Heshiiska Belovezhskoe, ama dal aan laga badiyay

halkii sal-dhigida

madaxweynaha xiligan ee Vladimir Ruushka Putin yeedhay burburkii Midowga Soofiyeeti qalad ugu weyn geopolitical ee qarnigii 20aad. Heshiiska Belovezhskaya, iyo, iyada oo sababtu tahay waxa ka mid ah, formation of CIS ma ayna karin inay soo hagaajin.

Sababta iyo saamaynta

Taariikhda ayaa xaqiijiyay in wax dhib ah maleh sida xoog ah ama mid la mid ah ama boqortooyadiisa kale, iyadu waxay maraysaa saddex marxaladood oo muhiim ah: dhalashada, ku kici oo eynu. Waxa uu ahaa ma laga reebo iyo awoodaha waaweyn ee qarnigii 20 - Midowga Soofiyeeti. iyada oo loo marayo naxariis ee collectivization iyo abaar, xasuuq u dhashay in ay u egtay lagu hoobtay ee kacaanka iyo dagaal sokeeye, maray, repressions Stalin ee, burburka total iyo murugo, kuwaas oo ku guuleystay inta badan cabsi badan waqtiga dagaalka - dagaalkii labaad ee dunida, jeestay oo daartii weynayd oo, sida Phoenix ka dambas soo baxna, iyo wuxuu ahaa colossus a cagahana dhoobo, sameeyey sida waafaqsan sharciga guud ee Bilowgii iyo 21 sano ka hor ilaa jejebiyey.

Waayo, haddii ay dhacdo noocan oo kale ah lahaa xaaladaha ay halis ah, oo mid ka mid ah ugu weyn - tartanka hagar ah USSR iyo Maraykanka, Moscow iyo Washington.

Inta lagu jiro "dagaal qabow" la West garanaynin sababta naftayda mid Xaq ah, Midowga Soofiyeeti ma waxaa ka guulaysan kara hab military, waxay wiiqi kartaa oo keliya kharashka, iyo helo ugu fiican ee xulafadooda gudahood USSR. Indeed, waxay heleen - in wajiga of qaar ka mid ah madaxda ka mid ah Jamhuuriyadda Union.

gool West ayaa ahaayeen kuwo aad u cad. Laakiin waxa ku howl-gasha madaxdii dawladaha gaar ah "Jamhuuriyadda Gabdhihiinna?" Sida ka leexatay, mabda'a caan qadiimiga ah "qaybi oo xukun". Haa, waxay ku daalay in ay hoos timaada oo madax ka ah Xarunta - Moscow rabay in aan taliyayaashii guryaha iyaga u gaar ah, ku nool yihiin "fiican oo lacag la'aan ah", sida America ku dooday.

Dhex maray in ay xoog ku Boris Yeltsin RSFSR ah run ahaantii uu rabay inuu madaxa a ee gobolka noqon. gool la mid ah u tari jirtay iyo madaxda saameynta badan ee gobollada kale. Laakiin iyagu ma iftiimi in shuruudaha jiritaanka Midowga Soofiyeeti. Waxaa ka mid ahaa oo keliya - in ay heshiis la baabi'iyo daacadnimada ah ee dalka, gaar ahaan Dastuurka Soofiyeeti, la ansixiyay 1977, 7 October, Jamhuuriyadda kasta waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay tahay dawlad madax bannaan oo xaq u si xor ah in ay ka go'aan USSR.

Dagaalka ee ...?

Madaxweynaha Gorbachev isku dayay inuu horistaago burburkii Midowga, si loo ilaaliyo midnimada gobolka. Si taas loo gaaro waxaa lagu qabtay ee aftida All-Midowga on March 17, 1991, kaas oo inta badan ee muwaadiniinta u codeeyay ilaalinta ee dalkooda. On 20 th ee 91aad August ayaa la qorsheeyay saxiixa ah Midowga Treaty cusub. Laakiin waxaa la marin habaabiyay inqilaabkii, oo waxay u yimaadeen inay la yaqaan Guddiga Gurmadka. Isla mar ahaantaana, on 24 August 1991 Ukraine ansixiyeen Bayaanka Xorriyadda. December 1, Ukraine, in lala doorashada, qaban afti on xornimada ee Ukraine ka Russia iyo Jamhuuriyadda kale. Su'aasha ugu weyn ayaa la warinayaa inay ku filan convoluted in la isku qaldo dadka aan la garanaynin diiniga ah kulan siyaasadeed iyo daawooyinka. Sababtoo ah 90% ay cod bixiyayaashu taageereen fikradda ah madax-bannaanida, oo dhan more sidaas arrinta loo gudbinayaa ilaalinta ee xiriirka huwanta la Jamhuuriyadda hore. In diyaarinta xilli dacaayadda afti ballaaran oo wadaninimo waxaa la fuliyay, nuxurka kaas oo hoos u sha-racfaanka: "Jooji quudinta Moscow ee" Hadii aad soo qabato dukumenti u gaar ah oo sannado ah kuwa - waraaqo dacaayad wareejiyay baxay for free jidadka xarumaha dadku of Ukraine, macno ahaan u akhri. Qabashada bogga koowaad, ku qortay in waraaqaha caasimadda, iyo shaxda hoose qoraalka:

"Citizens of Ukraine, uma oggolaan doono in ay naftooda in la khiyaaneeyey! Production per capita iyo meel Ukraine ayaa ka mid ah dalalka ugu horumarsan dunida ... "in miiska muujinaysaa in Ukraine ayaa kaalinta 1aad by deegaanka, iyadoo Germany, Japan, Britain marka la barbar dhigo, in saaridda khayraadka dabiiciga ah, oo ay ku jiraan iron ore, iyo wax soo saarka steel sidoo kale 1-2 meelo ka mid ah gobolada kuwaas oo ah kuwa wax soo saarka cuntada, oo ay ku jirto kibista, hilibka iyo caanaha ee Ukraine dhowr jeer ka badan yihiin dalalka isku. Waraaqo u muuqday in Ukraine - gobolka ugu qanisan in jiri karaan laftiisa by, quudkooda iyo in la siiyo wax kasta oo lagama maarmaan u ah hawlgalka buuxa. Iyo Ukraine ma noolaan hodan iyo farxad oo kaliya sababtoo ah waxay qaadataa iska Russia oo dhan in Moscow, sida Calaqo a Rafaa xayiran jidhka dadka iyo nuugayo la soo dhaafay ka: "Ukraine soo saarta, dhoofinta Midowga, lacagta - qaadataa Moscow. Waxaan iyo carruurtayadaba ha tago burbur dhaqaale, xumaanshaha hidaha iyo murugo. " Markaas, in luqadda Yukreeniyaan tegey liis su'aalo ah, kaas oo lagu eedeeyay in Communists, Midowga lagu maamulo qabto xaday oo dhan, iyada oo inta badan la soo xaday ka kooban yahay hantida ee Ukraine, in fulinta sharciga musuqmaasuqa iyo eryan a Gaarna danahooda dambiyada, iyada oo aan la ixtiraamo sharci kasta oo ka mid ah sharciga, iyo this dhibaatada dadka, oo ugu horreeya oo dhan - Ukraine. Waxaan dhamaaday this "masterpiece" cusub shaqaalaysiiyay racfaanka weyn: "muwaadin A of Ukraine, iyadoo aan loo eegin jinsiyad ama xisbi! FIKIR KA HOR CODBIXINTA soo rogay noo CENTER: MA U BAAHAN TAHAY A JEEDIYEY REVIDERAD sii buurayn ee "?

olole noocan oo kale ah lagu fuliyay sanadkii Jamhuuriyadda kale. Dadka waxaa la baraa in dhammaan hab qaadataa Russia, iyo iyada oo aan wax ku soo noqon doonaa Zaman ee faro badan, labadaba West ah. Sidaas si ay u fikiraan, taas oo keentay in burburinta heshiiska USSR iyo Belovezhskoe ah.

Xaqiiqsadeen in saddex ...

Sidaas darteed, shirka madaxda Russia, Ukraine iyo Belarus - Boris Yeltsin, Kravchuk iyo Shushkevich - qabtay Forest Bialowieza ah, joogitaanka "Viskuli". Waxay ahayd halkaas in December 8 jiray saxiixa heshiis taariikhi sano th Belavezha 91, waraaqaha, sida laga soo xigtay oo Midowga Soofiyeeti dayn inay jiraan, iyo halkii la aasaasay ee Commonwealth of States Independent - CIS. isaga Si ay markii dambe ku biiray by 9 kale Jamhuuriyadda Soviet.

In heshiis Belovezhskoe waa mid gaar ah oo ay dabeecadda dembiyeed, iyo sidoo kale sawirka dhabta ah, ayaa sheegay in xaqiiqda ah in markii uu saxiixay oo dhan shirqoolkii waraaqaha si degdeg ah u yeedhay madaxa Maraykanka George HW Bush, oo sheegay in ay "guulihii". Sidaas si la hadasho, waxaan ku sheegay in shaqada guul sameeyey.

Iyo Mikhail Gorbachev, Madaxweynaha Soviet, ka bartay oo ku saabsan dhacdada maalinta ku xigta. Muddo gaaban kaddib, on 25-kii December ee sanadkii 1991, Gorbachev dhawaan ka hadlay khudbo telefishanka in dadka Soviet madaxweynaha. Waxa uu ka tanaasushay uu awoodaha madaxweynaha oo markiiba intaas ka wareejiyo shandad nuclear, iyo la gacanta ciidamada nuclear, Madaxweynaha Ruush Boris Yeltsin oo dhan.

fiidkii of December 25, dad badan oo dunida television ayaa baahiyey ka Moscow ku saabsan xafladda furitaanka ee calanka Kremlin USSR iyo qaadaya halkii cas ee dalka Ruushka. Sayidka,, dalka ugu weyn ee xoogga dunida oo dhan ayaa la burburiyey oo aan hal shot a. harraad ee awoodda xoogga badan dareen caadi ah iyo dambi waddani.

Gebogebadii

Maxay dadka Midowgii Soofiyeeti ee hore iyo burburkii abuurka CIS ku siiyey? Hoogay ... Waqtigaas, labadaba Europe xuduudaha tirtirayaa, koray oo itaal weynaaday ee Midowga Yurub, soo bandhigay nidaam visa-free iyo si ay u sameeyaan meel caadi ah dhaqaalaha gudahood Midowgii Soofiyeeti ee hore bilaabay in ay u muuqdaan xadka adag iyo caadooyinka. Dilay adag weyn hal qaran dhaqaale. Xiisadda saameynta 90 ee daryeelka muwaadiniinta oo dhan Jamhuuriyadda, laga bilaabo khayraadka-hodanka ah Russia, warshadaha Ukraine, iyo in a sabool Moldova yar, sida Tajikistan iyo kuwa kale. dal kasta badalaan hodannimo la bilaabay si ay u horumariyaan xukunka u gaar ah oo ay aqoonyahanada si farsamo qiyaasid on su'aasha qaran, waxay kicisaa isqabashada iyo dirir, iyo hoos cover iyo kharriba "prihvatiziruyuschaya" hantida hore ee gobolka. rag & dumar ka dhalatay, oligarchs, hadda xoogaysanaya. Dadka helay isaga qudhiisa ku xayiran dhinaca nolosha iyo jiidi soo baxay jiritaanka a murugaysan, waayo 21 sano. Iyo guul, hubaal keenay heshiis Belovezhskoe oo kaliya in ay West ah.