Madaxweynaha dalka Colombia (Juan Manuel Santos) - guusha ee 2016 Nobel Peace Prize

In 2016, Madaxweynaha Colombia ku guuleystay abaalmarinta adduunka oo dhan. Tani waxa ay ahayd sabab u ah shaqada uu joojiyo dagaalka sokeeye ee dalka, taas oo qaadatay in ka badan konton sannadood. Nobel Peace Prize lagu dhawaaqay xilliga dayrta.

macluumaad guud oo ku saabsan dalka

dalka wuxuu ku yaalaa South America, in qayb ka mid ah waqooyi-galbeed ee. Waxaa la og yahay in aadanuhu ugu horeysay ku noolaa dalka ee BC qarnigii shan iyo tobnaad. Kuwaasu waxay ahaayeen qabiilooyinka reer ugaadhsade ururiya.

Bilowga our Zaman Indians ku noolaa halkan. Laga soo bilaabo qarnigii lix bilaabay gumaysigii qaarada by Spain. muddada gumeysiga socday ilaa 1818, markii Simon Boliver naadiyey madaxbannaanida Colombia Weyn.

Dowladda waxaa la sameeyay hoos magaca cusub ee kooxda Granada. Waxaa jiray ilaa 1886, halka madaxweynaha dalka Colombia Rafael Moledo aan saxiixay dastuurka. dukumintiga go'an maamulka dhexe iyo dalka waxaa magacooda loo baxshay Jamhuuriyadda Colombia.

State casri ah

Maanta dalka la odhan jiray Republic of Colombia. Waxaa inta badan loo yaqaan "Gateway in South America" sababta oo ah xeebta laga maydho by Badweynta Pacific iyo Badda Caribbean. magaalada Caasimadda ah ee Bogota. Waxay hoy u tahay in ka badan kow iyo toban milyan oo qof, oo ay ku jiraan Madaxweynaha Colombia.

Tan iyo 1964 dalka waxaa jira dagaal sokeeye. Waxaa jiray kooxo badan oo military in dagaal la masuuliyiinta rasmiga ah ee fikradahooda. Maanta, qayb ka mid ah ciidamada qalabka sida ayaa guntiga u, laakiin waxaa jira kuwa ka dhexeeya dagaal.

Nidaamka siyaasadeed

Head of State, iyo sidoo kale dawladda, waa Madaxweynaha Colombia. Waxa uu loo doortay muddo afar sano ah, cusbooneysiin karo muddo labaad.

Dowladda ayaa ka kooban yahay baarlamaanka aqal (Congress):

• Senate - waxay ka kooban tahay 102 senators, loo doortay muddo afar sano ah.
• Golaha Wakiilada - waxaa ka mid ah 166-xigeen, dadka ayaa doorta iyaga muddo afar sano ah.

Madaxweynaha Jamhuuriyadda

Inta lagu guda jiro jiritaankeeda gobolka ay gacanta ku hannaanka ka mid ah madaxda. Madaxweynayaashii Colombia (liiska ka kooban yahay in ka badan konton wakiilada) waxaa inta badan garoomada by dhowr ah marka la eego, laakiin ma aha oo isku xigta, laakiin muddo ka dib.

List of Madaxweynayaasha oo madax ka ah gobolka taagan in ka badan hal mar:

• Rafael La Masia youth.
• Miguel Antonio.
• Rafael Reyes Prieto.
• Alfonso López Pumarejo.
• Gustavo Rojas Pinilla.
• Alberto Camargo.
• Guillermo Leon Valencia.
• Misael Pastrana Borrero.
• Alfonso López Michelsen.
• Julio Cesar Ayala.
• Ernesto Samper.
• Juan Manuel Santos.

Kuwaas oo ahaa madaxweynihii ugu horeeyay ee Colombia? Laga bilaabo bilowga dhawaaqidda Jamhuuriyadda, madaxweynaha qabtay Rafael La Masia youth ah. Tani waa siyaasi muxaafid, wariye, qareen iyo qoraa. Waxa uu la og yahay in ay qoraaga ereyada ah in heesta qaranka ee Colombia.

Nunez waxa uu ku dhashay sanadkii 25.09.1825 ee Colombia. Isna wuxuu u adeegay sida xaakin degmo ee Panama ah, in 1848, uu asaasay wargeyska u gaar ah oo ku lug leh hawlaha siyaasadeed. Waxa uu qabtay jagooyin kala geddisan oo posts, wuxuu ahaa wasiirka maaliyadda, diblomaasi, qunsulka in Liverpool.

Nunez ka qaybgalay dagaalka doorashada ee 1878, laakiin ma uusan ku guuleysan. wuxuu qaaday madaxtooyada ee 1880. Waxa ay ahayd intii uu kafeega ahaa waxyaabaha la dhoofiyo ugu muhiimsan ee dalka, bedelida tubaakada, taas ayaa laga badiyay ay caan Yurub ay sabab u tahay tayo liita.

Waayo, mar labaad Rodrigo Moledo noqday madaxweynaha ee 1884. Waxa uu ahaa kii ku qoray qaar ka mid ah articles in la xiriira dib u habaynta dastuurka. Ka dib markii uu dib loo doortay laba jeer ka badan, in 1887 iyo 1892. Nunez dhintay sannadkii 09.18.1894.

Maanta Madaxweynaha Gobolka

Juan Manuel Santos waxa uu ku dhashay sanadkii 10.08.1951 ee Bogota. Qoyskiisa ku lug leh siyaasadda ka badan hal Qarni. Haddaba sidaas daraaddeed ayaan awoowe walaalkiis ahaa madaxa Colombia ee qeybtii hore ee qarnigii labaatanaad. Wuxuu Edward Santos, waxa uu aasaasay oo noqday tifaftiraha wargeyska caanka ah. Cousin noqday madaxweyne ku-xigeenka hoos Uribe.

Juan Manuel Santos bartay at the University of Kansas iyo 1973 noqday Bachelor of Economics. Laba sano ka dib uu la gudoonsiiyey shahaadada Masterka ee School London ee dhaqaalaha. In 1981 wuxuu ka diyaariyay shahaadada Masterka ee Kennedy School, Dawladda kuwaas oo u shaqeeyay Jaamacadda Harvard qalin.

Intii uu noolaa, Santos ayaa la guursaday laba jeer. Saaxiibkiisii kowaad wuxuu ahaa agaasimaha iyo idaaciga ee television Sylvia Amaya Londoño. Waxay wada noolaa 1987 ilaa 1989. Doorashada labaadna wuxuu ahaa naqshadeeye warshadaha Maria Rodriguez Muner. In guurka waxay lahaayeen laba wiil (Martin iyo Esteban) iyo gabadhiisa Maria Antonia.

khibradiisa siyaasadeed:

• Wasiirka Arrimaha Dibedda, Ganacsiga,
• Wasiirka Maaliyadda;
• Wasiirka Difaaca.

Tan iyo 2010, Santos bilaabay inuu dagaalka madaxweynenimada, inuu noqdo musharaxa madaxweynaha. In wareega ugu horeysay ee uu soo horjeeda ugu weyn ahaa Antanas Mockus. Si aad ku guuleysan, Santos ma lahayn afar boqolkiiba codadkii - wuxuu helay 46,5%. In wareega labaad, 69,06% cod u codeeyeen madaxweynaha xiligan.

In 2014 wuxuu dib loo doortay muddo labaad. Isagu wuxuu istaagi doonaa madaxa gobolka ilaa iyo 2018.

In 2016, madaxweynaha ahaa awoodaan in ay joojiyaan dagaalka sokeeye, kaas oo ka socday 1991. Waxa uu saxiixay heshiis nabadeed la leeyihiin kooxda ugu weyn ee dhuumaalaysiga ah. Laakiin qaar badan aaminsan yihiin dunida waa mid aad u gariir. Intee in leeg ayuu socon doonaa, qofna ma oga.

Madaxweynaha ayaa waxaa lagu abaal ilaa xad ka weyn ka hor. Qaar badan waxay aaminsan yihiin in uu sameyn doonaa wax walba oo suuragal in ay ilaaliyaan nabadda ee dalka.