Rinjiyeynta Gzhel: qaababka bilowga ah. Gzhel rinji nidaamyada weelka

Gzhel, magaalo yar oo gobolka Moscow ee - xarunta farshaxanka caanka Ruush ee kalluumaysiga. The wax-u Gzhel baadiyaha degan dhul baaxad weyn oo ka mid ah 27 tuulooyinka, halkaas oo dadka ayaa muddo dheer ku hawlan rinjiyaynta kala duwan ee wax soo saarka ee galaas cad iyo earthenware sameeyey. Taariikhda Gzhelian kalluumaysiga la ogan karo in qarnigii 14aad, laga bilaabo wakhtiga aad u marka, meel u dhow Moscow helay deposit dhoobo hodan. Qoraalkani wuxuu ku jiray bac isku dhafan: layers cas fudud "shirevki" oo ku yaalla lakabyada sare, layers hoose underlain "dhogorta" caddaan midab huruud ah, iyo in jiida "mylovka" ugu qotada dheer - dhoobo ah u tur cad, wax wanaagsan for soo saaridda of tayo sare leh galaas oo earthenware alaabta.

baahida cadarsameeyaha

markii qaar ka mid ah dhoobo cad oo lagu fali suxuunta iyo qalabka kale ee jikada. Markaasaa waxaa u timid boqorka amarkiisa cadarsameeyaha amro soo diro dhammaan qalabka miino in Moscow baahida caafimaad iyo dawooyinka. Production of cookware ayaa dib, laakiin muddo ka dib la furay deposit dheeraad ah oo dhoobo cad, oo sidaas wax ka ayaa ku filan iyo farmasiyada wax soo saarka pottery ahayd. Inta lagu jiro wax cayriin faro badan oo asalkiisu ka soo jeedo farsamada iyo farshaxanka loo yaqaan Gzhel.

warkiisii Adduunka

Gzhel rinji, qaababka kaas oo ay leeyihiin qaab gaar ah, wuxuu bilaabay inuu ku faafay Russia. The fanaaniinta markii ugu horeysay ayaa loo isticmaalaa rinjiga midabo kala duwan leh. Markaas rinjiyeynta Gzhel, naqshadaha, barbaro mawduucyada iyo style guud bedelay wax yar. nidaamka midab aasaasiga ah waxay ahayd rinjiga Cobalt buluug dhalaalaysa. Tan iyo markaas, Gzhel rinjiyeynta, taas oo dadka u bogi gooye adduunka oo dhan, ayaa noqday isku-dar ah classic of laba midabo - caddaan iyo buluug. waxyaabaha dhab ah hana u oggolaan in kasta oo midabo kale, laakiin xaaladaha qaarkood, artist ka isticmaali kartaa rinji dahab ah , waayo, qurxinta fudud.

ubax

The Gzhel rinjiyeynta caanka (naqshadaha, isku sharraxdid, mawduucyada ubaxa, iyo wax ka badan waxa sal u ah style u gaar ah farshaxanka) waxaa la sameeyey qarnigii 19aad. In guryaha hodanka Russia waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay qaab ciyaareed wanaagsan u soo cararnay si miiska cuntada ee maacuun galaas gzhel ah. First ka danbeeya this wadaninimo, iyo kibirka in dalkooda. Intaa waxaa dheer, taargooyinka buluug iyo caddaan iyo tureens ahaayeen qiimihiisu aad uga jaban galaas Meissen.

The images on sheyga ayaa sidoo kale si gaar ah oo ku saabsan mawduucyada Ruush. Ugaarsadaan eeyaha, cayaaray on socod damaashaad ee Easter iyo dhacdooyin badan oo kale qof si dhab ah Ruush taswiiran on dinnerware. Sayidka, Gzhel rinjiyeynta, taasoo nidaamyada ahaayeen mid ah in ruuxa Russia, waxa ay noqonayaan caan.

camalfalaysaan

Bilowga ee qarnigii 20-breeders Moscow ayaa isku dayay in ay ku riday saarka ee alaabta buluug iyo caddaan ku il, laakiin fikradda ku guuldareystay. Gzhel rinji naqshado galaasyada waa in ay daruuri tahay in la sameeyo gacanta by fannaaniinta khibrad leh kuwaas oo awooda in ay maal-naftooduna shaqo. codsiga sawir farsamo baabbi'iyaa nuxurka tahay, wax soo saarka uu noqdo mid ahayn.

Gzhel rinji, nidaamyada iyo naqshado, tirooyinka joomatari ama goobaha ka nolol tuulada - waxan oo dhan waa natiijada shaqo hal abuur leh fanaaniinta tayo shaqada ee shirkadaha ee Farshaxanka iyo farsamada gacanta Qoom "Gzhel baadiyaha." Calaamadda ugu horeysa ee xirfad artist ee rinjiyeynta waa joogitaanka halftones markii buluug cirro stroke beddelayaan dhalaalaya oo cad.

rinjiyeynta Gzhel: qaababka

Ubaxa, Tent ay jilicsan, jirida geedka, caleemaha on gooyn khafiif ... Tani waa theme Gzhel rinjiyeynta classic. Geedaha taswiiran qaab stylized, laakiin qaababka ay caan ku yihiin dib loo eego, currants aan lagu qaldin karaa baraf ah, iyo gooseberries ma la odhan karaa rosehips, inkasta oo oo dhan dhirta, ubaxa iyo nooca berry of color buluug dhalaalaysa isku.

theme Carruurta

Qayb weyn oo ka mid ah farsamada gacanta alaab Gzhel soocay carruurta. Waa fardo iyo maroodiyaal, iyo dameerro iyo qayl, ornamented la gaadhifardood tareenka, baabuur iyo diyaarado, kaas oo la joogo rinjiyeynta Gzhel. Qaababka loogu talagalay carruurta sida wanaagsan sida dadka waaweyn, laakiin wax badan ka badan ka masuul hab shuqulkii artist ah. Ilmuhu kiis kasta waa in aan ceeboobin. Sidaa darteed, farshaxan, laga bilaabo si ay alaabta lagu rinjiyeynta iyo alaabta carruurta kale kala duwan, isku day inaad si ay u qabtaan shaqada fiican ee ugu macquulsan.

weydaarsi

Ururada warshadaha Gzhel farshaxanka dad iyo farsamada shaqeeyo qaybta tababarka, kuwaas oo doonaya in ay ka adkaadaan farshaxanka rinjiyeynta. fanaaniinta Future waa koorsooyin gaar ah sawir iyo farsamooyinka lagu abuurayo galaas caanka ah buluug iyo caddaan, hanashada noocan oo kale ah tahay dad, sida rinjiyaynta Gzhel. Qaababka bilowga fududeeyey, weli nidaamka waxbarashada waxay ka kooban tahay dhowr marxaladood.

casharada First ka mid ah hannaanka waxbarashada, iyo ka badan si gaar ah, codsiga oo ka mid ah contours mustaqbalka ee image ah. Faaligga waxaa laga codsadaa barbaro qalin dhexdhexaad ah oo jilicsan nooca warqad ah warqada oo aan cadaadis, si ay u awoodaan si ay u masixi tirtire si xun line wayn.

Ka dib markii dusha barbaro diyaar, waxaad bilaabi kartaa in midabka. image Sample waa ka fiican si ay u sameeyaan a rinjiga biyo-L - watercolor, looxa ama gouache. Burush ku haboon yahay mid, laakiin lagu bilaabo, waxaad isticmaali kartaa lambarka 2aad. On gabal warqad gooni ah waa in a stroke yar soo qaado midabka buluug, robab kaamil ah. Markaas waxaad u baahan tahay in ay isku dayaan in ay soo jiidan ubax. Haddii image on warqada soo baxay si fiican, ka dibna wajiga labaad bilaabi kartaa rinjiyaynta alaabta dhoobada.

kala duwan oo ka mid ah sawir

ayaa shirqool iyo Dakatu mowduuc loo isticmaalaa marka technology lagama maarmaan ah in database ah ee u ganay kasta Gzhelian wax soo saarka ee dhoobada. Kala duwan Gzhel rinjiyeynta, naqshadaha, sawirada, images, nuqul - oo dhan u dhaco si Jidka, marka aad u baahan tahay in uu ordo taxanaha kale ee alaabta.

yaalla Separate soo saaray waxyaabaha qoraalka marka badeecada min biloow ilaa dhamaad waxaa lagu hayaa in xaaladda gaar. Qaabka waa mid gaar ah, rinjiyeynta gaar ah. Gzhel Tani heer sare ah khubarada loo arkaa ay isku dayayaan si ay u iibsadaan alaabta this gaar ah. waxyaabaha fasalka-koowaad ka duwan waxbarasho faahfaahsan caadiga ah tiradaasi. Farshaxankii jiitaa Gudigga yar, iyo iyadoo ay sabab u ah masterpiece run tahay dad Gzhelian.

qaad

Dhawaan waxaa jiray dhaqan wanaagsan - at saarka Gzhel in la furo dukaan on xaqiijinta ee alaabta kuwa sancada maxaliga ah. Works of art ayaa diyaar noqdaan, kala doorasho badan kordhay. shirkadaha waaweyn kalluumaysiga Gzhelian bilaabeen in ay soo saaraan superservizov, sida kuwa bixisey maxkamadda Imperial ee qarnigii 19aad. Wakiillada oo ka mid ah jiilka ka weyni ay xusuusan nooc dinnerware 120 ama ka badan waxyaabaha. Waxaa jiray qaybood oo yar 12 qof oo ka mid ah 84 alaabta. Waa wax yar, laba, xaq "si fool-ka-fool." Adeegga ahaa xataa hal qof, Ghadafi ah, kaas oo la odhan jiray "Egoist".

The Tsar ayaa monoboli

Oo waagaas badan oo alaabooyinka Gzhel dibadda. Yurub dhoofiyo alaabta gaadhi sayidkooda Ruush. Tani waxay sii socotay waqti dheer ah ilaa iibsadaha ugu weyn ee wax soo saarka warshada ma ahaa waaxda khasnadda Imperial Ruush. Waxay jeelyihiin in si deg deg ah waxaa jiray monoboli ah, oo heysatay wax soo saarka Gzhel, iyo tan iyo markaas, alaabta oo dhan waa la geeyey in bakhaarka Hantidhowrka.

rajada

Currently gzhel ee baahida badan abid. Warshadaha iyo tababaro yar yar ku shaqeeyaan awoodda buuxda. Deggan oo dhan waxa loogu yeero Gzhel baadiyaha ku hawlan soo saarka ee a dhoobada baraf-cad rinji.