Tani waxa lagu gartaa sii daayo saarka waslad alaabta, in kiisas badan oo - products gaar ah. waxyaabaha Kumaan ku habboon loo soo bandhigi karaa waqti isku mid ah in kala duwan oo ku filan ballaaran. Shaqaalaha shirkadaha ama dukaamada leh wax soo saarka hal, sida caadiga ah, waxay leeyihiin takhasuska lahayn. hawlgal gaar ah, sida caadiga ah, aan joogto ah ugu dhegan shaqooyinka qaarkood.

Waa in la ogaadaa laga yaabaa in, tusaale ahaan, Wehliyaha caadiga ah takhasuska oo calaamad u soo saaridda aqoonsiga - amarka of 40 hawlgallada halkii boos.

Takhasus ah shaqooyinka qaarkood waxaa laga yaabaa in sababta ugu waynina mabaadi'da farsamada ee soo saaridda ee alaabta gaar ah, oo ay size. Qalabka gudahood unit ee wax soo saarka, sida caadiga ah, in la adduunka iyo in kiisas badan oo laysku beddelid karo codsatay.

Waayo, wax soo saarka Discrete waxa lagu gartaa: joogitaanka meelaha daayo dhamaystirnayn oo alaabta, beddelka joogtada ah ee qalabka, xoojinta shaqada sare ee howlgallada, iyo sidoo kale in la sii daayo muddada-dheer ee wareegga alaabta.

Sida caadiga ah, kharashka model ah wax soo saarka la xiriira gudahood waa mid qaali ah. Tani waxay noqon kartaa sabab, ay ka mid yihiin ka qaybgalka ee wax soo saarka alaabta in shaqaale xirfad sare leh, waxaa looga baahan yahay in ay bixiso mushaaraadka sare.

Haddii Warshadda kala duwan oo soo saarka macmalay ku filan kala duwan u dhiganta nooca wax soo saarka oo lagu garan karo by shahaado sare ee dhaqdhaqaaqa iyo waafajinta isbedel ku baahida loo qabo alaabta warshadaysan. shirkadaha badan oo istaraatijiyad dhismaha wax soo saarka ayaa diiradda lagu saaray isuna awoodaha wax soo saarka alaabta weli in badan oo kala duwan. ganacsi waa in uu leeyahay, Sidaas daraaddeed, kaabayaasha lagama maarmaanka ah, maalgelinta, khayraadka aadanaha si ay u daboolaan shuruudan.

Haddii shirkadda ay ku guul daraysato in ay bixiyaan tiro balaadhan oo ah alaabta warshadaysan, mudnaanta waxaa lagu qori karaa ka dhanka ah waxyaabaha teknoolajiyada casri ah, dhif ah suuqa, laakiin baahida waqti isku mid ah. Tusaale ahaan, haddii shirkadda soo saarta microprocessors qalabka military, xitaa haddii iyaga marka laga reebo in aan la soo saari doonaa wax kasta oo waxyaabaha kale ee ganacsiga, ay u badan tahay waxay yeelan doonaan baahida joogta ah ee wax soo saarka ay. Tartamayaal u yar waxay leeyihiin doonaan, oo macaamiisha - labada heer ee si difaaca dalka, iyo suuqa dunida, - waxaa laga yaabaa in ku filan.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, baahida filan, shirkadda ay u badan tahay in ay ballaariso wax soo saarka, kuwaas oo muddo ka badan tahay si ay u noqdaan serial ah. Ka fiirso faahfaahinta ay gaar ah.

KOOBAN saarka serial

wax soo saarka Serial ee model u dhigma sii daayo alaabta ku yaalla oo kala duwan. Noocan ah ururka waxa lagu gartaa howlgalka of warshadda, sida caadiga ah, ku filan kala duwan kooban oo waxyaabaha bixisey in suuqa. Isha ugu weyn ee dakhliga ee wax soo saarka mass - gaarsiinta waqtiga in shixnad macaamiisha ee alaabta dura cayimay.

In ka yar-yar-soo-saarka laga fulin doonaa iyadoo ku xiran mugga shixnadaha gaarka ah ee dhexe- iyo baaxad weyn. Qaabka guud ee model ururka of sii daayo badeecadaha waa la fuliyay in takhasuska ku filan cidhiidhi shaqooyin - si ay shaqaalaha shirkadda lahaa fursad ay ku qabtaan hawlaha wax soo saarka gaar ah heerka ugu sareeya ee tayada. wax soo saarka Habkaani xaalado badan go'aamisa hoos u dhigayo qiimaha wax soosaarka - tusaale ahaan, iyada oo awood u leh inay qortaan takhasus leh waayo-aragnimo yar ee aan qaybaha ugu muhiimsan ee la sii daayo alaabta. Marxaladaha ugu teknoolajiyada casri ah ee wax soo saarka, markeeda, waxaa lagu aaminay kartaa shaqaalaha aqoon shirkadda.

Sidoo kale, wax soo saarka qiyaasta buuxa ee kiisas badan oo u baahan xal maamulka shirkadu in ay tayadoodii isticmaalka khayraadka gaar ah - qalabka, meel wax soo saarka, qalabka, alaabta ceeriin. Inta badan, in model this urur ee saamaxaaddu alaabta on suuqa ka yimaadaan waxyaabaha maalin kasta - qalabka, noocyada badan ee qalabka nidaamka.

sii daayo yar-yar ee alaabta

wax soo saarka yar-yar, sida dacawo ah format warbixinta sii daayo alaabta u dhow qaybta ka ah. Waxa ay ku lug la sii daayo alaabta ku yaalla yar, inta badan - gudahood kala duwan oo badan. Qiimaha xisbi gaar ah, sida caadiga ah oo yar, iyo, weliba, in si joogto ah hagaajin karo. badanaa Shirkadda badala noocyada alaabta bixisey hoos wax soo saarka yar-yar ah, qabsado dalab baahida hadda jirta, ama in isbeddellada suuqa. Waa in la ogaadaa waxa laga yaabaa in la sii daayo format alaabtii waxay ku lug leedahay isticmaalka qalabka ficil ahaan waa ujeeddo oo isku mid, taas oo ku hawlan unit wax soo saarka. Waayo, shaqooyin lagu gartaa fulinta hawlaha shaqo, jidaynayey si ay u abaabulaan soo saarka ee waxyaabaha kala duwan ku kala.

sii daayo taxane Dhexdhexaad alaabta

taxane Dhexdhexaad dhiibi doonaan suuqa ku filan waa yaalla badan oo alaabta, taas oo waxaa lagu soo bandhigay in Magac-yar. Sayidka joogta ah ee sahayda waxa lagu gartaa heerka sare ah ee xasilooni. Degree ee takhasuska ah ee shaqooyinka - waa ku filan sare. Qalabka loo isticmaalo in lagu sameeyo, waxay noqon kartaa labadaba boosaska badan oo khaas ah. Waayo, warshadaha, taas oo warbixintan waxaa lagu qabanqaabiyaa nooca wax soo saarka waxa lagu gartaa in lays ee kaabayaasha, iyo sidoo kale hubinta qaybinta sii daayo alaabta sida ay meelaha farsamada gaar ah.

in la sii daayo oo baaxad weyn oo ka mid ah alaabta

wax soo saarka oo baaxad weyn oo ku lug leh in la sii daayo alaabta kaalinta suuqa ee u tiro badan isku waydaarsanayeen filan cidhiidhi ah. Qaar ka mid ah noocyada aad loo jecel yahay ee alaabta joogto ah laga been abuurtay.

Waayo, shaqooyinka wax soo saarka yar-yar ah waxa lagu gartaa takhasuska sare. Isla ayaa laga odhan karaa oo ku saabsan qalabka degan badeecada at arrinta ee shirkada.

Waxaan hadda ka baran cayimayo ee wax soo saarka mass.

Maxay yihiin qaababka wax soo saarka mass?

Nooca ururka of sii daayo of alaabta ee geedka ku lug leedahay ka baddesho suuqa alaabta tiro badan iyo, sida caadiga ah, gudahood kala duwan ee kooban.

wax soo saarka Mass u baahan tahay saad deggan diiradda saaray baahida loo qabo mudada dheer. Shaqooyinka takhasus ee ururka sii daayo alaabta hab ku habboon - cidhiidhi ah. On mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah ka waddaa tallaabo geedi socodka gaar ah ama koox ee dhqaalaha. Shayga in uu joogsadey ama tallaabo shirka in, waxaa soo maray marxaladda processing soo socota - oo sidaas ilaa alaabta diyaar. Sayidka share foosha Buuggan waa guud ahaan hooseeyo ee wax soo saarka mass casriga ah. Tani feature ee ururka ee wax soo saarka alaabta xaalado badan, si weyn u yaraynaysaa kharashka soo saaridda of unit sheyga.

Tirada guud ee shaqo ee abaabulka sahayda oo baaxad weyn oo ka mid ah wax soo saarka, waxay noqon kartaa mid aad u muhiim ah oo yar, waxa ay ku xiran heerka kaabayaasha farsamada. On qiimaha wax soo saarka joofane iyo iswada ee gobolka waxaa laga yaabaa inay ka hooseeya ee warshadaha leh share weyn ee shaqada Buuggan.

wax soo saarka mass of hay'ad waa in la Qaddarray baahida deggan. Haddii shuruudan aan ku qancay, cidda uu leeyahay halis ah isagoo dhibaato ay sabab u tahay la'aanta dakhli, marka la eego qiimaha socda. Dhab ahaantii, dareen sare ee baahida ka ganacsiga in abaabusha wax soo saarka mass la hayo ee ku dhow kasta stage of horumarinta ganacsiga. Sidaa darteed, shirkadda loo baahan yahay ka hor inta maalgashiga awood dheeraad ah, kaas oo u ogolaanaya in uu abaabulo sii daayo of alaabta ee dhaqdhaqaaqa haboon tahay, daraasad faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan baahida loo qabo badeecada.

Noocyada factor-soo-saarka iyo haynta

Sida aynu la xidhiidhaan noocyada loo arkaa hawlgallada saarka qamaar Wehliyaha? In dhaqaalaha, iyo sidoo kale tiro ka mid ah heerarka gobolka aasaasay tiro ka mid ah tilmaamayaasha xidhiidhada u dhexeeya iyo model of abaabulka wax soo saarka badeecadaha iyo adeegyada.

Sidaas darteed, wax soo saarka hal ratio inta badan loo arko ka badan 40 halbeeg. In la sii daayo yar-yar - waa in kala duwan ee 20-40, oo leh taxane dhexdhexaad ah - amarka of 10-20 at ballaaran - sida caadiga ah 1-10. wax soo saarka Mass ayaa qamaar ratio sida caadiga ah aan ka badnayn 1.

mabaadi'da dhaqaale ee doorashada ee lagu daydo wax soo saarka

Sidaas daraaddeed, waxaan eegay waxa at, waa maxay astaamaha ugu muhiimsan ee wax soo saarka, iyo sidoo kale qiimaha dhiganta Wehliyaha ee xoojinta hawlgallada, taasoo loola jeedaa tilmaamayaasha muhiimka ah ee model hawlaha ururka ee soo saaridda alaabta ee shirkadu ka.

Sidee maamulka shirkadda ayaa ka dhigi kara go'aanno la xiriira mudnaanta ansixinta istiraatiijiyad ganacsi horumarinta marka la eego ururka ee wax soo saarka ee ah noocyada gaar ah?

Mid ka mid ah qodobada muhiimka ah ee hufnaan dhaqaale ee shirkadda - dalabka ah oo deggan. Haddii aan la helay, xataa haddii ay dhacdo in shirkadda tayo shaqeeyay doonaa howlgal kasta oo soo saarta, la soo bandhigi doonaa xalal hal abuur iyo qalabka ugu wanaagsan, howshaasi laga yaabaa in aanay ku filan si ay u daboosho kharashka. Sidaas ka hor inta aadan maalgashi ku kordhiyo awoodda wax soo saarka iyo kala iibsiga ee shirkadda, tusaale ahaan, ka yar-yar si taxane dhexdhexaad ah model, maamulka waa inuu fiiriyaa rajada for sale alaabta ilaa xad ka weyn, go'aamiyo haddii dalabka filan nooca wax soo saarka la xiriira.

Sidoo kale waa muhiim in, waxa kaabayaasha ganacsiga waxaa laga heli karaa in fact, ay dhacdo in milkiilayaasha asalka ah ee shirkadda ayaa maal-bixinta shaqo takhasus sare leh, iyo dib-u-qalabka of in kuwa la gartaa takhasuska ballaadhan, waxay noqon kartaa dhibaato, iyo qeybsanaan. habka shaqada - waa qayb ka mid ah model ah ganacsiga, kaas oo inta badan ka badan ayaa ay adag tahay in la beddelo waa, nooca waxa ka mid ah wax soo saarka, by shirkadda abaabulay. Qof tababaran, tusaale ahaan, ku takhasusay on barnaamij ka mid ah qaybaha elektaroonik ah, ay u badan tahay ma awoodaan inay sameeyaan marka la eego operative, xad hadlayay, qabashada falanqayn kiimikada ee waxqabadka deegaanka ee jirka qalabada ku saabsan alaabta soo saaray - for this uu yeelan doonaan in ay la tababaray takhasuso kale.

Inkasta oo ku oolnimada of kala guurka ah ee shaqaalaha si ay u buuxiyaan shaqooyinka shaqada cusub yaabaa in loo baahdo, marka la eego wax soo saarka casriyeynta. Xaaladdan oo kale, sida caadiga ah, waxay ku saabsan tahay soo jiidashada xirfadlayaasha cusub, oo waxaa go'aan ka gaari kara muuqaalka kore ee garaynta cusub ee shirkadda. habka shaqada - waxay sidoo kale waa hab, kaas oo shirkadda maamulka waxaa waajib ku ah in ay fiiro gaar ku filan oo ay shaqaalaha ka shaqeeya search of takhasuska waraysiga iyaga la, imtixaanka, shaqada design, fududeynta ay la qabsashada si degdeg ah u gaarka ah ee habka wax soo saarka ee shirkadda ka.

Dabcan, doorashada ee model-soo-saarka ah waa in ay tixgeliyaan kaabayaasha gaadiidka ee hadda, haddii awoodda ka mid ah jidadka hadda jira ee gobolka ma aha mid aad u sareeya, bixinta badeecada soo saaray qaabka guud ee u tiro badan, waxaa la samayn karaa si dhib leh. Mise waxay leeyihiin qiime sare, taas oo, mar kale, waxay u baahan yihiin waxaa laga yaabaa in maamulka shaqada dheeraad ah si ay u kicin iibka. Isla ayaa laga odhan karaa oo ku saabsan dhaqdhaqaaqa bixinta alaabta ceeriin ganacsatada. Haddii aanay ahayn sare oo ku filan, ka dibna la geeyo wax soo saarka awood noqon kartaa dhibaato. Ama xalka dhibaatada this go'aamin doona kororka kharashka wax soo saarka, taas oo keeni karta in ay heer ku filan oo ah tartan.

oo kooban

Sidaas daraaddeed, waxaan eegay waxa ratio ee xoojinta hawlgallada iyo fikradaha la socda ee takhasuska, serialization, iyo sidoo kale tiro. tilmaamayaashan sifaha sida ay shirkaddu u qabanqaabisaa sii daayo alaabta: in qaabka guud ee hal, Dufcaddii ama soo saarka mass.

Doorashada model ah waxay ku xiran tahay arrimo badan. Marka hore, waa heerka baahida suuqa ama laga yaabo inay suurto gal. Marka labaad, waa suurogal ah in ay salka ku jira wax soo saarka, iyo sidoo kale rajada soo jiitay shaqaalaha la aqoon gaar ah ee view of maal-go'an, taas oo u baahan tahay inaad dib u bixiso. Mar saddexaad, waa khayraadka kaabayaasha shirkadda ka - ugu horayn in la eego ka qayb qaadashada ee waddooyinka gaadiidka gaarsiinta alaabta macaamiisha ama iibsadaan alaabta ceeriin ganacsatada.