Laxamiistaha Jarmal Richard Strauss: A Biography, hal-abuurka

Richard Strauss - laxamiistaha ugu, kuwaas oo operas iyo gabay muusikada jebiyey dajinta dareen. Expressionism (muuqa) shuqulladiisa waa dareen ba'an bulshada waqtiga.

Richard Strauss. Biography of laxamiistaha ugu

Richard hooyo mar dambe ma jirto. In 1864, Munich ahaa madax-bannaan oo magaalada ka mid ah boqortooyada Bavaria a, ka dibna ku biiray dalalkii Jarmal. June 11 at muusikiiste maxkamadda qoyska Franz Strauss ina. Aabbihiis u adeegay oo opera geeska Faransiis (qalab dabaysha, qeexin eg biibiile helical). Wuxuu ahaa macallinka koowaad ee muusikada ee Richard. Fasallada waxaa ka samatabbixiyey labada farxad dhab ah, taas ayaa keentay in xaqiiqda ah in wiilka sida ugu 6 sano jir addoonsada muyuusigu iyo qalab. Intaa waxaa dheer, is-kooban opera ugu horeysay oo joogsaday qoraal ilaa dhimashadiisii.

Wiil Science aabihiis u muuqday mid aad u muxaafid ah, uu raadinayo hadal ka duwan in music. Sannadkii 1874tii, Richard Strauss ugu horeysay la kulmay shuqullada Wagner, uu style weligiis guulaysanaya iyo niyadda ah opera ah. Laakiin Aabbahay si daacad ah ayaa aaminsan in shuqulladan muusikada ee fasalka hoose iyo xataa reebi wiilkiisii iyaga maqli waayo. Kaliya gaarey qaangaarnimada, Richard bilaabmaa daraasad qoto dheer oo ciyaarta "Tristan iyo Isolde". Dhanka kale, wuxuu dhigto duubteen Maxkamadda Orchestra iyo aqbalaa casharada of orchestration iyo aragti.

style laxamiistaha

Music Strauss - raadinta ah uu style caan ah in laga soo amaahday Richard dhowr sano. In 1882 wuxuu galay Institute of Philosophy iyo History ee Munich, laakiin ka baxo ka dib markii uu tababarka sano ah. Laakiin waxay ahayd waxaa la Max Schillings kulmay. Laba nin oo dhallinyaro ah saaxiibo sida dhow in Strauss fududahay in dadka kale ku qanciyo in la sameeyo xirfadda jecel dhab ah. Sababo la this, Germany helo kaari ah cajiib iyo laxamiistaha of saarka masrixiyada, iyo sidoo kale macalinka iyo "Mona Lisa" Boodhkan opera.

Richard Strauss qudhiisa u soo diray inuu Berlin. Waxaa helo post ee kaari iyo sii waday in ay qori darey in style ka muxaafidka aabbihiis. Tusaale wanaagsan yahay uu "Horn Concerto №1». Ka dib 1883kii Strauss dhallinyarada la kulmay Aleksandrom Ritterom. qaraabo A fog ee Wagner dhaadhiciyo wiilka in uu music run ma noqon karo qof soo noq of in gabayo symphonic - tani waa hab saxda ah ee laxamiistaha ugu. Laga bilaabo halkan ku dul waxaa loo hubiyo in iftiinka iyo style dhalaalaya oo Strauss noqdo.

nolosha Personal

saameyn weyn ku masiirka iyo shaqada Richard Strauss uu guurka ku faraxsan yahay inuu Pauline de Ana Maria. Waxay ku kulmeen 1887 ee Munich. Paulina bilaabay iyada oo gabayaa opera Solo oo qaatay casharro ka laxamiistaha ugu. Horfadhiyaan isaga raacay in Weimar. Xaliyay sameeyay ciyaartoodii ugu horeysay ee 1890, ee 1894, door ka ciyaaray opera ee macallinkiisa "Guntram." arooska Young dhacay on 10 September magaalada Marquartstein.

qof qalaad naagtii dhallinyarada Richter stoically adkaystay, xaq uu dabeecadda qofka tayo leh. Sida laga soo xigtay statements qaar ka mid ah in ay u soo degin inuu maalmood our, ka dib markii dagaal kulul kula Pauline uu booqday by a Muse waxyoonay hawl gaar ah. Indeed, waxay ahayd intii uu guurka Richard Strauss qoray shuqulladiisa ugu fiican. Si ay naagtiisii uu u qoray a songs yar, ka dib markii taas fulinta caan oo gabayaa ahaa ayaa kor u kacay.

nolosha Happy Labada nin jacayl ku dhamaatay sababta oo ah khalad doqonimo. Maalin maalmaha ka mid xaaskeyga dhiibay warqad si ay ninkeeda, markii uu kormeeray Germany, by dumar ah oo aan la garanayn. Maalintii xigtay, Pauline gudbiyay furiin. Richard guriga soo laabtay, ayaa isku dayay in uu sharaxo atariishada dareen, in uu waxba ma samayn, laakiinse iyadu ma ay dhegaysan isaga. Ilaa iyo dhamaadka naftiisa laxamiistaha ugu lahaa dareenka jaceyl ee uu xaaskiisii hore, ma ahan oo keliya qoraal music, waayo, iyo cid kale ma la kulmaan.

abuurka Strauss

Laxamiistaha Richard Strauss isku dayay in aan la siin in si "duufaanada siyaasadeed" ee dalka, laakiin abuuraha run niyadda dadka ay u nuugo. Waxa uu ku noolaa muddo ka badan 80 sano oo helay saddex taliskii dawladda kala duwan. aqonsado ee laxamiistaha ugu - in qaab ciyaareed la yaab leh. Qor music, wuxuu mar walba iyo meel walba waayeen, iyagoo aan hal abuur "fadhiidka ah" ama dhibaatooyin. Shuqulkiisa ugu horeysay, "Guntram", ka abuuray 1893 - waa riwaayad muusig, classically dhisay imtixaanka koowaad ee daawadayaasha.

Dheeraad ah shaqeeyaan laxamiistaha ugu leedahay noocyo kala duwan oo ah sida a of noocyo in ay u muuqato on shaqo ee qorayaasha kala duwan. "Laga soo bilaabo Italy" (1886, Richard Strauss) - gabay symphonic, qoraal on dareenkaa safarka. At 21, laxamiistaha dhallinyarada booqday dalka jaceyl muddo bil ah oo si buuxda of caadifadaha xiiso leh oo iyaga ku gana Dambiga warqad music ah. siladda habdhaqanka maqlana in Symphony ah, laakiin laxamiistaha ugu bilaabaan in ay ka hadlaan oo magiciisa la xasuusto.

"Don Juan" (1889)

In 25 sano Straus gaaro xirfad bisil oo ku guuleystay dunida muusikada of this xoog badan, gabay oo firfircoon. Waxaa ay saamayn ku leedahay Talyaaniga iyo qorraxda, iyo hoos jacayl oo uu ardaygu de Ana. Gabayga Hurno nafta in Ludwig Tuyll, kaasoo uu kula bartay Munich. Ciyaar ayaa ka dhacay on 11 November, wuxuu ahaa hufan oo uu guul weyn.

"Don Giovanni" - sheeko Ruwaayad ku saabsan ku caashaqay orday. violins nadiifinta Subject, Raalli ahaanshaha danayn, horreeyey faraxgelinta sal-dhigida, sida rashka. Dawanno iyo hadal kataarad ku saabsan sixir ah ee jacaylka iyo Jacayl naagta. qoraalada Low Wharton iyo clarinet hadli shanqadh jilicsan dhawaaq khiyaano ah violins. Dawanno in ururka la biibiile naftii oo xiiso lahayn oo ka buuxsantay. dulucdii ee cayaarta - tremolo violins oo jecel mar halakeeyey oo keli ah.

"Macbeth" (1888-1890 GG.)

Ka dib markii ay "Don Juan" qoray Richard Strauss opera "Macbeth". Symphony Tani ma samayn ilowsiin weyn oo waxaa loo arkaa adag supersaturated. Aabaha laxamiistaha ugu siinayaa alaabta this qiimeyn af iyo codsiyada ka beddeli wax warqadihii uu. Sida laga soo xigtay isaga si, fikradda aanay sidaa u xumeyn, laakiin waxaa lagama maarmaan ah inay ku tuuraan oo dhan Xadgudba xarkaha. Waxay ka hortagtaa daawadayaasha in ay fahmaan isku dhaceen qoraaga oo maqal waxa uu lahaa in la yidhaahdo.

Weli, dad badan u arkaan in ay ku dhow in uu gobolka niyadda ee maskaxda. Milicsi ee Shakespeare, masiibo iyo print denbi - fikradaha Ieexdo ku adkaysato doonaa. shaqada waxay ku saabsan tahay careerism iyo bakhaylnimada dadka aan joojin xitaa ka hor inta dambiga.

"Dhimashada iyo isbeddelid" (1888-1889 GG.)

Tani opera by Richard Strauss - aragtida khiyaano oo ka mid ah sharciyada dunida iyo tabar yaraanta aadanaha. Waa qoran tahay ee Warega of isbedelka nidaamka dowladda iyo ka tarjumaysaa cabsida bulshada casriga ah in la beddelo iyo hubin mustaqbalka. Fikradda ah saboolnimada iyo dhimashada gabay by Richard soo bandhigay ay intellectuality.

Marka la barbar dhigo waxyaabaha kale ee qoraaga of this Symphony ciyaara ee ciidanka, darey tusaale iyo cadaadis. Laakiin sida shaqo gaar ah waa la opera aadka u xiiso badan. dhibic oo dhan la'aanta ah ee raaxada ruuxi ah si ay dhamaadka lama huraan oo aad looga cabsado, waayo, nin aan ka maqsuuday uu jiritaanka.

"Dheel dheel ah yuul" (1895)

"Tricks Fun Ilaa Eulenspiegel" Strauss u huray in saaxiibkiis Arthur Seidl. Waxay bartay jaamacadda isla Munich oo isku raacay in la abuuro of Wagner Love. Seidl hal mar waxaa loo tixgeliyaa khabiir ku ah shaqada iyo Biography ah laxamiistaha ugu, kuwaas oo nolosha oo dhan Keeban Richard. Ka dibna, Arthur shaqeeyay sida editor ah ee wargeyska Jarmal dhexe iyo C. Klatte qoray buug ku saabsan saaxiibkiis. "Dulmar The sifo" waa Biography hore iyo falanqaynta hawlaha muusikada by Richard Strauss.

Gabay sameeyay ciyaartoodii ugu horeysay ee Cologne, waxay u adeegi jireen Herzen Orchestra, ay qabatay F. Vyultern. Muddada ee alaabta waa kaliya 15 daqiiqo, laakiin dadka dhaleeceeya waxay yidhaahdaan waa sare ee tayo ee qoraaga. In uu dib u eegis ee M. Kennedy oo ku baaqay in ay "s kaftan ah." play wuxuu ka kooban yahay 27 dhacdooyin, kuwaas oo la dhigay baxay shaqada on sheekada oo ka mid ah adventures geesiga Eulenspiegel halyeeyga laga bilaabo dhalashada ilaa dhimashada.

"Sayidka Hadlay Zarathustra" (1896)

In abuurka Gabaygaan mar kale ka qayb-galay composers kale Artur Zaydl. By dabiiciga ah ee hawlaha uu, uu ka 1898 si ay u 1999 waxaa u shaqeeya Nietzsche Archive. Waxa uu ahaa kii siiyey Richard "Sayidka hadlin Zarathustra" buug by fekeraya caanka ah. Strauss hoos aragti ah ee akhriska a gabay symphonic weyn ku qoray. 9 xabbadood leeyihiin magacyada cutubyada buugga. qoraaga qudhiisu wuu samayn doonaa waxqabadka ugu horeysay ee Frankfurt.

Dhaleeceyn ku faraxsane hadda la finalka ee nasjonalromantiske Jarmal, taas oo nooc ka mid ah "lagu caajiso" waxaa la kaligiitalinimo waalan shaqeeya. Music waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa in dunida casriga ah iyo shineemada. Tusaale ahaan, barnaamij baado ee screen "Waa maxay? Halkee? Marka? "Oo filimka" Space Odyssey ". Si toos ah by S. Kubrick qaaday jajabkii ka Symphony ah "Sayidka Hadlay Zarathustra" (Strauss) si loogu gudbiyo ee koonkan unearthly.

"Salome" (1905)

Drama Richard ku qoran sheyga ee Oscar Wilde, kaas oo uu qoraagu ku qoray, waayo, lahid Bernar. Ciyaar ayaa lagu maamuusay by fadeexad noocan oo kale ah ee Berlin in this waa laga qaadi karaa sida guusha aan horay loo arag ee cayaarta. Erotica iyo dareenka, dareenka East, kuwa sinaysta Saloome la barbardhigo adigoo daahir ah ee Baabtiisaha - taasi darey tusaale u Waxyoon of laxamiistaha sida Richard Strauss. "Salome" la qoray sano iyo bar ah. In hawlgalka, qof waraaqo ah ninkii ka. Halkii bahal weyn oo guri oo si toos ah daboolay by jecel yahay xayawaanka, waxaa u muuqday gabar jilicsan duuban hamiday naxdin leh.

The opera Puritan Jarmal ayaa sababay dib u eegista isku qasan ka dhaleecayn. Xataa kuwii gabayaaga ahaa ayaa diiday in ay qabtaan xilka ee cayaarta, oo ugu yeeray kuwa sinaysta. Atariishada ugu horreeyey oo la siiyaa doorka Saloome, Richard si caro leh ku yiri: "waxaan ahay naag wanaagsan!". Weli, taasi waa gabayaa ahaa M. Wittich qaatay xorriyadda ugu horeysay hadlayay.

"Alpine" (1915)

gabay symphonic Last of laxamiistaha ugu Jarmal. Xataa waagii uu yaraa hore by Richard welwelsan tahay fikradda ah abuurista music in codadka sida inaad buur koreyso. Saddex jeer ayuu bilaabay shaqada, laakiin mar kasta oo warqadaha muusikada ah ayaa loo diray in ay dab ku shidin. Kaliya ee 1914, "Frau ohne Schatten" ka dib markii opera ah, qoraaga mar kale qaato horumarinta fikrad this.

Ciyaar ayaa ka dhacay on 18 February ee Berlin, ay qabatay qoraaga. "An Alpine Symphony" - mid ka mid ah waxyaabaha ugu caansan our time. music Barnaamijkan, jebiyey macnaha of 22 xabbadood. riwaayad ugu danbeysay ee xusuus ah Richard loo arkaa waa gabay this by State Bavarian ku Orchestra ee 1941.

laxamiistaha ugu song

naftiisa oo dhan qoraaga qoray gabayo badan oo soprano, kuwaas oo ku gabyeen naag jecel. Waxaa abuuray "Afar Songs hore" ee 1948. In concert, shaqadan waxaa lagaga gabyi in dhamaystirka. Richard Strauss, kuwaas oo heeso ayaa had iyo jeer lagu buuxiyey harraad ah ee nolosha iyo positive, in maqaalka la soo dhaafay uu ku qoray oo ku saabsan daal iyo eegaayo in dhimashada. Sugitaanka dhamaadka codadka fudud, amaan ah in aadanaha, ku noolaa nolol firfircoon.

"In iftiinka fiidkii" - song ugu horeeyay ee ku hadla ee nabadda ee maskaxda, ku qoran Aayado J. Eichendorff. Next yimid "Spring" iyo "ayuu dhintay." Final "September" - wax lays la yaab leh niyadda jiilaal iyo roob iftiinka. hawlahaas on gabayo by Hermann Hesse. All songs - darka gaar ah oo muusiko ah iyo qoraalka. The jawiga iyo style waa sidaas oo xoog leh in dhaleeceyn, garashada heeso badan huriye xataa 48ka, oo hadda iyaga ka aragtid sida qoraaga ugu adag uun.

Author iyo kaari

Waxa intaa dheer in kuwan operas symphonic, Richard qoray "Domestic Symphony" iyo "Don Quixote", "Life waa geesi" iyo Suite ah "Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme", iyo sidoo kale dhowr ah shaqooyin kale oo guul ah oo aan hebel. Waxa intaa dheer in shuqullada Strauss - kaari ee uu music iyo shuqullada composers kale. Uu waajihid - opera iyo Symphony qorayaasha da'doodu u dhaxayso 18-20.

Richard Strauss - romantic ugu danbeeyay ee waqtiga - ayaa lagu gartaa uu shaqada la kaftan iyo daacad:

"Waxaa laga yaabaa, Anigu ma ihi laxamiistaha fasalka-koowaad, laakiin waxaan - laxamiistaha fasalka-koowaad heerka labaad ah".