Hubka yar yar: AK-12. Maqaallo AK-12

Bal aan ka bilowno our dood ku saabsan AK-12 eraybixinta ah. akhristayaasha badan oo hore waxaa lagu turunturoodo ka heli doontaa. Waxay la wareersan tihiin, ma uu garanaynin nooca hubka: darandoorriga ama qoriga. Waan ugu soo dedejinaa si aan kuu ogeysiinno runta in this, sida kiisaska intooda badan, waa mid aad u fudud: waa wax la mid ah. erayga Ruush "mashiinka" (bilowday isticmaalka armourer Frolov) in Ingiriisi asal ahaan Dirk qoriga, in kaliya ka dhigan tahay "qoriga."

New AK-12 waxaa loogu talagalay ee Machine-Building Izhevsk ee Plant hoos jihada of injineer sare oo ka tirsan kooxda - gunsmith Tula Zlobin Vladimir Viktorovich.

Riwaayado jiilka V hub Tani waxay ku salaysan tahay farsamooyinka casriga ah ee qalabaynta ee classical, ku lug leh qalab gaas Jidka dheer oo qoqobada bool. isbadal leh qaabka la taaban karo ayaa la sameeyey si uu qadanayo.

jihada ugu weyn ee horumar ahaa korodhka sax dabka, ergonomics hagaagtay, design qaybsan cusub, "jilicsan" qalabaynta uumiga sare, awood u leh inay u isticmaalaan noocyo kala duwan oo rido bam-gacmeedka. eeg ugu weyn ee hubka (siiyey in milimitir) - 5.45 39 (iyo sidoo kale-AK 74). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sida la samayn doonaa oo calibers kale: 5,56 45; 7,62 in 39; 7,62 inay 51. saarka ayaa waxaa sidoo kale la filayaa 7,62 51 (Heerka NATO) iyo 6,5 Grendel.

ballan

Sidee si ay u qeexaan qoriga weerar cusub oo ay ka shaqeynayaan? Tan iyo bishii November ee sanadkii hore, sida aad ogtahay, on firings baaritaanka sameeyay on izhmashevskoy saldhigga imtixaanka, waxaa la xaqiijiyay in sifooyinka dhawaaqay of mishiinka. In guga ee 2014 waxay gabagabaysay razrabotcheskie iyo imtixaanka shaqada ee TSNIITOCHMASH, iyo AK-12 geli jiray. Ciidamo aad u hesho doonaa waxqabadka, taas oo 5.45 iyo 7,62 mm. Sidoo kale, this hub cusub si firfircoon dhoofiyo doonaa. Ogsoonow in mid ka mid ah fikradaha Abuurkiisa ahaa in la kordhiyo saamiga Ruush oo ka mid ah suuqa hubka ee caalamiga ah iyadoo ay sabab u tartanka guul la baarka shisheeye ee mashiinada.

Isha macluumaadkan ahaa qoraalka by Oleg Bochkarev, guddoomiye ku-xigeenka dhismaha ciidamada warshadaha ee dowladda Ruush on 16.09.2013, wareysi uu siiyay idaacada "Echo ee Moscow".

Macluumaad kale oo ka wargeyska "Vzglyad" xaday, waxay muujinaysaa in Madaxweynaha Russia ansixiyay mashiinada warsiinta nidaamka socda Wasaaradda Difaaca: Technologies Ruush shirkad waxaa badelay mid mashiinka cusub oo ku saabsan saddex jir ah oo ka mid ah Wasaaradda Difaaca la bakhaarada hubka.

The qoriga cusub, loogu talagalay in lagu bedelo taagan on the AK-74 hubka. Maanta, sida aynu ognahay, model this qabata hubka lugta aasaasiga ah. Waxaa, si adag u hadlayay, ayaa dib u habaynta, marka hore ka hor (ee "carqaladayn" horumarinta tartanka "Abakan"), ka dibna - iskii ee 2013-2014. (At qoto "Abakan horumar degdeg ah" konstuirovaem beegsaday cusub "Kalashnikov"). Imtixaanada tusay AK-12: suuqa hubka yimid a hub cusub amaanaa, siyaabo badan oo dabeecadaha qoryaha ujecel dalalka kale.

hagaajinta Major

Sidaas darteed, shaqo hal abuur at guurka ka ab V "Kalashnikov" in design aasaasiga ah AK-74M (IV Generation) 18 ka sameeyey isbedel asaasiga ah dhismaha. Isla mar ahaantaana u suurtagashay in ay dhowraan classic "Kalashnikov" khariidad, isku halaynta iyo xog.

AK-12 waxaa ka fadilnaa samaynta cusub ay kiciyaan hab u ogolaanaya shaqo ka cayrinta saddex nooc oo dab ah: darbo hal, inay Cadha daraadeed toogtay, laydhkii oo rasaas gaabin (gooyn-off) - saddexdii wareeg.

Horumar la taaban karo, ugu dambeyntii ah hubka Ruush si toos ah ka dib sannado badan oo dood, weli dhaansan gacanta ergonomic run ahaantii si raaxo leh.

At jirrabyadii xusay sahlaansashada laabi buttstock telescoping, arkidda riixo. Waxaa loo adeegsaday labo dabada baddalista. Midkii kowaad wuxuu u - mid ka mid ah in, dhab ahaantii, waxay leedahay a Kalashnikov AK-74. Shirka labaad ee - a more manufacturable, telescopic shan sixitaanka booska. dambaysta wuxuu kuu ogol yahay hubka dhammaataan taam hoos anthropometry arrow. Si weyn u dhimay recoil, kaas oo si togan u saamayn ku saxnaanta dabka. Soo hagaagaya xadka hab toogashada.

Mashiinka leeyahay design a qaybsan, kaas oo u ogolaanaya rakibidda foosto laysku beddelid karo ee heerkiisa iyo dhererka kala duwan. Waxaa loogu talagalay sida madal salka ku lug leh horumarinta 20 beddelka xiga ah.

Marka la dhigaayo qoriga weerar Ruush cusub isticmaalaa qalabka ugu dambeeyay iyo blaastiigga. Inta lagu guda jiro dhismaha asalka 10 xal farsamo tiga.

ergonomics

Isticmaal AK-12 bidix händer noqon doonaa sida ku haboon sida xaq-händer: xamili ku nasto, at doorashada ee sayidkiisa hubka, si fudud u habeyn ama bidix ama midig. Dabcan, saamaynta togan ee awoodaha dagaalka ay soo socda feature cad haya mashiinka hal gacan, waxa ay noqon doontaa suurto gal ah in ay beddelaan noocyada la mid ah dab, fududee dukaanka, geliyey hub fiyuuska, iyo ganaan. Si arrintan loo sameeyo, gaar ahaan toogashada suulka gacantiisa ku qalabaysan 2-hab 4-jid turjumaan-qarxiye.

waqti xoqdo la yareeyo AK-12 kharash ku dhismaha cusub slide button stop ku haboon ku yaal kor ku xusan dukaanka, xaq on qadanayo. Machine leedahay qaab more adag, sidii loo xoojin lahaa qadanayo daboolo kharash ku dhigoodu lagu kalsoonaan karo hore ee ay xidhiidh la qadanayo. In ay qayb ka gadaal cap tani waxaa la dhajinta by lever gaar ah xire actuable ku taala ku dul isla gadaal midig.

qalab Jaha

In habka ay u fiiriyey si adag u xasilin jagada daboolka of qaraabo qadanayo in foosto, taas oo abuuri fursado dheeraad ah loo isticmaalo ee ku lifaaqan. Suurto gal ah si loo fududeeyo this shaqo dheeraad ah, cover qadanayo dhameystiray rail Picatinny (oo sidoo kale laga heli karaa hoose iyo dhinac u dhudhun iyo qolladdii gaaska).

Iyadoo ay gargaar, "sidoo kalena ka mid ah gacanta" cusub "Kalashnikov" AK-12 jirsado galay baasuuke. On foregrip ku kooban qaybta hoose lagu lifaaqi karaa noocyada kala duwan ee rido bam-gacmeed 40 mm GP-25 "Fire" (Halaag ciidamada nool ee cadowga), 40-mm GP-30 "Obuvka" for rasaas rasaas caseless firirka qaraxa, 40 mm hagaagtay (wax garad la'aanta heysa) GP-34.

Ujeedada hagaagay

Hagaagtay uumiga si toos ah loo maleeyo dheelitirka ah filaayo in dhaqaaqo qaybo iyo hababka, isticmaalka ugu badan ee biriiga xakame - waxan oo dhan waa jidka ugu gaaban keenay qoriga weerar cusub oo u dhiganta waxqabadka in a automatics dheeli tiran (AK-107).

Kalashnikov AK-12 ku qalabeysan yahay ah dhaafka fiicnaaday dun iyo soo galo, taas oo uu leeyahay saamayn togan ku soo koobin ee saxnimada.

Waxaan hore u soo sheegnay in this hab article keebka Innovation. Waxaan ku dari in ay kuu ogolaanayaa inaad si ay u gaaraan heerka waxqabadka marka la cut-off toogtay 1000 wareeg halkii daqiiqo, iyo safafka - 600, (waayo, waqti isku mid ah). kala guurka ah si ay u hababka toogashada la sameeyo iyada oo iyagoo indhaha ka qaadista fallaadha caleen hortiisa. Ka hor inta ku biiro si fudud u gaaro suulka, riix keebka. dhaqdhaqaaqa Tani waa mid fudud, si deg deg ah u keenay automatism.

New AK-12, ay sabab u tahay aaladda la iibiyay, helay waxaa macquul ah qalabka ugu fiiriyey si toos ah saamayn ku saxnaanta toogashada: cayn kasta oo indhaha (indhaha, tusaale ahaan, ACOG ee, collimator, habeenkii, farsamo), sameeyay laser iyo nalalka xeeladeed. saxnaanta toogashada ayaa sidoo kale si togan u saamayn kordhay oo dherer ah arkidda by saarista hortiisa gadaal dib.

sifooyinka Martial

Hubka AK-12 (jiilka V qoryaha Ruush) leedahay sifooyinka farsamo ee heerka caalamiga ah (eeg. Sanduuqa 1).

sifooyinka dagaal	tilmaamayaasha
Booskan, mm	5.45 in 39; 5,56 45; 7,62 in 39; 7,62 on 51 NATO
nooca maamusha	outlet Gas, waalka ah Rotary
dhererka
AK-12, arki	110 - oo dhaarsan soor, baadkiisa - 94,5; Butt ayaa laga saaray - 72.5
Jirridda, ka eeg	41,5
Miisaanka, g	3300 (dukaamo lahayn)
AK-12 sifooyinka qoriga
Xawliga toogashada, darbo halkii daqiiqo	Safafka - 600; xadka - 1000
AK-12, sifooyinka awoodda dagaalka (gulufyadii burburiyeen)	Classic Shop AK (30); magazine 4-xigta sanduuqa (60); Drum (95)
xawaare xakame (bilowga ah)	0.9 km / s
Wax ku ool ah. Arkidda. masaafada	0.6 km
line arkidda (mm)	Sight sectored isku daro - 414 mm diopter Bannaanka - 583 mm

La barbardhigo qoryaha NATO-vskimi

Marka in domain dadweynaha waxaa jiray sawir ka mid ah AK-12 ah, xaqiiqda isla markiiba kiciyey resonance badan, badan oo ka doondooneen sifooyinka uu kala hadlay. Ka dib markii ay u caddaatay in design cusub ee abuuray a heer caalami hubka yar yar si toos ah. Waa lacag si tartan ah inay istaahilaan inay qoryaha of horseedka dal-qaybgalayaasha NATO. War saxaafadeedka ayaa ugu danbeysay cadaato miiska la barbardhigo gaar ah ee soo socda.

Shaxda 2. Isbarbar ee AK-12 ah Ruush saldhig hub si toos ah NATO

	Italy	United States	Germany	Austria	Russia
	Beretta ARX 160	M16A4	HK416 14,5 "	Steyr A3 aug	AK-12
Year of dhaqmaadka	2009	1994	2005	2005	2014
Mass (unfilled) kg	3	3,55	3,56	3.9	3.2
Length dec. baadkiisa, mm	950	1000	950	745	940
dhererka aqbalana mm	406	510	420	455	415
heerkiisa	5,56 mm ilaa 45 mm	5,56 mm ilaa 45 mm	5,56 mm ilaa 45 mm	5,56 mm ilaa 45 mm	5.45 mm ilaa 39 mm
rasaas nooc	hal	hal	hal	hal	hal
	si toos ah	The cut-off of 3 darbo	si toos ah	si toos ah	The cut-off of 3 darbo
		si toos ah			si toos ah
Rate ee rds. / Min	700	700-950	850	680-750	650-1000
xawaaraha rasaas, km / s (Basic.)	n / d	0,85	0.75	0.99	0.9
Saamaynta. mustaqbalka. toogashada	0.6 km	0.6 km	0.4 km	0.5 km	0.6 km
awoodda magazine	100 gulufyadii; 30 wareeg	Laga soo bilaabo 20 ilaa 100 rasaas ah, 30 wareeg caadiga ah	Laga soo bilaabo 20 ilaa 100 rasaas ah, 30 wareeg caadiga ah	42 rasaas ah, 30 wareeg	95, 60, 30 wareeg
hortiisa aasaasiga ah	hortiisa wuxuu furan yahay	hortiisa diopter	hortiisa diopter	1.5X hortiisa indhaha	hortiisa diopter doorsoome. ama u furan
lifaaqa arkidda	PL. Picatinny	PL. Picatinny	PL. Picatinny	PL. Picatinny	PL. Picatinny
bambaano ay siyaado		M203	HK AG36	M203	GP-25, 30.34

Sida laga arki karo miiska ka, inta badan ee beegyada uu ka hor tartanka ee-AK 12. Astaamaha u gaarka ah hub Ruush ugu boosaska badan.

Revaluation hubka Ruush dagaalka taatikada isticmaalka AK

yaabo ina aad dareentay iyo-hab rasaas AK-12 (hub Photo maqaalka muujiyaan biiro lever-xulista ah). Waa maxay sababta? First of dhan - la isbedel ku fikirka ah ee dagaalka isticmaalka cusub "Kalashnikov" ah. sayniska ciidamada Soviet ayaa loo aqoonsaday sanado badan in Cadha daraadeed la eryo dabka waxaa loo arkaa aragtida ugu weyn ee mishiinka. Tani view khalad ilaa dhawaan ka adkaaday ee Soviet toogashada suugaanta classical. Inta badan ka dhigtay in ay ka yar, iyo AK iyo AKM. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in sida si ay u abuuraan cufnaanta sare ah dabka iyo, Sidaa darteed, fiirsashada ugu badan ee ciidan.

Mid ka mid ah aqoonyahaniinta Ruush keentay berrinkii hubka Sergey Borisovich Monetchikov in uu shaqada ku qeexan iyo xaq aragti dheeraad ah oo macquul ah oo arrinta.

First of dhan aynu u falanqeeyaan xaaladda hore kaas oo waajib ku ah in ay qaataan sayniska military. Askari Tani rasaas. Waa wax iska cad in ay tahay kooban xaaladaha xad Ujeedada. Askari oo sita qoriga, keeni kartaa xumad ah ugu badnaan 8-10 dukaamada. Sidaa darteed, rajada ah "blurt baxay" uu jeedin bilowgii dagaalka si ay uga hortagaan labada fulinta shaqada askari dagaalka, iyo badbaado leh oo dagaalka ka mid ah. xaqiiqada Marka taa laga reebo, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah inay tixgeliyaan arrin ah ee hub kulaylka. Marka rasaas laydhkii oo ka mid ah geeddi-socodka this wax badan oo aad u daran. Xad-dhaafka ah kululeeyo hub "aargoosi" arrow sax hooseeyo. In the case of dagaal ee mugga u xiran yihiin (gudaha) inay Cadha daraadeed toogashada ben la cigta aan la saadaalin karin, waayo, toogashada dilaaga ah. Hanad Aleksandr Vasilevich Suvorov ahaa oo gabi ahaanba waa xaq, barayay askari "si ay u ilaaliyaan kaydadka ah." fikrad Tani, dabcan, ma aha in la haybsooco ee cadaadiska ka cayrinta on cadowga ku ogaadeen in hubka loo arkaa. Later in this article waxaan ka fiirsan doonaa toogashada oo ka mid ah xeeladaha cusub "Kalashnikov".

toogashada hal

In pfu fog in aragti wanaagsan ayaa la doorbidaa rasaas gulufyadii hal. Waa in aynaan illoobin in dagaalka uma shaqeeyo dabaqi karo farsamada ee-dumisaan of garaacid circuit bartilmaameedka adigoo ku rasaas badan. In-dumisaan jawi xasilloon waad isticmaali kartaa farsamo ee lagu doonayo "in lugta bidix," ama ay raad isha goolka. In xaaladda dagaalka ah askartii halkaas ku adkaysato factor in yaryahayna waxa sax ah, saamaynta daal jireed, qalabka la isaga difaaco, iwm Fallaadha gan, safafka ugu waqti isku mid ah - xad-dhaaf ah oo madhan.

Dhacdo optionally si taxadar leh in ujeedkiisu yahay shot kasta. Well xaqiijiyey a toogashada hal orday, oo aan soo saaray ka yar si toosa dooneysa, oo ay isku duqsiyo badan oo leh ujeedo. AK-12 ee arrintan la xiriira waa mid aad u sahlan. Uu hab toogashada siman ka dib markii rasaas shiidaa qaadataa in ujeedkiisu yahay bartilmaameedka, halka qayb-oolnimada ee dheeraad ah laambad hal orday.

Xabado inay Cadha daraadeed gaaban

Noocan ah dabka waa mid ku habboon in marxaladda dagaalka hore fog marka xaaladaha liita aragti (habeen, qiiq, cagaaran cajiib ah). Under xaaladahan, marxalada koowaad ee isku dhaceen cadowga had iyo jeer ma cadda halkaas oo uu dhab yahay. Iyada oo taageero ka Cadha gaaban macno leh soo saaray "kooner" cadowga.

Markaasaa nin hubaysan ee ka socda hal toogashada mid ka mid jagooyinka cadowga aqoonsaday. Waxaa jira khiyaar kale. Laydhkii oo ka mid ah 6-8 wareeg rasaas weerar gaadmo ah oo ka ciidamada cadowga ku yaalla qaybta toogashada arka. Sayidka dabka gaadhay cufnaanta ugu badnaan iyo, sida, codsatay dhaawac maximal in cadowgu ku. Rate ee AK-12 kulminna 600/1000 ku ool ah qaban karin ergooyinka sida.

xadka toogtay

dababka Askariga, jooga statics iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa. Xaalada danbe, waxa uu leeyahay in ay toogtaan, waa aan degganayn. Xaaladahan oo kale xadka hab hufnaan ugu badan. Intaa waxaa dheer, waayo, AK-12 ah, dheelitirka ee keebka iyo sidoo kale-xaqiijiyay, jirridda ma aha khatar ku ah inay noqoto mid u soo jeestay-up iyo, marka lagu daro, gaari sax wanaagsan.

Cayrin inay Cadha daraadeed dheer

Noocan ah toogashada waxaa loo isticmaalaa in weerarka, haddii shuruudaha ugu yar ricochet rasaas. Inta badan, weerarka ma oga meesha ay ku qarinayaan cadowga difaacaneysa. Cayrin inay Cadha daraadeed dheer uu ogolaanayaa in ay uga takhalusi lahaayeen (laga yaabaa in si ku meel gaar, waxaa kale oo muhiim ah) aan dhibic, oo markiiba - gudahood xaddi gaar ah oo bannaan.

gunaanad

The cusub Kalashnikov weerar qoriga AK-12 - durkin a on heerka shakhsiga ah ee qarnigan, wax soo saarka ee warshadaha ee difaaca Ruush.

Tani hubka la isku halayn karo iyo farsmada heerka sare ah ayaa xaqiijiyay in ku tilmaamay KB Kalashnikov. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, laga yaabo in dabeecadihiisa dagaal fiican oo la odhan karaa ma guurto ah oo kaliya. Dynamics codsiga AK-12 (askari photo hogaanka toogashada, supra.), M. E. Its dagaal waxtarka lagu muujiyey in Performance daawaha leh kartida iyo xirfadda shaqaalaha. Si arrintan loo sameeyo, waxaa muhiim ah in aan dil template sida in dumisaan ah, jimicsiyada toogtay, iyo jilicsan isku, askari tareen. Isagu waa in ay awoodaan ma aha oo kaliya in ay si sax ah dab, laakiin waxaa lagu talinayaa in kala duwan yihiin hababka toogashada "Kalashnikov", taas oo ku xidhan sifooyinka xaaladda dagaalka.