Pneumothorax: Calaamadaha, Sababaha iyo Daaweynta

xaalad cudur kaas oo saabka pleural (space dillaac-qaabeeya ee u dhexeeya parietal iyo pleura visceral wareegsan sambabada kasta) ururayaa isku hawada ama gaaska kale waxaa loo yaqaan pneumothorax. Calaamadaha, sababaha iyo daaweynta xaaladda this, ka fiirso in maqaalka.

Guudmarka

Waayo, saabka pleural ee gobolka caadiga ah lagu gartaa cadaadis xun, tani waxay bixisaa ah hab neefsashada oo ku filan. Haddii go'yaal waxyeelo pleura (tus, oo sabab u ah gobolka farqiga sambabada ama sambabbada) iyo qasaariyeen in cadaadiska hawada saabka pleural waxaa barbareeyay in Hawada ama waxa ka badan. Hawada oo uu daalaeday galay saabka pleural keenaysaa in riixo ee sambabada, waxaa dhirfinaya spadenie oo ka fal ah ee neefsashada. Iyadoo mugga weyn ee hawada iftiin dhawrsan waxa ay sidoo kale ku xiran yahay cadaadis xoog leh, marka lagu daro this, waxaa jira wareeg ah xubnaha mediastinal (oo weelashana badan oo wadnaha). Waxaas oo dhan aad bay u dhibin wareegga dhiigga iyo Neefta.

calaamadaha cudurka: Pneumothorax

Cudurku wuxuu la muujiyey by sifooyinka soo socda:

• Si lama filaan ah ku dhaco xanuunka xabadka - ba'an, sii kordhaya inta lagu guda jiro waxyi. dareenka xanuun badan ku faafi karaa in uu kooxda saameysey.

• Si lama filaan ah soo koraya dyspnea - neefta oo ku qabata, neefsashada gacmeed degdeg ah.

• qufac qalalan.

• Nooleeya heerka garaaca wadnahaaga ee.

• muuqaalka kore ee maqaarka dhididka qabow.

• tabar guud.

• Dareen cabsi.

• Dhiigrooraan ee maqaarka (haddii wareegga si daciif ah iyo Neefta dhawaaqaa).

noocyada cudurka

• pneumothorax Open. Calaamadaha xaalad this yihiin: daalaeday galay saabka pleural oo hawada maraya bronkie waxyeello weyn ama dhaawac ah ee xabadka wuxuu la xidhiidhaa deegaanka lagu jiro hawada la neefsado galo saabka pleural iyo aado waqtiga uu dhacayo dib. Cadaadiska in saabka pleural la daarmayaay'e ah, taas oo dhirfinaya atelectasis iyo off uu Neefta marka la barbar dhigo.

• pneumothorax xiran yeesho in wax lays hawada galay saabka pleural sababtoo ah iin ah pleura ah. Inta u dhaxaysa saabka pleural iyo deegaanka ay jirto fariin jirin, oo hawada ku xayiran in mugga uma siyaadiyo. pneumothorax xiran yahay ugu fudud for dhibic caafimaad ee view. hawada ee qadar yar oo naftooda ku milmi karaan. Haddii ay jirto ahaa pneumothorax xidhan, calaamadaha kiiskan, soo socda: xanuun dhinaca waxyeelo of xabadka, caddaan maqaarka, neefta oo ku qabata.

• Danab (tubada) pneumothorax. Noocan ah cudurada ugu adkaa. Calaamadaha pneumothorax waalka - formation ah ee nabarka iyo dhaawaca in qiimaha hawomareenno badan oo celcelis ahaan qaab-dhismeedka waalka kuu oggolaanaysa in hawada galay saabka pleural inta lagu guda jiro waxyi oo ka hortagtaa ay ka bixitaanka deegaanka ka baxsan. mugga hawada ee saabka pleural halka sii kordhaya. Tani dhirfinaya ah barakac iyo riixo ee xubnaha mediastinal xanuunada khatarta ah ee wareegga dhiigga iyo Neefta.

Pneumothorax: Sababaha cudurka

Iyada oo ku xidhan sababaha cudurka ayaa loo aqoonsaday tiro ka mid ah noocyada.

pneumothorax lama filaan ah

Calaamadaha cudurada uu keeno sambabbada qayb dillaac ama sambabada oo aan la xiriira dhaawac ah si farsamaysan ee thorax ama sambabada. pneumothorax lama filaan ah waxay noqon kartaa:

1. Primary (idiopathic) timi sabab la'aan. Ma dheeraad ah u nugul xaalad ah ragga dhallinyarada ah 20-40 sano ee koritaanka sare oo caynkan ahu. cudurada inta badan yeesho oo sabab u ah:

• hiddo sababa deficiency of the enzyme Alfa-1-antitrypsin, oo ka cadhaysiinina isbedel bahal ah ee sambabada ah,

• tabar lagu dhasho ee pleura ah, taasoo si fudud u qarxi kara qosol, qufac xoog leh, jimicsi aad u daran, neefsashada dheer,

• cadaadis kala duwan keentay immersion qoto dheer u galaan biyaha, dayuurada quusin diyaarad.

2. Sare (astaamaha), marka asalka cudurka sambabka oo hore u jiray uu yeesho pneumothorax lama filaan ah. Astaamaha dhacaan sababta oo ah:

• cudurrada neef mareenka, tusaale ahaan, waxaa laga yaabaa in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (cudurka chronic bararka nidaamka neef-mareenka, oo sarkhaansan yihiin arrimo kala duwan deegaanka, kuwa ugu muhiimsan ee uu yeesho - waa sigaarka, oo iska xanaajin horumarinta neefta chronic), cystic fibrosis (cudur dhaxlay kaas oo lagu gartaa carqalad qanjidhada exocrine ah), sii daridda daran xiiqda,

• cudurrada faafa ee sambabada, tusaale ahaan, cudurka qaaxada (cudurada faafa sababa dee-), malax sambabada (ku xaddidan caabuq focal of unugyada sambabada, taas oo ah waxa lagu gartaa barafku of formation unugyada sambabada iyo saabka la content purulent buuxiyey), inflammations sambabada (pneumonia) HIV;

• cudurada sanbabada lagu gartaa lesions of unugyo fibrosing alveolitis, lymphangioleiomyomatosis, sarcoidosis, histiocytosis X,

• heley systemic ee nudaha connective qaba cudurka sambabka: scleroderma systemic, rheumatoid arthritis, dermatomyositis;

• burooyin (kansarka sanbabada).

traumatopnea

Sababaha this ifafaale - taasi waa khasaaraha of xabadka:

• trauma af beesho,

• cabaar boogta.

pneumothorax xadna

cudurada Tani waa natiijo ka mid ah hababka caafimaad qaarkood:

• pleural ama sambabada biopsy,

• dillacinin;

• Kateetarka subclavian qummanayn,

• hawo farsamo.

Baadhista xanuunada

Si loo ogaado a "pneumothorax" calaamadaha cudurka waa in si taxadir leh loo bartay by khabiir ku ah baaritaanka caafimaad. Cilad-ka mid ah hawlaha soo socda:

• Baaritaanka Bukaanka: auscultation (auscultation) sambabada baaritaan thorax ah.

• raajada xabadka, taasi oo ka kaas oo ay macquul tahay in lagu ogaado hawada degaanka pleural. Nidaamka waa habka aasaasiga ah cudur pneumothorax.

• Halabuurka gaaska dhiigga.

• raajito loogu xisaabiyaa, kaas oo kuu ogolaanaya in aad si aad u ogaato sababaha pneumothorax isxilqaamay sare. Habkani ogaanshaha waxa loo isticmaalaa marka X-rays ku kalsan yihiin wargelin ah.

• Electrocardiography, iyadoo la isticmaalayo, taas oo ay suurto gal tahay in la ogaado aan caadi ahayn ee wadnaha ee waalka (mashquul) pneumothorax ah.

• Consultation Thoracic dhakhtar qalliin.

xaaladaha degdegga ah

Waa in aad ogaato sida loo siiyo gargaarka degdegga ah xaalad this bahal ah, sida pneumothorax. Calaamadaha waxaa ka mid ah waa in ay signal a si ay tallaabo caafimaad oo degdeg ah. Bukaanku waa marka hore loo baahan yahay si loo hubiyo helitaanka lacag la'aan oxygen in ay dejiyaan oo markiiba wac dhakhtar.

pneumothorax dibada ku lug rogida of Duubista occlusive, oo sealingly xirtey qaybtii waxyeello derbiga xabadka. Faashad oo ma idlaan doono hawada, laga sameeyey of polyetylen ama bokisyada iyo daaha qarada waaweyn oo cudbi-faashad.

Marka pneumothorax waalka ay u baahan tahay qabashada degdeg ah dalool pleural, taas oo ka caawin doona in ay ku faafi sambabada, la baabi'iyo gaaska xor ah oo looga hortago barakaca oo ka mid ah xubnaha mediastinal.

Tallaabooyinka la dagaalanka cudurada ku

Haddii la pneumothorax cudurka, daaweynta ku lug leedahay howlaha soo socda:

• needling Pleural, at taas oo hawada soo nuugid ka saabka pleural ah.

• discontinuities Qalliinka bronki suturing, sambabada, dhaawacyo derbiga xabadka.

• Dheecaan ka saabka pleural la aasaaso tube dheecaan ah kaas oo ka kaxayntu ay hawada ka saabka pleural dhici doonaa.

• Haddii xanuunka loogu dhawaaqaa la heley sida pneumothorax, daaweynta waxaa ka mid ah isticmaalka suuxinta.

• Oksijiin (nidaamyada oxygen joogto ah by tuubooyinka gaar ah).

• Pleurodesis - isuga pleura nidaamka la isticmaalayo qaliinka ama duro saabka pleural daawada gaar ah (haddii lagu celceliyo marar badan pneumothorax).

Dhibaatooyinka iyo cawaaqibta

Pneumothorax - xaalad halis ah oo keeni kara:

• dhiig Intrapleural.

• Pleurisy - caabuq pleura ah, taas oo ah waxa lagu gartaa formation of adhesions, oo iska xanaajin rabshooyin fool iftiinka.

• emphysema Maqaarka - ifafaale ah oo hawada Badbaaday baruurta subcutaneous. Go'aaminta gobolka qeybo ka mid ah barar, barar unugyada subcutaneous, marka aad gujiso, waxaa sanqadhaya kala, si la mid ah lugtii barafka engegan.

• Air galaya nudaha mediastinal. Xaaladdan oo kale, waxaa jira riixo ee weelashii weyn oo wadnaha.

• Xaaladaha daran (la mugga ah nabar weyn, boogaha si weyn u cabaar of xabadka) aan meesha ka saaray in dhimashada.

ka hortagga

Si looga hortago pneumothorax, waa in u hoggaansamaan xeerarka qaarkood:

• Time in lagu daweeyo cudurada sanbabada.

• Jooji sigaar cabidda.

• Iska ilaali dhaawac feeraha.

• Haddii pneumothorax dhacdo arrin inta badan, waxaa lagu talinayaa si ay u fuliyaan hab pleurodesis (pleura tollayn).

gunaanad

In this article, waxaan ka wada hadalnay cudurka sida pneumothorax. Calaamadaha, sababaha iyo mabaadi'da daaweynta cudurada la baaray noo by. In pneumothorax kasta oo u baahan daaweyn degdeg ah ee bukaanka qaliinka. Iyada oo saadaal ku filan casriga ah therapy ee pneumothorax lama filaan ah sida caadiga ah waa wanaagsan. Guusha daaweynta pneumothorax argagaxa saameeyaa nooca dhaawac rahaamad ee xabadka. Is ogow naftaada oo aad caafimaad!