Trombone, qalab muusig, sawir, sharaxaad ku saabsan

Like alaabtii kale orchestra Symphony, trombone - aalad muusiko la dhawaaq gaar ah oo taariikh xiiso leh. Isagu waa xubin buuxda ka orchestra Symphony iyo jazz guutooyinkii, laakiin sida Ujeedada ballaadhan ma ahayn had iyo jeer - waxaa waxaa ka hormarey qarniyo codsiga cidhiidhi iyo horumarka farsamada.

asal ahaan

Turjumay ka Talyaaniga iyo Faransiiska «trombone» - tube weyn ama biibiile oo waaweyn. Magaca "trombone" bilaabaa in lagu isticmaalo Renaissance qarnigii XV ah. Waxay wakiil naxaasta Muuqaallo, kaas oo kuu ogolaanaya in aad si ay u sameeyaan aalad dhawaaqi dheeraad ah oo hooseeya iyo godkii.

horseed ee qalabka muusikada trombone ee tixraacyada u Renaissance iyo Baroque ahaa sakbut. Labada eego mudo dheer ayaa loo isticmaalaa isku macno, laakiin go'an iyo baddelo oo dhan dadka kale, ka dib markii qarnigii XVII ah, ereyga "trombone" ah.

Timbre iyo description

Sidee trombone ah? muusikada qalabka xarkaha, sharaxaad ku saabsan oo laga heli karo mar hore qarnigii XV, waxa uu isku badalay tan iyo wakhtigaas ma aha oo aad u badan. Waa tube a double laaban yihiin la-yada a dhaqaajin karo. End soo galo koorta. dhererka tube - saddex mitir, dhexroor -. 1.5 cm qasab ku tahay oo dhan dabaylaha afka - trombone ee waa weyn yahay, baaquli fekrado.

In muusikada sawirka trombone qalab taagan. Si ka duwan alaabtii kale oo naxaas ah, trombone ee farsamo, oggolaanayaa guurka siman ka note ah in la ogaado, si ay u qabtaan chromatic iyo glissando.

Kala soprano, Aalto, xukunka, Bass, noocyo kala duwan oo contrabass ee qalabka. The trombone xukunka inta badan la isticmaalo.

Qalab Range - G (cusbo) kontroktavy in F (F) ee Shemiiniid labaad.

Codkiisa - low, oo cod weyn oo sii dheeraaday, kala duwan-dhawaaqaysa sare iyo kuwa yaryarba. At sare ee waa dhaldhalaalaan oo dhalaalaya timbre, hoose - ee calool-xumida leh iyo cabsi galinayaa. Sababo la xiriira tayada ay timbral of trombone wuxuu noqday qalab muusig ah, a solos ku kalsoon tahay oo camal oo dhan.

farsamo ee soo-saarka codka

Bright, haadinaya dhawaaqa ka mid ah trombone iyo awoodaha ay farsamo ay sabab u tahay qaab-dhismeedka. Si ka duwan naxaas kale, trombone uu leeyahay link a xira - gabal elongated U-qaabeeya in uu yahay qayb ka mid ah qalab muusig. Trombone dhex keensataa awoodaha farsamo dheeraad ah - wanaajisaa kala duwan dhawaaqa wax fudud in ay simbiriirixan ka note ah in la ogaado (glissando).

afar maalin cad oo shan meelood oo isticmaalaya kvartventilya iyo kvintventilya foomamka suurto gal ah sida ka Maqnayn in trombone taariikhi ah.

Sida alaabtii kale oo naxaas ah, carrab la '(muting) waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in waxqabadka trombone ah.

eg kitaabiga ah

Xusuuso oo ka mid ah tubooyinka waaweyn yihiin kuwo aad u kala duwan iyo waxaa laga helaa Qoraallada qadiimiga ah. buunka amaanaa Ulasocto dhacdooyinka muhiimka ah iyo Malaa'igta la daabacay iyo archangels. qoraalka kitaabiga Cilmi iyo music xilliga in la rumaysan yahay in qalab this - hatsotsra - dabaysha waa hore jirtay, qeexin garabaka buun casriga ah iyo trombone, laakiin ma laha baalal. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa dhawaaqa trombone ee shuqullo badan waa codkii Ilaah oo, bilowgii signal Qiyaame.

faracii taariikhiga ah

tixraacyada Documentary rookaha qalab muusig helay durba Qarniyadii hore. Isidor iyo Virgil tilmaamaya tube qiime gaar ah (ductills tuba), kuna waari dhexdeeda dhawaaqa kala duwan taas oo ku xidhan booska uu ka qayb ka mid ah la dhaqaajin karo. Waxaa kale oo la og yahay in inta lagu guda jiro excavations ah lana kulmay Roman ee qarnigii XVIII ah, laba trombones, laakiin raad natiijooyinka waa kuwan ka badan sida halyeey ka badan xaalkuna waa la helay.

cilmi badankoodu waxay aaminsan yihiin in trombones qadiimiga ma ahaayeen sheekooyin, laakiin ku saabsan muuqaalka iyo codka malayn karaa oo keliya.

The Xusuuso si rasmi ah ugu trombone iyo images la xidhiidhaan qarnigii XV ah. Wakhtigan ma jiro magac qalab hal, sakbut (Fr «sacquer» - jiita iyo «bouter» - riix.), Posaunen (Eng.), Tuba ductili ku xusan oo ay la socdaan trombone ah (Italy.). ay yihiin oo dhan si siman ayay u badan tahay in laga helo ilo kala duwan. trombone caan qarnigii XV ah, waa heer sare ah oo ku filan - waxaa loo isticmaalaa in adeegyada kaniisadda qayb ka mid ah ensembles cilmaani ah iyo qalab Solo noqday. Waxaa la oggol yahay in ay dalban ah oo ku saabsan xafladaha sokeeye iiddii iyo dagaalka.

Xoojinta dhaqanka ee muusikada

ku dhashay ee qalabka muusikada trombone waxaa loo arkaa in ay Germany ama Italy. Halkan noolaa ee sayid ugu horeysay, manufactures trombones lacag maxkamadaha boqornimada.

In qarniyo XVII-XVIII. trombone noqday ee la xidhiidha music ee la soo dhaafay. Ku sugnaanta galidoonaan iyo qalab Solo, oo keliya ayuu u taagan yahay iyo waxa aan la soo daray darey orchestra ah. Tani ma hortago composers badan si ay u abuuraan shuqulladiisa loogu talagalay qalab ah.

Xaaladaha intooda badan, codsiga ugu weyn ee codka trombone ahaa music kaniisad uu magac la socon ama gabay codad loo isticmaalo this diiwaanka sare.

Qadiimiga ah Symphony Orchestra, abuuray qarnigii XVIII by J. Haydn ah, ma ka mid ah trombone ah. Sida muuqata, qalab this waxaa la dareemay in ay sidoo kale beryihii hore ee iyo il-qabad ee tutti sanqadhiisana harmonic. Intaa waxaa dheer, markii aan waa u bislaaday uu horumar farsamo.

In trombone xaalado gaar ah, hase ahaatee, loo isticmaalo in masraxa music ah. Its codka uu helay cado riwaayado ee operas of Gluck, iyo V. A. Motsart isaga siiyaa door naxdin leh oo aad looga cabsado ee opera "Don Giovanni" iyo "Ciidamo".

Trombone in orchestra Symphony ah

trombone Hordhac sida aalad muusiko ee orchestra Symphony a ahayd oo keliya at Warega of qarniyo XVIII-XIX. ka L. V. Bethovena. Berlioz markii ugu horeysay isaga dhiibtay qayb faahfaahsan Solo in music symphonic, waxaa aqoonsan midab ah oo sharaf leh iyo sharaf leh. In qayb ka mid ah casriga ah ee orchestra loo isticmaalo, sida caadiga ah laba ama saddex trombones (laba xukunka iyo Bass). Orchestras Wagner, P. I. Chaykovskogo, Mahler, Brahms malaysan aan trombone sonorous midab iyo military, halkaas oo codkiisa la xidhiidha ciidamada dhimasho iyo cabsi galinayaa.

The music symphonic P. I. Chaykovskogo trombone dhawaaqa u taagan images of Rock, Providence. In trombone Wagner, wada jir ah ula naxaas kale astaan awood iyo xoog xulk, images Rock. Xarfo R. Wagner loo isticmaalaa in lagu muujiyo lyrics jacayl ( "Tristan iyo Isolde"). Tani dabcan aan caadi ahayn semantic waxaa sii music qarnigii labaatanaad.

Iyadoo xiisaha trombone ee qarnigii XIX sii kordhaya, shiidaa mamnuucay ahaa isticmaalka glissando, kaas oo la mariyo uun Classics ee qarnigii labaatanaad - A. Schoenberg iyo Glazunov.

Trombone ee jazz

Jazz trombone - door cusub oo qalab muusig. Waxay ku bilaabmaa xilligii Dixieland - mid ka mid ah dhaqdhaqaaqa koowaad ee jazz music. Halkan, qalab ah ee markii ugu horeysay loo aqoonsaday improvising a Solo, abuurista countermelody iyo farsamo ku garaacday iyada. The trombonists jazz ugu caansan - Glen Miller, Khuraafaad Mole, Edward Kid Ory, abuuray ay style u gaar ah oo play. Mid ka mid ah hababka aasaasiga ah - Dhawaaqa isku jira qoraalada qofka iyo trombone ku glissando sifo. Waxay abuurtaa dhawaaq gaar ah Dixieland 20. qarnigii labaatanaad. Thanks to trombonist jazz ah, style jazz la xidhiidha alaabtii dabaysha.

dhawaaqyada Trombone iyo music Latin American - waxaa loo dallacsiiyey by uunana socod ensembles jazz, kaas oo ahaa qalab Solo trombone ah.

fursadaha Modern ee trombone boosaska badan - si ay u qabtaan music classical in codka jazz, Oo dhagax weyn, iyo Hababka kale iyo asluubta. Isticmaalka qalab this ayaa noqonaya mid aad hal abuur iyo xiiso, iyo trombonist meesha in orchestra ama galidoonaan - oo dhan ayaa in ka badan aad u fiican.