Hormoonnada Contrainsular: qaab hawleed, noocyada

Baro sharciyeynta hormoon ee jirka ku hawllan yahay sayniska - Endocrinology. Waxaa intaas dheer, hab this garoomada xeryahooda noolaha been berrinkii daawo sida Kiimikada noole. Labada ee cilmiga kuwani waa mid aad u muhiim ah, sababtoo ah hormoonada leedahay saamayn badan oo kala duwan, lagama maarmaanka u ah hawlaha caadiga ah. Waa walxahan waxay mas'uul ka yihiin dhammaan noocyada kala-shiid ee jirka (carbohydrate, protein, baruurta). Sababo la joogo ma jiro qaybinta nafaqooyinka tamarta loo baahan yahay in la joogteeyo nolosha. Mid ka mid ah hormoonada ugu muhiimsan waa insulin. Sida aad ogtahay, marka failure waa xadgudub shiid carbohydrate iyo horumarinta diabetes. Intaa waxaa dheer, ma muhiim ah ka yar, waa hormoonnada contrainsular. Waxa kale oo loo baahan yahay si loo xaqiijiyo is-dhaafsiga ee walxaha. Intaa waxaa dheer, mid kasta oo ka mid ah xeryahooda noolaha u qabata ay shaqo.

hormoonnada Contrainsular - waa maxay?

Sida la og yahay, insulin hormone loo baahan yahay in la xakameeyo heerka sonkorta. Haddii uu sii daayay in tiro yar, ama Ogayn by receptors ah, ka dibna qof uu yeesho diabetes. Sidoo kale waa in aad ogtahay in halis kuma aha khasaare oo kaliya, laakiin xad-dhaaf ah oo ah walaxda this noolaha. Si aad u daawaca ee jirka, waxaa contrainsular hormoonnada, oo aan mid ka mid ah, laakiin dhowr. oo dhan waxay leeyihiin saameyn kala duwan on-shiid carbohydrate. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah waxay keenaysaa in hoos u dhac in fiirsashada insulin ee dhiigga. Mid kasta oo ka hormoonnada, kuwaas oo la soo saaray in "ay" jidhka. Waayo, meelaha sidayaasha bayoolojiga waxyaabaha xogta ka mid ah xammeetidu iyo qanjirka thyroid, qanjidhada adrenal, maskaxda iyo xiniinyaha.

aayahooda

Kontrinsulyarnyh hormone - walax in loo baahan yahay si ay u siiyaan-shiid carbohydrate ee jidhka ku jira. Its tallaabo loogu talagalay ilaalinta caddadka gulukooska ee caadiga ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, hormone kasta kontrinsulyarnyh mas'uul ka yahay ay shaqo u gaar ah, oo aan la xiriira dheef. heerka sonkorta dhiigga caadiga ah u dhaxeysa 3.3 5.5 mmol. Haddii insulin mas'uul ka yahay xaqiijinta in fiirsashada sonkorta ma uusan kordhinin, Doodeen ay yihiin lagama maarmaan si ay u ilaaliyaan xadka hoose ee tilmaamahan. Iyada oo hoos u dhac in heerarka sonkorta dhiigga dhacdaa halis u ah xaaladda jidhka - hypoglycemia. Waxaa lagu gartaa khasaaro of xoog, cadaadis dhiig oo hoos u, tachycardia iyo gariirka. Haddii qofku uusan haysan waqti ay ku caawiyaan, hypoglycemia waxay keeni kartaa kooma. Si looga hor, loo baahan yahay hormoono, waxqabadka lagu saxaayo ee insulin. Waxyaabahani waxay jidhka ku yaraaday.

noocyada

hormoonnada Contrainsular yihiin walxaha noolaha sii daayay by kala duwan qanjidhada hormoonada jidhka. Waxa intaa dheer in hawlihiisa u gaarka ah ee mid kasta oo ka mid ah waxyaalahan waa awoodaa inuu xeeriyo-shiid carbohydrate. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, si ay u ilaaliyaan heerka sonkorta dhiigga caadiga ah waa, lagama maarmaan u ah hawlgalada walxaha oo dhan. Xarunta noolaha waxaa antagonist ah insulin, qaybsan yihiin kooxaha soo socda:

1. hormoonnada thyroid. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid tyroksiini.
2. Muqaadaraadka sii daayay layers cortical iyo medullary oo ka mid ah qanjidhada adrenal. Wakiillada oo ka tirsan kooxda this - cortisol iyo adrenaline.
3. STH. Waxay u taagan tahay soo baxay in qanjirka pituitary ee.
4. hormone Contrainsular qarisay by beeryarada hormoonada jidhka. Tani xarunta noolaha waa glucagons.
5. Testosterone. Waxaa la soo saaray ee kiliyaha adrenal, iyo gonads lab - xiniinyaha.

Mid kasta oo ka hormoonnada, kuwaas oo ku qarisay "u gaar ah" qanjirka hormoonada jidhka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay ku nidaamsantahay nidaamka hypothalamic-pituitary ee, oo ku yaalla maskaxda.

hormoonnada Contrainsular: qaab hawleed ee jirka

In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in dhammaan ku Doodeen of insulin saamayn ku-shiid carbohydrate, farsamo garoomada kala duwan iyaga ka. Saamaynta degdeg ah oo ku saabsan caddadka gulukooska ee dhiiggaaga ayaa glucagons. hormone waxaa soo saaray ganaca si joogto ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii fiirsashada sonkorta dhiigga hoos u, dheecaan oo ah walaxda waa la wanaajiyey. Its qaab hawleed ka kooban yahay in xaqiiqda ah in ay saamaysaa unugyada beerka. Thanks to this qayb of stock reserve of glucose la sii daayay iyo galo dhiigga. hab la mid ah garoomada lagu arkay horumarinta hormoonada kale contrainsular - adrenaline. kiliyaha adrenal glucocorticoids qoondeeyey. Iyadoo yaraanta ah ee sonkor ah ee dhiigga, hormoonada, kuwaas oo kor u ay Avv heerka gacanta, in uu yahay, hogaanka si formation of glucose ka acids amino. hormoonnada Hunguriga kordhiyo saamaynta adrenaline. Somatotropin leedahay saamayn kontrinsulyarnyh kaliya ee u tiro badan, inta badan ee carruurnimada (inta lagu guda jiro koritaanka).

Dhexgalka ee hormoonnada ganaca

beeryarada waa hay'adda ugu weyn ee nidaamka hormoonada jidhka ee saameeya-shiid carbohydrate. Waxay u qabata hormoonada jidhka iyo shaqada secretory labadaba. Midka, qayb hormoonada jidhka ganaca waa dabada. In waxa jira hay'adaha sida Islets of Langerhans. Unugyada oo ka mid ah gobollada jidh ayaa ka mas'uul ah dheecaan ka mid ah dhowr nooc oo ah hoormoonka. Qayb ka mid ah jasiiradda secretes insulin. unugyada kale ee soo saaro hormoonka "glucagons". The formation iyo sii daayo galay dhiigga walax saamaysaa heerka glucose. Inta badan fiirsashada sonkorta waa signal ee soosaarka insulinta. Sida caadiga ah, hormone this haysaa sonkorta dhiigga heer sax ah, waxaa ka hortagga ka soo baxna. Waa antagonist ah insulin, glucagons, taas oo, on lid ku ah, ayaa mas'uul ka ah la sii daayo sonkorta dhiiga. shaqada dubbaridan ee hormone ganaca hubisaa-shiid carbohydrate caadiga ah ee jirka. Haddii ay shaqo secretory waa daciif ah sabab kasta, inay gargaar ah xubnaha kale ee nidaamka hormoonada jidhka ah.

wax soo saarka Kontrinsulyarnyh hormoonnada by qanjidhada adrenal

Doodeen insulin si firfircoon uga soo saaray in qanjidhada adrenal. xubnaha waxay leeyihiin laba lakab. In kasta oo hormoono, kuwaas oo loo sameeyay. kiliyaha adrenal saamayn contrainsular leeyihiin androgens iyo glucocorticoids. caawimo ayaa marka hore si loo kordhiyo heerka sonkorta laba siyaabood. Wakiilka koox this - cortisol hoormoonka. Waxa uu kordhiyaa tirada falgalka loo baahan yahay si loogu badalo acids amino in glucose. saamayn A dheeraad ah cortisol tahay awooddiisa ah inuu wax soo saarka "qalabka dhismaha" waayo, sonkor ka unugyada muruqa. Sayidka, hormone firfircoon dedejisaa glyukoneonegeza. Waxa intaa dheer in cortisol in androgens kiliyaha soo saaray. hormoonnada Kuwani waa walxo steroid. Shaqadooda ugu weyni waa formation of sifooyinka galmada sare. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxay saamayn ku -shiid borotiinada iyo carbohydrates. medulla The adrenal uu ku dhexsameeysmo hormoonnada contrainsular - adrenaline. Haddii la sii daayay ay u fiirsashada gulukooska ee dhiigga waxaa kor u kacay.

Kumbyuutarradeedu: saamayn ku-shiid carbohydrate

adrenaline hormone waxaa loo yaqaan ma aha oo kaliya in ay dhakhaatiirta. Dad badan ayaa la ogaado in maalkiisu waa dhiigga lagu sii daayo inta lagu guda jiro stress daran ama argagax. Indeed, adrenaline ay inta badan la xidhiidha cabsi. jawaab A caadiga ah si ay u sii daayo hormone this waa hawl socon karto, garaaca wadnaha oo kordhay, furanto ardayda. Sidoo kale walax this waxaa ku dhexsameeysmo shaybaarka iyo sida loo isticmaalo dawada. Waxa intaa dheer in hawshooda u ah ee dhaqdhaqaaqa wadnaha, adrenaline waa saamaynta on-shiid carbohydrate, ie leedahay saamayn kontrinsulyarnyh. Its qaab hawleed siyaabaha soo socda:

1. Waxa uu ku kordhinaya xawaaraha ee gluconeogenesis.
2. Wuxuu saameeyaa burburka ee glycogen in murqaha lafaha. Tani waxay talaabo ah adrenaline waa inta badan sameysa.

Waxaa xusid mudan in marka la eego hormone nabad dareen uma siyaadiyo uruureen sonkorta dhiigga. Sida qiiqa ay sii kordhisay in hyperglycemia. In this waxaa ka duwan hab ay of tallaabo of glucagons. Waxay calaamad u yahay inuu ka tago adrenaline waa farax dareenka, stress.

Testosterone: Shaqooyinka ee jirka

Testosterone - kontrinsulyarnyh hormone ah, kaas oo la soo saaray gonads lab. Sidoo kale, qadar yar oo ah steroid noolaha ku dhexsameeysmo kiliyaha adrenal. sii kordhaya mass muruqa, iyo koritaanka lafaha, dardargelinta ee spermatozoa iyo erythropoiesis: Saamaynta soo socda ayaa ah hawlaha ugu muhiimsan ee testosterone. Intaa waxaa dheer, hormoonka kordhiyaa habka dheefshiidka ee jirka, oo ay ku jiraan carbohydrate. Sida laga soo xigtay tirakoobka, ee saynisyahano dhimay, ragga u badan oo testosterone ee dhiigga, waa wax ka yar u nugul cudurka macaanka iyo cayilka.

Taas oo ka mid ah hormoonada contrainsular waa ka itaal?

Dhab ahaantii uma uu jawaabi karo su'aasha, waxa ay tahay hormoonnada contrainsular ugu awooda badan. Dhammaan oo ka mid ah walxaha noolaha saamayn korodhka heerka sonkorta dhiigga iyo in la kordhiyo shiid of carbohydrates. tallaabo kasta oo hormoonno ah waa saamayn ka soo horjeeda ee insulin. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kuwaas oo ah walaxda waa antagonist ah ilaa xad weyn ku xiran tahay midda of xarunta gaar ah. Under xaaladaha caadiga ah, glucagons ee hormone ugu awooda badan oo la odhan karaa. Iyada oo thyroid kordhaya walax uu noqdo tyroksiini, kasoobaxyo adrenal - cortisol ama adrenaline.