Satellite ee Mars - cabsi?

Mars, ilaah keligiis ayaa magaca dagaalka, ayaa satalayt la magac ku habboon: Deimos (turjumaad - "naxdin") iyo Phobos ( "cabsi"). Oo xiiso gaar ah waa satellite ugu horeysay ee Mars, saynisyahano ayaa si gaar ah xiiso 70-s ah oo qarnigii la soo dhaafay. Malo u hormarsataan oo ku saabsan asalka ah ee cajiinka oo, qalmaan, ugu yaraan, buug miisaan weyn "khayaali ah la"). Xukun naftaada ...

wareegyada Space in Maraykanka iyo Midowgii Soofiyeeti ee hore ayaa soo jeedinayay in Phobos, satellite ah ee Mars, waa wax ka badan sida macmal ah shayga, meel saldhiga dagaal, ka dul a meeraha dhintay cas, sida xusuusin ah kuwa cabsida leh ee dagaalka meel mar dhacay.

Waswaasiyo ayaa waxaa horey ka dib markii ay waxbarashada ugu horeysay ee Phobos waqti isku mid ah, in qaybta cilmi-American ah 70 ka yar magaca "Viking". On the images helay fiiro ninna bixisay. Marka ugu horeysa, ma aan bixin ... Waa maxay danta ugu keeni kara inuu qayb buro dhexroor kaliya 28 km? Sida laga soo xigtay heerarka gallakticheskim satellite ah ee Mars ahayd oo keliya kun oo hadhuudh ah oo ciid. Laakiin ka dib markii baadhitaan faahfaahsan oo dheeraad ah ee qaybo ka mid furan, oo ka dhigay in la yaab ka mid ah ragga saynisyahano. Yaree xalinta sawir ogol yahay in ay ka fiirsan ... silsilad ah craters. Waxaa intaa dheer, silsiladda taagay laba nidaamsan, khadadka toosan. Cirbixiyeyaasha u sabab this hawlaha ugu horeysay Kobenhagen, xiganaya tusaale ahaan ka mid ah dayaxa. Satalayt, siday u kala aragti, khadadka craters kordhiyo Galaatiya isku midka ah ee quraxda xidiga ah. Laakiin fikrado Phobos aslanba diiday, iyada oo craters ay ku yaalaan ku dhawaad dadab iyo in ay jidka duulimaadka ee satellite ah.

Mid ka mid ah aragtida fantastic lagu badalay kale. First go'aansaday in satellite ah waa suurto gal waxqabad Kobenhagen, laakiin tani waxay u muuqataa uma badna: tirada Phobos yihiin dayac badan! Markaasaa waxaa u sameeyey malo soo socda: satellite la waaleen by meteorites. Laakiin barbaro by wixii awood ay si hir dhacaysa, la xirrira silsilad rovnenkie?

Satellite ee Mars ay soo jiidatay of Iosifa Shklovskogo, astrophysicist Soviet, kuwaas oo uu go'aansaday in uu fuliyo ay xisaabaha mooshin Phobos. Waxa ay ahayd mid aad u dhakhso ah, this xawaaraha maalin - saddex markooda buuxa ay kastana falagiisuu dhex! xawaaraha wareeg ay ahayd inta ka sareeya ka badan heerka of Mars. malo soo socda ma ahaa ka yar fantastic: si ay u ilaaliyaan xawaare sare Phobos ... waa in godkii. Ma run ahaantii waxay ahayd saldhigga boos?

Horeba ee Warega of 90s ee, waxaan Malo ahayn this ayaa kala qaybsan iyo Ciidamada Cirka ee Marina Colonel Popovich. Rumayso in Phobos - satellite macmal ah, iyada lagu khasbay inay si deg deg ah lagu tilmaamay inay xogta laga qalabka "Phobos-2", tirsan Midowga Soofiyeeti. Si aad u aragto macluumaadka kuwanu waxay ahaayeen kuwo aad u adag - isgaarsiinta ninkeeda Paul caawiyay.

Haddaba dad yar magacyada isku mid "Phobos-1" analog "Phobos-2" xusuusan olole caalami ah oo labada qalabka. marka hore wuxuu ahaa mid aan duuli Mars, sababtoo ah shil, halka kii labaadna wuxuu gaadhay goolka, laakiin hore ee isku daya in la xidhiidha satellite ah si lama filaan ah kala gooyey. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, a images yar in oo dhan maamula. Mid ka mid ah sawir la sameeyay dadweynaha by warbaahinta, oo waxay noqdeen hantida guud. Waxaa si cad u ahaa hooskii elliptical arki karo on tuuray dusha sare ee Mars. Waxaa jira malo ah in ay ahayd a satellite aad Phobos, Mars. Laakiin ereyga "hooska" sababay khubarada qaar ka mid ah dhoola walaacsan, maxaa yeelay waxay ahayd si fiican u garan by camera ah infrared ku yaalla qalabka. Waxaa loo aasaasay in lagu soo qabto joogitaanka walxaha kaamerada. Laakiin, by qeexidda, hadh diiran si fudud ma noqon karaan. Markaas wixii ka?

Laakiin labaad (qarsoodi) image markiiba helaa ka hor khasaare xiriir ah. Waxa uu ahaa sawir ah shay Rafaa cylindrical ka dusha sare ee Phobos laalaaday. Cabirka ayaa run ahaantii u Waxyoon: 1.5 km dhexroor iyo 20 km dheer! Marina Popovich u maleeyay in waxa shayga la burburiyay, "Phobos-2", si looga hortago in suurtagalnimada ee waxbarashada satellite. Oo waxaa dhacday in la joogo aad marka mashiinka la joojiyo oo cabirrada dushiisa of Phobos.

xaqiijin kale ee xaqiiqda ah in qof uu ka dhaco faragalin daraasadda, waxa ay aheyd 1993. Waayo, sabab qaar ka mid ah, on August 22 sano in, si lama filaan ah joogsadeen baahinta oo dhinaca kale ah, hay'adaha Maraykanka "Mars Observer", kaas oo uu ku yaal falagiisuu ee meeraha Mars. Satalayt aan la bartay.

Waxaa ku dhammaaday fashil, iyo isku day ee sannadkii hore in aan bilowno "ayuu Phobos-guuxid".

Waxaa laga yaabaa in iskutallaabta la saaray waqti si ay baaritaan. Laakiin waxaa jira rajo yar-miisaaniyada NASA ee "Mars Global sahmiyaha" iyo "Mars Atfaynder" uu ka samaysan yahay maps faahfaahsan ee Mars. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyagu ma ay bilaabeen in ay bartaan Phobos. Maxay waa? Sixir? Ama Mareykanka ayaa warbixin in qasabtay inay joojiyaan oo ka cilmi?

Waxaa jira versions kale ee asalka ah ee Satellite: Phobos iyo Deimos noqon karaa natiijada masiibo runtan. Astiriyoodhada bartey dhacday falagiisuu ee Mars iyo ku hadhay ee beer gravitational. Ama waxaa laga yaabaa, Phobos waa qayb ka mid ah Mars ah? Laakiin in la qaato ugu yaraan mid ka mid ah qoraalkii ugu dambeeyey, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in aad tirtirto dhammaan nuquladii hore ee xogta iyo ...