Consort Diene: Qaabkadhismeedka, isomerism iyo isku waydaarsanayeen

Consort Diene (diolefins alkadienes dienes) - Consort cokan, in qaab dhismeedka meesha waxaa jira laba bonds double. Tixgelinaysa alkadienes dhismeedka kiimikada kala qaybsan yihiin saddex nooc: Waxaan ku qor - a bonds diolefins isbiirsaday (SN2SSN2); Nooca II - alkadienes la conjugation (conjugated) xirka; bonds double in qaab-dhismeedka Diene waxaa lagu kala hal dhigaalka (N2SSNSNSN2); Nooca III - dienes la xiriir dahaaran (N2SSN2SN2SNSN2).

Consort Diene, sifooyinka guud

Oo ka mid ah saddex nooc oo dienes xiiso badan nooca warshadaha kiimikada II waa alkadienes. Isticmaalka electron ogaaday in silsiladihii double in Britain butadiene dhexeeya C1 iyo C4 waa ka sii dheer tahay Britain ethylene.

Consort Diene: isomerism

Waayo, kuwaas oo xeryahooda organic lagu gartaa laba nooc oo isomerism - ollogga (stereoisomerism) iyo dhismaha. Nooca ugu horeeya - dhismaha silsilad hydrocarbon isomerism oo laga yaabo si toos ah ama jahaysteen. Nooca labaad ee isomerism waxaa sabab u ah deegaamaynta aan ollogga ah ee atamka iyo kooxaha qaaradda agagaarka bonds double. Sayidka sameeyay horseedeysaa isfaham iyo CIS-isomers dienes. Tusaale ahaan, waayo S5N8 a Diene formula kelli waxaa jira saddex isomers dhismaha:

SN2SNSN2SNSN2; CH2C (CH3) SNSN2; SN3SNSNSN2.

Consort Diene: Magac-

Waayo, magacyada Diene isticmaalaan laba nomenclatures - taariikhiga ah (tusaale ahaan, ku faaliyo Allen) iyo IUPAC (Ururka Caalamiga ah ee aragti ahaan iyo Applied Chemistry). Sida ay isku waydaarsanayeen IUPAC ah, marka hore u yeedhay Diene dhiganta alkane, magaca oo "en" waxaa lagu bedelaa qadarin ah "Diene", ka dibna tirokoobyada ayaa tilmaamaya meeshii deegaamaynta silsilado double Silsilad hydrocarbon ah. silsilad hydrocarbon tiradoodii waxaa lagu fuliyaa si lambarada leedahay qiimaha ugu hooseeya. dienes oo ah caanaha la siiyo kor waydaarsanayeen IUPAC loo gudbin doonaa sida soo socota: 1,4-pentadiene; 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene; 1,3-pentadiene.

Waxaa jira tiro ka mid ah warshadaha iyo hababka shaybaarka Avv Diene. Oo ah kuwa ugu muhiimsan yihiin depolymerization ee caag dabiiciga ah (muxaadaro engegan), habka fuuq ku fikraan of alkanes, habka fuuq alcohols monohydric cokan.

Butadiene - wax qiimo leh sida xawliga ah u soo saara masaxado dardaro (nitrile, butadiene, styrene), iyo sidoo kale perchlorovinyl. Isoprene - walax la caraf sifo. isoprene First soo saaray ka caag dabiiciga by muxaadaro qalalan. Isoprene ayaa sidoo kale diyaarisay by fuuq of isopentane. Loo isticmaalaa in lagu soo saaro caag synthetic, daawooyinka iyo walxaha leedahay beduliyum.

Masaxado - qalab aad u xoog badan oo laastikada oo asal ahaan organic kuwaas oo la soo saaray imanaysa alaabta dabiiciga ah cayriin (cinjir dabiici ah) iyo hababka dardaro (dardaro). The salaysan caag yihiin conjugation Britain Diene la bonds double. Taayirada The ahaan inta lagu jiro processing ee wax kululaynta iyo baaruudda (vulcanization). Masaxado - wax aad u muhiim ah sida xawliga ah u wax soo saarka ee taayirada iyo tuubooyinka, strips qalabada, mittens caag, kabaha iyo waxyaalaha kale ee loo isticmaalo warshadaha, qoyska, qoyska daawada, caafimaad iyo xoolaha.

Consort Ethylenic in ay qaab-dhismeedka leeyihiin hal bond double. Mararka qaarkood xeryahooda waxyaalahan waxaa loo gudbinayaa olefins maxaa yeelay alkenes hoose gaseous ficil la chlorine ama bromine si ay u sameeyaan xarunta ah saliid leh, kuwaas oo ah beelaya in biyaha.

Consort Acetylenic (alkynes) - xeryahooda, kuwaas oo ka kooban hal bond xaafuun. Qiimaha ugu sareeya ee dhammaan alkynes waa alxamaad kaas oo la helay fal carbide calcium biyo. gaaska waxaa loo isticmaalaa at alxanka autogenous iyo biraha jarida. Alxamaad - wax qiimo leh sida xawliga ah u wax soo saarka ee ethylene, ethanol, acetaldehyde, alxamaad vinylalkohol, copolymer acid, benzene, trichloroethane, acrylonitrile.