The hadda ee Ocean Arctic ah. Biyaha badweynta Arctic ah. hadda wadista

goobta Arctic Ocean ayaa meesha ugu hoosaysa ee biyaha oo dhan maddiibadihii kale oo dhulka ka mid ah - 14,75 million mitir oo laba jibbaaran. km. Waxay ku taallaa dhexeeya qaaradood American iyo Eurasian. Oo gebi ahaanba ee u Safra waqooyiga. si qoto dheer ugu weyn ee weysada la soo bandhigay in Badda Greenland ah - 5527 mitir. Tirada guud ee biyaha ku saabsan yahay 18 million mitir oo saddex jibbaaran. km.

Muuqaaladan ugu weyn ee Ocean Arctic - iyo socodka uu gargaarka. Biyaha hoose ee margin qaaradda, iyo wakiil shelf weyn, taas oo Ballaariyay ku dhowaad weheliyaan weysada oo dhan. Sababo la xiriira cimilada qabow iyo meesha mugdiga ah ee gobollada dhexe ee badda waxaa had iyo jeer lagu daboolay baraf. Currently aqbalay keeneysa la biyaha oo ka mid ah barkadaha soo socda kala duw Arctic, Canada iyo Yurub.

Background

Description of Ocean Arctic waa in ay bilaabaan la qaababka ay juquraafi ahaan. biyaha soohdintiisa soo dhex maraan gudbayaa Straits of Denmark, Hudson iyo Davis, xeebta ah ee Greenland iyo Faroe Islands ilaa Peninsula Scandinavian ah. badweynta ugu weyn headlands tixgeliyo Brewster Gerpir, Reydinupyur, Dezhnev. Intaa waxaa dheer, balliga bathes dalalka sida Iceland, Norway, Russia, Canada, Maraykanka. Iyada oo Badweynta Pacific xuduud la Strait Bering ah. Ujeedadu waxay fog ee xeebaha waa Alaska.

Arctic Ocean (sawirka eeg. Hoos) qaadataa% ee aagga guud ee biyaha adduunka oo kaliya 4. Marar dhif ah, waxaa loo arkaa badda ah weysada Atlantic. Xaqiiqdu waxay tahay in Badweynta Arctic ah qaybta ugu waa biyo xad-gacmeed. Kaliya in a meelaha yar qoto dheer gaaro 1.5 km. Mid ka mid ah sababaha waa dhererka xeebta - in ka badan 45 kun km. goobta biyaha waxaa ka mid ah in ka badan dersin badaha. The ugu weyn ka mid ah kuwan yihiin badda Barents, Chukchi ah, Kara, Norway, Beaufort, Siberian, Badda Laptev, White, Greenland. Badda ku jira xeedhada Ocean degan in ka badan 50%. bay ugu weyn waxaa loo arkaa inay Hudson.

dalalka Island badweynta Arctic ku maray. Oo ka mid ah archipelagos ugu weyn waa in ay bixiso Canadian. Waxa kale oo ka mid ah jasiiradaha sida Ellesmere Island, King William Island, Svalbard, Prince Patrick, New Earth, Kong, Wrangel Island, Victoria, Kolguev, Banks et al.

biyo wareegga Gudaha

cover baraf muddada dheer dhuuntaa dusha sare ee Badda ka soo saamaynta tooska ah ee jawiga iyo shucaaca qoraxda. Sidaas awgeed waa arrin weyn in saamaynta biyaha dhaqdhaqaaqa oo biyo ah waa xoog badan loogasoo mass North-Atlantic. socodka Tani waa diiran, oo waxaa go'aaminaya sawirka guud ee qaybinta biyaha balliga Yurub. On wareegga ee gobolka Arctic ah oo saamayn ku hir reer Pacific iyo mass sitoos.

biyaha dushooda Balance waxaa lagu gaarayaa by bullaacadaha bari iyo meelaha woqooyi Atlantic. Tani dhaqdhaqaaqa dadweynaha iyo waxaa muhiim u ah Ocean Arctic ah. Oo biyo haray ee qashinka tilmaami karaa cidhiidhi ah jasiiradaha Canadian.

Arctic Ocean (fiiri sawirka. Xaqa) oo inta badan la sameeyay ay sabab u socodka webiga. Wabiyaal Major, saamaynaya hadda badda, waa in Asia. Taasi waa sababta in Alaska ayaa dhaqdhaqaaq joogto ah oo baraf ah.

biyaha midayso

In Ocean Arctic ka qarsan dhowr lakab biyaha: maqaar saar, dhexe oo qoto dheer. Ka hore waa mass leh heerarka cusbo la dhimay. Its qoto dheer yahay 50 mitir. Heerkulka celceliska Ocean Arctic waa -2 degrees. guryaha saameynta biyaha ee lakabka waxaa go'aamiya barafka la diiriyay, uumi iyo taabashada faniinkaba. Aagga diirran ee biyaha badda ee Norway waxaa loo arkaa. heerkulka dusha Its waa ilaa 8 darajo.

iyo maddiibad interlayer The - tacsida biyaha, fidinayo si qoto dheer ah 800 oo mitir. Halkan, heerkulka Ocean Arctic ku kala duwan yihiin hal degree. Tani waxaa sababa wareegga ah ee hadda diiran Badda Greenland ah. salinity The oo biyo ah oo qiimihiisu yahay qiyaastii 37 ‰ ama in ka badan. lakabka Deep sameeyay convection toosan oo kordhiyay cidhiidhi u dhexeeya Spitsbergen iyo Greenland ka. Waa in la ogaadaa in socodka u dhow hoose ee badda waxaa keena dhaq biyaha badaha ugu weyn. Heerkulka aagga biyaha ku dul moolka dheer ugu badan ee ku saabsan -1 degrees.

xaaladaha Goyiim

cillado biyaha noocan oo kale ah ee Ocean Arctic waa mid caadi ah. Baddu waxaa go'aamiya biyaha Atlantic. ugu weyn ayaa lagu arkay badaha Badda Barents, Siberia, Kara iyo Chukchi. Halkan baddu waa qof semi-qaafiyad. Sababtuna waxay tahay, laba-waji muddo sinnaan Labiyo (ugu yaraan iyo ugu badnaan).

pool Yurub ee Arctic Ocean ka duwan hir dheer kale. Halkan, heerka biyaha ka soo baxdo si ay u qoraan sare - ilaa 10 mitir. Ugu badnaan lagu arkay Mezen Bay. Min - xeebaha dalka Canada iyo Siberia (in ka yar 0.5 m).

Sidoo kale oceanographers qoondeeyey oscillations dabayl-kaca ah. In qaybo badan oo berkeddii weysada waa height ruxruxo fiirsanayo of 2 ilaa 11 mitir. ifafaale ugu badnaan lagu arkay Badda ee Norway - 12 m.

waa in ka badan Waa maxay

Wuxuu la barwaaqaysan ee column biyaha in ay yihiin nooca noq ama joogto ah ee. hadda Ocean (fiiri map. hoose) ayaa sidoo kale laga yaabaa in maqaar saar ah ama qoto dheer, qabow ama diiran. Joogtaynta iyo cyclicality waa qulqulka wareegsan, oo joogto ah oo isku dhafan oo kala duwan. unit The cabbir ah hadda badda loo yaqaan Sverdrup ah. Durdurro biyo ah waxa lagu kala saaraa xasilloonida, si qoto dheer, jirka iyo guryaha kiimikada, dabeecadda iyo jihada of safarka, on saamaynta ciidamada, iwm Si kastaba ha ahaatee, saddex kooxood oo waaweyn oo isbedelka maanta la sii daayay ..:

1. Goyiim. Sababa qulqulaya of meydadka weyn oo biyo ah. Kuurgalay biyaha gacmeed oo u dhow xeebta. Kala duwan oo xoog saameyn. views gooni ah oo hadda badda waxaa loo arkaa Thrower.

2. Wehliyaha tilmaama jihada Wehliye. Loo yaqaan siman cadaadis hydrostatic u dhaxaysa layers biyaha. Ma by cufnaanta, barogradientnymi, bullaacadaha, magdhaw iyo seiche.

3. Wind. Sababa socodka hawada xoog leh.

Features of Stream Gacanka

durdur Gulf waa hadda diiran, taas oo lagu tilmaamay goobta Atlantic ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa socodka this kaalin muhiim ah ee formation iyo wareegga of Ocean Arctic ah. xeebta North American uu yimaado. Waxa ay gaareysaa ka Banks Grand u Straits of Florida. Gulfstream iska leh quuska nidaamka Badda Barents iyo Spitsbergen.

Tani socodka ah ee Ocean Arctic waxaa ku filan, taas oo si weyn kordhin heerkulka guud ahaan biyaha. width ee Stream Gulf yahay 90 kilomitir. Guuro at xawaare ka mid ah 2-3 m / s. Tani waxa ay mid ka mid ah hadda ugu awooda badan diiran ee badaha ka dhigaa. Meelaha qaar ka mid ah socodka gaaro qoto dheer ah 1.5 km. The dhaqdhaqaaqa of Stream Gulf ay isbedesho sannadka oo dhan. Inteeda badan, heerkulkiisa ku saabsan tahay 25 C. kala duwanaansho ugu badan lagu arkay qaybaha waqooyi ee Badda ee Norway, halkaas oo heerka si degdeg ah u dhacay 10 darajo.

The dhaqdhaqaaqa of Stream Gacanka

Inta lagu jiro dabaylaha ganacsiga kulaylaha degdegsiimada iyo biyo siyaado ah Caribbean. xoogga dhaqdhaqaaqa waxaa keena wareeg ee caalamka. In dareen badan oo maxali ah GolfStream goostay xeebaha hab hadda, salinity iyo qaybinta heerkulka.

saameyn weyn ku yeelatay koorsada bixinta gacanka Mexico ka Cuba. In deegaanka this, goobta biyaha ayaa dabiiciga ah meerto. Biyaha waxaa si tartiib ah iyo baaba 'il awood badan ee Badweynta Atlaantik dhex Straits Florida ee. In socodka Bahamas dhacdaa qalab kale. Set ee dhaqdhaqaaqa waa la dhimay si formation of giraanta, in uu yahay, vortices waaweyn. Halkan Stream Gulf la helo ay xoog.

In mustaqbalka, iyo sidoo kale oo dhan hadda kale ee Arctic Ocean, socodka tamarta lunsan oo ay sabab u tahay heerka sare ee uumi xeebaha ee Europe. Natiijadu waxay tahay cimilada khafiif ah. In qaybta waqooyi ee Ocean Arctic waxaa socodka laan badan.

The hanjabay Gulf Stream

Tobankii sano ee la soo dhaafay, waayo, Degenaansho kala duwan. First of dhan waxay ku saabsan tahay wareegga index ah. Qiyaastii oscillations weyn ee quseyo wareegsan ee Stream Gacanka lagu arkay labadii sanaba mar. leexasho ku ah socodka ah ee Ocean Arctic ee noocan oo kale ah wuxu isbedel weyn ee cimilada. saynisyahano Qaar ka mid ah waxay aaminsan yihiin in mustaqbalka dhow waxa ay ku hanjabtay in ay musiibo meeraha saadaasha hawada ah. macaaneeynta Fast iyadoo ay sabab u kululaaneysa ee caalamka waxay keeni kartaa in ay xaqiiqada ah in qayb ka mid ah Yurub ee dalka joogsan doonaa si loo kululayn jiray. cidhibtii noqon kartaa da 'baraf cusub. sheekooyin Horaantii ahaayeen masiibooyinka la mid ah. gunaanad saynisyahano noocan oo kale ah ku sameeyeen sida ay falanqaynta baraf qoto dheer Greenland.

Haddii macaaneeynta Gulf Stream runtii saadaaliyay in dulmiga sida iska caadi ah, marka hore in ay ku xanuunsado ka rigs badan saliid. cidhibtii noqon lahaa musiibada deegaanka horeba.

Features ee Greenland bariga ee hadda

durdur Tani waa awoodda labaad ee Ocean Arctic ah. Kana soobixiya wax tacsida biyaha qabow. Uu ku soo bilowday barkad caalamiga ah waa godka ah iyo ka saarida baraf ka biyihii Arctic. Bilow hadda ee Ocean Arctic ah ayaa lagu arkay xeebaha Asia. Dhinaca waqooyiga iyo mudacyadii webigu. Laanta marka hore aado Greenland, kii labaadna wuxuu ahaa - in North America. Dhaqdhaqaaqa qaadataa meel inta badan xadka isku xidha berriga.

width ee Greenland bariga ee hadda, in meelaha qaar ka mid ah in ka badan 200 km. heerkulka biyaha waa at 0 digrii. At durdur Cape sagootiyey ku xiran Irminger hadda ah. isku dhaceen ee tacsida kulul iyo kuwa qabow dabamariyey dhacdaa. Taasi waa sababta uu jiro this barafku deg deg ah oo baraf badda iyo icebergs ee qaybtan ka mid ah aagga.

hadda kale ee Ocean Arctic

socodka Transarctic bixiyaa dhaqdhaqaaqa barafka ka Alaska in Greenland. ciidanka ugu weyn ee socodka waa socodka webiyaasha. Sidaas darteed of noocan oo kale ah glaciers diiran saameyn weyn jebin ka soo jeeda barriga iska soo gaaray durdur Transarctic oo lagu soo qaado si Strait Bering ah. dhaqdhaqaaqa jira waxaa taageera loogasoo ee Pacific.

Spitsbergen waa laan ah Stream Khaliijka. Waxaa sii Badda ee Norway. Nordkapp hadda gaadho heer-kulka biyaha ilaa 8 darajo ah. Waxaa gudba dusha sare ee badda u dhow xeebaha oo ka mid ah Kola iyo Scandinavian Peninsula. Its xawaaraha celcelis ahaan waa 1.4 km / h.

Laanta Norway ee Atlantic lagu jiro socodka tixgeliyo. Halkee salinity waxaa lagu hayaa agagaarka 35%. heerkulka mass - ka +5 in +12 degrees.

xogta cimilada

Features of Ocean Arctic sidoo kale waa in qaab jawi aad u daran. Waa in sida jawi qabow oo biyaha badan malaayiin sano ee glaciers weyn ku kaydsan mahad. Gobolka horjeeda ayaa yaraanta ba'an ee kulaylka qoraxda.

In badan oo badda waxaa jira tiro yar oo ah roobab. Xilliga jiilaalka, goobta biyaha la Hawiyaha habeenkii horjeeda bilaha-dheer.

In ka badan shan iyo toban boqol oo sano ee ugu dambeeyey ee cimilada badda ayaa waayo-aragnimada oo ka mid aqoonsi oo dhan.