Kazan Cathedral, St. Petersburg, taariikhda, sharaxaad, walxood

Mid ka mid ah dhismayaasha ugu weyn ee diinta ka mid ah caasimada waqooyiga - Cathedral ee sharafta leh Kazan. Laga soo bilaabo xarumaha ee xarunta of labada dhinac ee baal faafidda - giraarka. Ka baxsan cathedral la qurxiyey Bas-reliefs, dhigay shamiindo hurdi. Dhismaha dhigaysa aragti weyn. decoration gudaha iyo dibadda macbudka ruxruxaa: 56 columns heer sare ah, oo ka samaysan yihiin dhagax adag pink Finnish iyo qurxiyey caasimadaha Korintos gilt, la abuuro dareen ah meel iyo waynaanta.

Cathedral Building

Icon of Kazan Hooyo Ilaah in labada qarniyo soo dhaafay, waa relic ah guri ammaan Romanov ah. Waxaa markii ugu horaysay la keenay magaalada by Peter I. In qeybtii hore ee qarnigii XVII ee St. Petersburg la dhisay Church of Virgin Mary barakaysan (qoraaga ee mashruuca - M. Zemtsov, naqshadeeyaha ugu caansan Ruush). Waxay ahayd on kaalinta aad meesha cathedral weyn waxaa ku sugnaa maanta. Dhammaadkii qarnigii, ayaa kiniisaddii iyo dhismayaasha ku xiga ayaa la burburiyay, ka tago meel weyn ee bartamaha magaalada.

Abuuritaanka mashruuc

tartan farshaxan for design kaniisadda cusub ee lagu dhawaaqay. Waxaa socday muddo ku dhow saddex sano (1797-1800 GG.). ka qaybgalayaasha ku hor yiil tartan ilaa xad ah. Paul waxaan u rajeeyay in macbudka cusub u ekaa Cathedral caanka St. Butros, oo ku yaalla Rome, shuqulka Michelangelo ku Buonarroti weyn, iyo injineero kale ee Renaissance ah. Cathedral kaga xidhan in ay qurxiyaan giraarka ah, qiyaastii la mid ah sida ama ku xiga si ay u Cathedral ee St. Peter by naqshadeeyaha ugu Giovanni Bernini. Waxa muhiim ahayd in la qoro dhismaha taariikhi ah oo cusub oo meel ay horey u qurxiyey naqshadda.

Iyadoo la tixraacayo Buzadag meesha allabariga Orthodox kaniisadda waa in u furan yahay bari, iyo tolnimo ugu weyn - galbeed, ie Meschanskuyu (hadda Kazan) jidka.

Laga soo bilaabo bilowga ugu horreeya ee tartanka u keeneen, injineero weyn ka qayb - P. Gonzaga, A. N. Voronihin, Cameron. In 1800, ka-qaybgalka tartanka gaaray magaalada JF Thomon.

Marka hore Paul waxaan ansixiyey mashruuca ee Charles Cameron. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in ay taageero ka Tirinta A. S. Stroganova, kuwaas oo mas'uul ka ahaa mashruuca dhismaha A. ku N. Voronihina mahad waxaa la ansixiyay bishii November 1800. waa xal ballaaran oo muddo dheer wada hadleen bulshada. Gaar ahaan dood kulul ka dhigay asal Voronikhin ahaa Stroganoff hore Serf. Tiradda, wuxuu helay 1786dii.

macbudka Asheeraah

Kazan Cathedral waa Asheeraah ugu weyn - icon mucjisada ah Hooyo Ilaah. Bilowga ee qarnigii XVII ah, inta lagu guda jiro halganka la soo duulay Swedish iyo Polish, icon waxaa had iyo jeer la socdaan maleeshiyada of Prince Dmitry Pozharsky. Markaas waxaa lagu hayay Kazan Moscow Terem ee Cathedral.

Peter aan in 1710 amray in ay keenaan St. Petersburg celceliyay oo qaraami ah ee image mucjisada ah.

Marka Voronikhin dhisay Cathedral ee Icon Kazan ah, doonista Paul Emperor aan sameynayo, waxa uu u adeegsaday noocooda ah ee sabab kaliya giraarka semicircular la soo jeediyay, oo ku yaalla hore ee dhismaha macbudka. Iyo inta kale ee naqshadeeyaha ugu Ruush ayaa abuuray dhismeedka madax banaan, taas oo si fiican u shubtay galay dhismaha Nevsky Prospekt.

95 columns weyn jeexaan xariiqda aag yar. Midig iyo Bidix dhamaado giraarka portals weyn. Dhismaha waxa uu leeyahay ujeeddo gaar ah - waxay qarinayaan jirka ugu weyn ee kaniisadda.

Si buuxda mashruuca dhismaha lama fulin. Marka la dhammeeyey in la dhiso Cathedral Kazan ah, naqshadeeyaha ugu bixiyey in la dhiso giraarka Voronikhin dheeraad ah, kaas oo uu ku yaalaa dhinaca koonfureed ee dhismaha. Waxay lahaa inuu ku soo celiyo dhigiisa waqooyi. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, oo uu soo jeediyay in loo diiday.

macbudka Description

On jidadka dhinac oo Kazan, waxaa la go'aamiyay in la sameeyo albaabka weyn ee Cathedral Kazan ah. St. Petersburg helay qaab gebi ahaanba u gaar ah, taas oo ah si hagaagsan ayuu ku faani St. Petersburg, iyo danta guests badan oo booqanaya magaalada.

In la eego Cathedral ku eg qaabka iskutallaabta a Latin, kor ku xusan ay dhexda u taagan oo qubbad wayn. The entablement column, u saftay, iyo reliefs pudostskogo dahaarka dibadda ah la sameeyey oo dhagax ah. Tani waa nuuradda ah oo si caddaalad ah oo jilicsan, ayaa towns ah hurdi. Waxaa miino meel u dhow Petersburg.

Sidaana iyo kooxaha sculptural qurxin magaalada oo dhan ee Saint Petersburg. Kazan Cathedral ee dareenka tani ma aha marka laga reebo ah. Halkan farshaxan oo lagu xoojiyay design dibadda. On dusha sare portals (wadada dhinac) ku yaalaan Bas-reliefs. Oo dhanka galbeedna - shuqulka IP Prokofiev, oo xagga bari ka - I. sheyga P. Martosa. meesha allabariga kor ku xusan waa caanka Bas-gargaarka D. Rachette.

galo North waxa lagu qurxiyey albaabada taariikhi in ay yihiin nuqul ah saxda ah ee "Gates Jannada" ee Baptistery ah. Waxay ka samaysan yihiin sculptor naxaas Talyaani Lorenzo Ghiberti.

Labada dhinac ee ay albaabbadu, in niches gaar ah waa naxaas xisaabin Andreya Pervozvannogo iyo Ioanna Krestitelya, Vladimir Equal Rasuullada, iyo Aleksandra Nevskogo.

Bas "Sujuud of maydku", "Annunciation The", "Sujuud The adhijirrada", "Flight The Masar galay" ku yaalaan Balbaladii waqooyi.

decoration arimaha gudaha

Kazan Cathedral (Saint Petersburg) waa hodan iyo shir quduus gudaha. Waxaa dareemay qiyaasta Ruush iyo xoog. iconostasis ugu horeysay ee gaar ah waxaa la abuuray by barbaro A.Voronihina.

Waxbaa ka dib (1836) waxaa la dhigay hadiyad raaxo magaaladii. St. Petersburg, Kazan Cathedral helay cusub a, incuse iconostasis lacag la sameeyey by naqshadeeyaha ugu ka Tone. Waxa uu qabsaday by Cossacks Don ee 1812 by Faransiis ah.

Inta badan walxood oo ku qoray fanaaniinta ugu wanaagsan ee qarnigii hore XIX - o Kiprensky, VL Borovikovsky, F. A. Bruni, VK Shebuev GI Ugriumov, Bryullov kuwo kale oo badan.

Qiimaha macbudka

In 1811, uu gooni uga dhigay by Cathedral Kazan ah. St. Petersburg xannaaneeyaa, xusuusta reer ciidamada Ruush geesi ah, kuwaas oo xaq ka macbudka, lagu qabtay adeega salaadda ah, ayaa loo diray dagaalkii labaad ee dunida.

From cathedral u soo baxeen inay amrayo ciidamada dalka Ruushka M. I. Kutuzov, laakiin halkan jidhkiisa waxaa lagu aasay sharaf ee 1813, ee crypt hoosteeda ku dedan oo ah Cathedral Kazan ah. Afar iyo labaatan sano on square hor cathedral ahaa taallo in Taliyaha weyn.

The Kazan Cathedral kaydiyaa koobab badan oo dagaalkii labaad ee dunida, calammo, adkaaday ciidamada, qabsadeen xukunka magaalooyinka iyo Guryahoodu.

xilligii Soviet

Jiilkii hadda ay adag tahay in la qiyaaso in 1929 la xiray by Cathedral Kazan ah. St. Petersburg (markaas Leningrad) bilowday halgan firfircoon ka dhanka ah "daroogada diinta." Oo saddex sannadood goobta taariikhiga ah ka dib markii yaala Museum ee taariikhda mulxidnimo. walxood oo qiimo cathedral ayaa qayb ahaan wareejiyo museum Ruush.

The Asheeraah macbudka ugu muhiimsan iyo Socrates - icon ah oo ka mid ah Hooyo Ilaah - waxaa loo wareejiyay cathedral ee, kaas oo uu ku yaalaa dhinaca Petrograd ah. Gudaha dhab soo baxay in la boobay, waxaa lagu si xun u dhaawacay inta lagu guda jiro dayactirka kala duwan.

maanta Cathedral

Dhammaadkii qarnigii la soo dhaafay, Cathedral Kazan ee St. Petersburg si Sheeko soo noqdeen, oo waxaa la macbudka ku soo laabtay xaaladda lumay. Bilowga ee qarnigii XXI ah, meesha quduuska ah iyo parishioners oo dhan salaamay icon mucjisada ah ee hooyada u ah Ilaah, kuwaas oo uu ku soo laabtay ay meel loo eeliyaa.