M. I. Platov Ataman: Biography, oo durriyadii ku Cossacks Ataman Platova Matveya Ivanovicha

Mid ka mid ah tirooyinka ugu xiisaha badan oo ka mid ah War of 1812 waa Matvei Platov - Ataman oo ka mid ah ciidamada Don Cossack. Waxa uu ahaa qof arrin cajiib ah oo xiiso leh. Waxa intaa dheer in dagaalkii labaad ee dunida, dagaalo kale oo badan oo ka qayb Ataman Platov. Biography The ninkan noqon doonaa mawduuca of our dood.

dhalinyarada

Future Ataman Matvey Ivanovich Platov ku dhashay August 1751 in Cherkassk, kuwaas oo wakhtigaas ahaa caasimadda ah ee Cossacks Don ah. Aabbihiis, Ivan, waxaa iska lahaa guryaha oo ka mid ah saraakiisha Cossack, iyo hooyadiis, Anna Illarionovna (1733 b.), Wuxuu ahaa saaxiibka aamin ah nolosha si ay ninkeeda.

Waxa intaa dheer in Matthew, qoyska saddex carruur ah oo dheeraad ah, oo dhan lab: Andrew, Stephen iyo Peter.

In nooca hawlaha dooran doonaa jidka mustaqbalka Ataman M. I. Platov, waxaa jiray shaki ku jirin. Dabcan, ina Cossack in ay noqon karto oo keliya Cossack ah.

At da'da shan iyo toban, Matthew biiray xafiiska Cossacks Don ah, halka isagoo ku darajo ah saajin. Saddex sano ka dib uu ka helay horyaalka soo socda - Kabtanka Cossack.

Platov mar hore noqday sidii ninkii masuul ka habboon tahay ganacsi.

Dagaalka

Future Ataman Matvei Platov ka qeyb qaatay dagaalka Ruush-Turkish ee 1768-1774. In 1771 wuxuu ka qayb qaatay weerarkii lagu qaaday line Perekop iyo Kinburn, kaas oo sidoo kale dhaliyay. Sannad ka dib uu mar hore ku Aaminto amarka guutada ah Cossacks Don ah. In 1774, Matvei u tageen inay Caucasus Front ah, halkaas oo uu ka qeyb galay xakamaynta of fallaago ee dhulka jooggiisu sarreeyo Kuban kuwaas oo ay taageerayaan Boqortooyadii Cismaaniyadda.

Ka dib markii la dhameeyo dagaalka Ruush-Turkish ee 1775 M. Platov ka qeyb qaatay xakamaynayaan caasinimo ee Pugachev. Tan iyo markaas ayuu si North Caucasus, ku soo laabtay halkaas oo in 1782-1784 sano ee la Jamhada Lezgins, Nogais iyo Chechens dagaal.

Kuwa soo socda dagaal Ruush-Turkish (1787-1791 sannad xisaabeedka). Guddiga ayaa sidoo kale ugu firfircoon. Iyada oo uu ka qayb ahaayeen foosha Guryahoodu sida Ochakov (1788), Ackerman (1789), Bender (1789), Ismaaciil (1790). In 1789, sidoo kale dagaalamay ciidamada dalka Ruushka ee dagaalka ku saabsan Causeni.

waaweyn oo uu garoonka ka mid ah legdinta shaqo la'an maaha. Tan iyo 1790 Platov - Ataman Chuguevsky iyo Ekaterinoslav Ciidankii, iyo in 1793 heshay darajo ee Major General.

In 1796, Matvei ka qeyb galay ololaha reer Faaris, taasoo, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa ugu dhaqsaha badan la joojiyay.

dulli

Ma aha oo keliya farxad ogaa M. I. Platov. Ataman looga shakiyay Emperor Paul ayaa eeydu ku isaga ka gees ah oo loo musaafuriyay Kostroma. Tani waxay dhacday 1797. markii qaar ka mid ah ka dib uu ku wareejiyay qalcadda, taas oo loogu tala galay xaalad xumeyd ka sii weyn dembi.

Opal Platov socday ilaa 1801, markii Bawlos wuxuu goostay inuu xabsiga ka sii daayo si Ataman ka qaybgalay olole Indian soo aaddan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, adventurousness qorshaha this, sidoo kale dhimashada Emperor ee uma ay oggolaan in ay fuliyaan qorshaha.

At madaxa Cossacks Don ah

Wiilka Paul Alexander I, oo ahaa Emperor Ruushka, patronized Matvei ka dib dhimashadii aabbihiis. Tan iyo 1801 Platov - Ataman of Cossacks Don ah. Taasi waxay keentay in laga joogo in uu noqday hoggaamiyaha oo dhan Cossacks Don ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, Matvei loo dalacsiiyay Sarreeye guud.

booska cusub bixiyo heer weyn ee mas'uuliyadda hore ee boqor iyo gobolka. Dabcan, Kanu waa warka culus ee mas'uuliyadda burburin karaa nin kasta, laakiin aan qofka ahayd inay bixiyaan. Ataman of Cossacks Don ayaa habayn qaabka taas oo ilaa iyo haatan ayaa arrin Fasaadi. Intaa waxaa dheer, in 1805 Platov aasaasay magaalada cusub oo Cossacks Don ah - Novocherkassk.

Dagaalka ka dhanka ah Napoleon

Cossack Ataman Platov, hogaaminayo ay taliyaha, ka qayb qaatay ee dagaalkii ka mid ah Isbahaysiga afaraad ka dhanka ah Napoleon. Dagaalka ayaa ka dhacay inta badan dalka reer boqortooyada Prussia.

Platov shakhsi amray ciidamada uu Battle of Eylau, ka dib markii taas oo caan ka adduunka. Uu Cossacks baqaayo dhaqmeen waayo dagaallada muddada ka badan ee cadowga inta badan xifadiisa ka. Waxayna ahaayeen kuwo qaab jabhadnimo ah ee dagaalka, samaynta weerar deg deg ah ku xanjaadka u cadowga iyo hayso dhaawac badan.

Ka dib markii u saxiixay heshiiska nabadda Tilsit u dhexeeya Russia iyo France ee 1807, Napoleon shakhsi ahaan ku aamaanay in Platov. Oo wuxuu isagii ku wareejiyay snuffbox qiimo leh. Sidoo kale Legion of Honor ahayd in la ixtiraamo in ay bixiyaan. Ataman diiday sharaftan, xiganaya xaqiiqda ah in aanay shaqayn karo sidii madax ajnabi ah.

Mid ka mid ah shirkadaha ugu muhiimsan ee muddada waa xuso dagaalka Ruush-Turkish ee 1806-1812, taas oo Platov Cossack go'idda si guul ah ku shaqeeya. Oo haddana wuxuu helay darajo cusub - General of fardooley.

World dagaal II

Laakiin sumadda weyn on Biography ee Platov tagay War Patriotic ee 1812 , iyadoo Napoleon ah.

Bilowga lacagta duulaankii Napoleonic toos ah ku amray oo dhan ciidamada Cossack, laakiin markaas xaaladda ku qasbay inuu keeni guuto ah. Sida in xilli hore ka dhanka ah Napoleon, falalka Platov Cossacks ah sababta oo ah suddenness keenay dhibaatooyin badan oo in cadowgu ku. Waxaa ciidamada Platov maareeyeen in ay gacanta kornayl Faransiiska, oo ay qabsadaan waraaqaha muhiimka ah ee General Sebastiani.

dagaal ugu horeysay ee guul ka dhanka ah ciidamada Napoleonic Platov qabtay June dhow tuulada of Mir, oo kala jejebiyey askartii of General Rozhnetskogo. Ka dib markii ay Battle of Saltykovka Cossacks si ay u daboosho gurasho ah ee General Bagration, ka dib markii dagaalka Smolensk, Platov wareegay taliska ahaa madaxa waardiyayaasha gadaal dhammaan ciidamada Ruush, kuwaas oo sii waday in ay gurto.

Laakiin ugu dhakhsaha badan xaaladda uu is beddelay. Bishii August, kadib markii uu codsi ka mid ah boqor-Chief Barclay de Tolley, Platov laga saaray ciidanka. Sida laga soo xigtay dukumentiyada rasmiga, for "xumo". Laakiin, sida laga soo xigtay ilo awood, sababta ugu weyn ee casaan Platov adeegay sidii dadaalka Uurkiisu khamriga.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Platov ugu dhakhsaha badan ku soo laabtay iyo qaybqaatay dagaalka Borodino, iyo sidoo kale in ay golaha at Fili. Oo shirka in, uu ka soo horjeedo dib u gurasho ka Moscow.

Markii ciidanka Napoleon ee waxay bilaabeen inay ka baxaan Russia, kuwaas oo Platov keentay iyada raacdada. Sida maamulka ayaa aaminsan in unugyada ay gacanta ku ridi kari lahaa khasaaraha ugu badan in cadowgu ku.

Ololaha Dibadda iyo image of Cossacks ee dhaqanka Yurub

Ciidamada Platov ee, by waqtiga mudnaan heshay horyaalka ee count, ka mid ah kii ugu horeeyay ee ay u gudbeen soohdinta reer Empire Ruush ee Neman oo bilaabay inay ku baaqaan in ciidanka Napoleon ee horeba waa ka baxsan dalka. Markaasay waxay bilaabeen hareeraynta of Danzig, oo degganaa General MacDonald.

Ka dib markii Ataman M. Platov inta badan ku yaala xarunta dhexe ee Emperor ah, laakiin ciidamada Cossack sii waday in ay ku shaqeeyaan sidii wax ku ool ah ku raad cadowga. Mararka qaarkood Matvei ayaa loo xil saaray in ay ku amri unugyada shaqsi. Gaar ahaan, wuxuu qabtay oo kaxeeyey kala qaybsameen dagaalka ku of Leipzig, loogu magac daray Battle of quruumaha.

unugyada Cossack maray oo dhan of Europe, galay France, halkaas oo Napoleon u saxiixay dhiibay. Cossacks Platov muuqashadii, iyo sidoo kale heerka hoose ee anshaxa ka badan unugyada ciidanka joogto ah, ka argagaxay ma aha oo kaliya on ciidamada cadowga, laakiin sidoo kale si caadi ah Yurub. Ka dib markii image xilli of Cossack Ruushka noqday khada dhaqan Yurub.

dhimashada ataman

Matvey Platov ku dhintay January 1818, tuulada ugu Taganrog, on dalka hooyo ee Don ah, at da'da 66 sano. Sidaas waxa aanu u noqon mid ka mid ah tirooyinka ugu firfircoon ee taariikhda Cossacks Don ah.

Platov markii hore lagu aasay Novocherkassk, laakiin markaas soo raacay taxane ah oo dib-u-aaska. Ataman qabriga nijaasoobay Bolsheviks ah. Ugu dambayntii, 1993, hadhaagii ka Matveya Platova ayaa lagu aasay meel ka mid ah.

Qoyska iyo Faracoodii

Matvei Platov ahaa laba jeer guursaday. guurka ugu horeysay uu weheliso Nadezhda Stepanovna reer Efrayim, oo lagu tiriyaa Ataman maayso of Cossacks Don ah. In guurka ee 1777 ayay lahaa wiil, Ivan, kuwaas oo, si kastaba ha ahaatee, ku dhintay sida ugu horreysa ee 1806, muddo dheer ka hor dhimashadii aabbihiis. Muddo yar ka dib dhalashada wiilkeedii ee 1783, oo ay dhinteen Nadezhda Stepanovna.

dharka guurka labaad isku daraa Marfa Dmitrievna Martynova, kaas oo ay sidoo kale wuxuu ahaa guurka labaad. Waxay sidoo kale ka ah nooca Cossack Hetman yimid. Waxay lahaa laba wiil (Matthew iyo John) iyo afar gabdhood (Maarta, Anna, Maria, Alexandra).

Martha D. dhintay dabayaaqadii 1812. Ka dib markii in M. Platov noolaa guur madani ah la Elizabeth dhintay boqorkii British ah.

Faracoodii Ataman Platov ee dhex wiilashiisii Matthew iyo Ivan leeyihiin horyaalka ee tirinta.

Astaamaha ataman

Ataman Platov ahaa qof qurux badan oo xiiso leh, kaas oo siiyey wax badan oo ka mid ah adeega dadaal ah hooyo ee. Uu geesinimada shaki tusaale loogu talagalay carruurta. Sidoo kale, way adag tahay in ay qiimayn dheeraad dowrka Matvey Ivanovich in formation of joogto ahayn Don Cossacks ciidanka dagaalka runtii awood badan, argagax cadowga.

Dabcan, sida qof kasta oo aadanaha, yaabbaa halyeeyga lahaa cillado ay. Waxaa ka mid ah, tusaale ahaan, la tixgelin karo dadka balwada leh xad-dhaaf ah si ay khamriga. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tayadiisa wanaagsan inta badan ku reeyey cilladaha ah.

Sida aad arki karto, mid ka mid ah tirooyinka ugu caansan uu waqti u muuqataa Ataman Platov. Photo, nasiib darro, aan la heli karin, tan iyo bilowgii qarnigii XIX ah, farshaxanka sawir weli lama yaqaan in ay dunida. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jira dhowr xad ah ee Wehbe, ka buuxa farshaxan tayo leh in aan fursad u leeyihiin inay ka fikirin image hoggaamiyihii weyn.

Mid ka mid ah shaqada sida waa sawirka posthumous Platov by artist caanka English George Dawe waqtiga. Masawirka waxaa ku xusan yahay. Siidi by sifooyinka dibadda ee aadanaha imprinted waxa on, Ataman Platov ahaa qof xoog iyo xoog-ka yeeli. Thanks to shuqulladaada oo kale, waan arki kartaa waxa ay ahaayeen ugu weyn tirooyin taariikheed ee qarniyadii la soo dhaafay.