Ra-32 (helicopter). Astaamaha iyo sawiro

Masiirka ee helicopter ah ee USSR waa mid xiiso leh, sababtoo ah, in kasta oo ay bilow yar laalan wax soo saarka, guul, samaynta Soviet ka dhigay weyn. Laba xafiisyada design, mil iyo Kamov, muujiyeen in ay dunida suurtagalnimada of technology duulimaadyada Soviet. Tusaale ka mid ah guusha injineerada Soviet uma shaqayn karo sidii helicopter Ka-32, siyaabo badan ka hor waqtiga.

Kamov iyo style

On ku salaysan warshad diyaaradaha tijaabo ah, taas oo uu leeyahay waxba ku yidhi tirada uninitiated 290, abuuray 1948, KB, iyadoo sidoo kale malovyrazitelnoe loo yaqaan «№ 5". Ma jiraan wax la yaab leh in dhammaan indices waa lama sannadaha Stalin iyo shirkadaha yar oo muhiim ah loo kala saari karaa, ka dibna, sida ay u soo baxay wax badan ka dib, gyroplanes dhisay, ku dhawaad illoobay maalmahan diyaaradaha. Ciidamada huwanta oo inta lagu guda jiro dhawaan otgremevshego World've rotorcraft, helicopters loo isticmaalo, ma aha mid aad u ballaaran, laakiin ku filan si ay IV Stalin fahamsan yahay rajada ah nooc cusub oo ah qalabka duulaya. Aviation "aabbihiis quruumaha" jeclaaday, waxa uu ahaa hoos gacanta feejignaadaan. Lead Bureau ku baray NI Kamov ee 1940 kaasoo u suurtagashay in ay la qorsheeyo oo la dhiso A-7, autogyro ah.

Bilowgiiba, KB ayaa aasaasay ay style u gaar ah, kaas oo ah helicopters Kamov waxaa si fudud ayaa maanta la aqoonsan yahay. Ay feature ugu muhiimsan ee u qaadan karnaa design a coaxial kaas oo laba rotors waxaa wareejiyo oppositely wadajir ugu celino Xuddunta. rafaasad haya in kiiskan loo ma baahna.

badda naf

Ma helicopter kasta waa samayn karo hawlaha badda. Dabcan, waxaan aan la hadlayaan duulaya ay weheliyaan line xeebta leh hammigan on dabaq dhulka ah, iyo in mishiinka leedahay in xaaladaha markabka, wuxuu on madal furan (AFT) taagnaa oo waxay u adeegeen shuruudaha hadda oo sahamin iyo digniin Taliska Ciidamada Bada. xeerarka Technical kiiskan si dhab ah u adag, buufiyo biyo milix iyo gaadhista Hawada daran waxaa laga yaabaa in si xun u saameyn howlgalka nidaamyo, qaybaha iyo kiniisadaha. Soviet cilmiga military ee afartameeyaha goor dambe marka la eego hawlaha Oceanic suurto gal ka yar tahay horumarka, sidaas darteed xafiiska Kamov tan iyo markii la aasaasay, shaqeeyeen laba jiho. First, mishiinka halkan horumariyo waa in ay ku haboon isticmaalka on sidayaal diyaaradaha. Marka labaad, ayaa qastigoodii, sababta oo ah la hubin ee ujeedooyinka mustaqbalka, loo filayaa, in waa badan loo. Shuruudahaas waxaa ka waafaqsan Ka-8, Ka-15, Ka-25, Ka-26 iyo gaar ahaan Ka-32 - helicopter ah, iyo baxriyada, dabdamiska, oo kuwii ku dhisayna, xidhaba, iyo shaqaalaha ugu haboon nabad kale oo badan, oo ka shaqeeya xaaladaha ugu adag, oo ay ku jiraan in cimiladu qoyan, ka latitudes horjeeda in kulaale.

Sida of antisubmarine nabadda baabuur?

Sida ay inta badan u dhacdaa nala, gaariga markii hore abuuray sida dagaalka ah. Faa'iidada ee habkan been in xaqiiqda ah in shaqada ugu weyn ee horumarinta qaali ah ku qaadeen kharashka miisaaniyadda difaaca, oo isna wuxuu ku weynaa USSR. Waayo, beddelidda ee diyaaradaha dhamaystirtay, dabcan, waxaad u baahan tahay in ay wax ka bedesho mashruuca, laakiin kharashka ma aha sidaas u weyn sida in la abuuro mashiinka oo dhan. model aasaasiga ahaa markab ee anti-gujis Ka-27, R & D waxay bilaabeen in 1969, oo ay sabab u ahaa Ka-32 helicopter gabi ahaanba waa madani ah oo nabad ah. engine awood iyo nidaamka guul u ogalaan inay la qabsadaan si kala duwan ee baahiyaha degdegga ah ee dhaqaalaha qaranka. In la eego miday, isku halaynta iyo awoodaha farsamo ee facooda caalami ah, ayuu ma.

qalab

daydo dhaqanka u ah dual rotor Kamov nidaamka coaxial sidoo kale waa ku haboon ka-Ka 32. helicopter Waa wax fudud in loo maareeyo, matoorada marawaxadaha gaaska (laba ka mid ah) on 2200 hooras ka "dagaalka ee la soo dhaafay", sidoo kale nidaamka faseexad sii kordhaya ee garbaha, kaas oo u ogolaanaya inay isku laab si loo yareeyo dhoofnay ee case of duufaanka iyo yareeyaan xaddiga qabsadeen dhaxlay. Saddex albaabada siiyaan shaqaale amaahda deg deg ah kuraasta iyo hufnaan loading iyo dejinta. jiifku wuxuu ka kooban yahay afar taageero, taas oo lagu xidho karo dhululubada gaar ah qaadan biyaha haddii loo baahdo. Sex Ka-32 ayaa qalabka joogsan, waayo, amniga miisaanka xamuul ilaa afar tan oo gudaha qol xamuul ah. Guud ahaan, sida mashiinada badan Kamov Design Bureau, nidaamka kuu ogolaanayaa inaad si ay u isticmaalaan oo dhan meel bannaan oo waxtar leh ka dambeeya qol ilaa qaybta dabada iyo hoos warshad koronto ka.

Maxaa ku-Ka 32 kartaan?

Waayo, khubaro duulista yimid sida la yaab leh fursado ah in uu leeyahay yar Ka-32. Features cajiib ah, marka dhererka sooctey ka badan 12 mitir, waxaa haboon si fudud ku shuban miisaan ka badan 3.7 tan. Marka la isticmaalayo Doorashadan ganaax dibadda lagu kordhin karaa ilaa 5 tons. Mashiinka Tani waxay kicisaa ku dhawaad badan sida dhaqanka laftiisa la xawaare toosan ee 15 m / s. Waa in ay u socoto wax ka samatabbixin kara xamuul gudahood gacan ka mid ah 900 km. awoodda Rakaabka - 16 qof. Speed qof ekaan karaa mid yar, "kaliya wax" 230 ka saaciday inay iyo 260 km / badnaan h, laakiin ka dib oo dhan, u abuuray unit ma aha, waayo, tartanka, iyo xataa version asalka military antisubmarine of the-Ka 27 waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu ogaado quusta, taas oo u baahan deliberateness gaar ah . Laakiin ee 6000 mitir ee saqafka bixisaa ammaanka, xataa haddii ay dhacdo dhibaatooyinka cimilada halis ah.

versions

Mashiinka ahaa si guul leh oo uu soo codsatay in qaybaha badan ah ee dhaqaalaha dalka ee USSR iyo sidoo kale dibadda. Ka-32 hawlaha xallin karo kala duwan. Markii hore, helicopter ah bilaabay inuu wax dhiso laba qeybood oo asaasi ah, gaadiidka (Ka-32T) oo loogu talagalay isticmaalka weelasha of raxan kalluumaysiga iyo kala horjeeda ee (Ka-32S). beddelid gaadiidka ayaa si fudud loo beddeli karo a duulaya "ambulance" waayo, in qol la siiyaa fursad ay ku rakibi toban kursi ama afar bareelle la waayo, dhaawac, iyo hesho version a ambulance buuxa.

Ka-32S waxaa loogu talagalay soo ilaalayn baraf iyo caravan adeeg, oo uu hoggaaminayo qalada bi'iyo ee latitudes kala horjeeda, waxaa la dhajinta on qalab gaar ah sawir hawada iyo navigation.

Kale oo loo qorsheeyay "wiish duulaya" ku salaysan Ka-32 ah. Moe xiiso awoodda mishiinka si kor xarig culeys lugu koriyo on maadooyin kala duwan, iyo si aad u tartiib ah samayn. cable xarig culeys lugu koriyo, rakibay marinka gaar ah, waxay bixisaa aragti jecel wax walba in loo gacangeliyey dhinaca mishiinka, iyo xaqiiqda ah waxa ay noqon kartaa iyo dadka.

The Ka-32, dagaalka dab version

payload Ton laga yaabaa in dareeraha ah. Baahida loo qabo mashiinka a in bakhtiiyo dabka ee dalkeenna waa weyn, gaar ahaan ka fiirsaneysa inay arrimuhu sii kordhaysa xagga dhismaha multi-dabaq. Waxa intaa dheer in biyo cad ee taangiga gaar ah, dhegaysanayay halkii xamuulka ama qol rakaabka, waxaad gali kartaa dareere gaar ah oo ceebtoodu xumbaynayso loogu talagalay in lagu abuuro caqabadaha dab. Intaa waxaa dheer, mishiinka ayaa waxaa macquul ah inaad ka qaxdo dadka la haystaa oo ololaysa.

Ka-32 loo dhoofiyo

design guul mishiinka waxaa taageera guusha taasoo u jecel yahay in ay muujinayso hawada caalamiga ah, taas oo soo bandhigay iyo muujiyeen helicopter Ka-32. rotorcraft Photo la South Korean, Canada, marks la ogaado sensor Malaysia ama Swiss ma yaabin qof. Muuqaalka gaar ah qaabkani dugsiga dhismaha diyaaradaha Soviet oo Ruush ah ayaa dhaqan ahaan la isku halaynta, istareexsan hawlgalka iyo hufnaan tababar duuliye shisheeye.

iman kara Bedelida iyo casriyeynta ee gaariga waa heer sare ah, waxaa suurtagal ah si loo soo dajiyo ee hage ugu casrisan sida waxa uu noqonayaa mid la heli karo, bixinta Ka-32 nolol dheer oo samada.