Waa maxay baska PCI ah?

Isbeddellada horumarinta technology computer waa wax iska cad - waa ay midoobeen, fududeynta for saarayaasha (hoos u socdka) iyo isku qalabka kala duwan ee ka xirmo hal. Ma jiraan wax la yaab leh in xaqiiqda ah in dad badan oo ka mid ah dadka isticmaala ee maanta, bilowga ah xitaa ma naqaano waxa PCI bas waa. Oo kuwii helay markii ugu of formation of kombiyuutarada IBM-socon oo ku saleysan Processor, shaki kuma jiro 286, 386 iyo wixii la soo., Xusuuso badan Taayirada kala duwan iyo interfaces hardware loo isticmaalo nidaamyada computer ee wakhtigaas. Tani waa baska 8-bit caanka ISA ah, ka dibna ay dhamaystirka VLB (oo loo yaqaan VESA), baska PCI, isku xira a loogu talagalay modem software Intel, AGP, iyo wixii la mid ah. Markaasay waxay wada, marka laga reebo dhif ah, ayaa loo baahan yahay. Laakiin hadda on motherboard cajiib ah "saboolnimada" - oo kaliya hal bas PCI Express, si kastaba ha ahaatee, eegid kala duwan iyo tirooyin kala duwan ee khadadka signal. Waxaa hoogtay, si ay ugu bixiyaan midoobidda sida, in dareenka suugaan, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in user dhamaadka. Ka dib oo dhan, xataa haddii la heli karo waa, tusaale ahaan, tayo sare leh kaarka codka, kaas oo ah a-qalab PCI, waa fudud meel lagugu xiro (adapters raaxo ma tirin), oo ay leeyihiin si ay u iibsadaan version ee taayirrada ka duwan ama, guud ahaan, aado, daacad ah cilladaysan, xal midaysan. Xaaladdu waa garabaka sheekada kala iibsiga "khasab" ah oo dhan AGP in PCI-E.

Waa maxay PCI baska si caan ah? Its taariikhda taariikhda dib ugu 1991, marka ah ee wax soo saarka processor fasalka Pentium, waxaa caddaatay in caadi ah 8-bit ISA ma wada siin kara heerka la aqbali karo ee dhexgalka dhammaan qaybaha. Xusuustaa waqtiga ma jirin ee DMI, ama Hyper Gaadiidka, iyo xidhiidhka ka mid ah qaybaha on motherboard la fuliyay iyada oo loo marayo baska nidaam. Inkastoo isku dayga lagu sameeyey inay horjoogsadaan xadaynta ISA ah, tusaale ahaan, oo waxaa jiray baska VESA ah, laakiin ay sabab u tahay xadaynta iyagu ma ay u noolaadaan.

In 1992, baska PCI Intel la soo bandhigay by version 1.0 on caadiga ah furan. inta jeer saacad Its waa weyn yahay waqti 33 MHz (taas oo u qaadidda inta jeer ee processor fududeeyey) ah, taas oo ku xidhan fulinta hardware ah, taageerada 32 ama 64 gaballo (8-bit ISA marka la barbar dhigo). The khadadka xog danab ahaa 5 iyo 3.3, iyo bandwidth ahaa 133 MB. Iyo, ugu muhiimsan, waxa uu ahaa taageertaa koronto & Play (kicinta off!).

waxaa jiray version la hagaajiyey ee 2.0 sanadkii 1993.

baska PCI ayaa helay warkiisii caalami ah tan iyo 1995 (version 2.1). Iyadoo ku xiran fulinta inta jeer ee ahaa 66 MHz. Marka la isticmaalayo kala duwanaansho 64 waxoogaa ka maamulaa this 533MB kala iibsiga daalaan. Windows 95 badbaadiyay, ugu dambayntii yimid, in ay si buuxda loo xaqiijiyo howlgal saxda ah ee qalabka PCI la koronto & technology Play. Khadadka Signal la oggalaado in ay u guuraan ka 5V in 3.3V

Next waxaa la sii daayay dib u eegis 2.2 - 3.0. Isku xira in version 2.2 lahaa "muhiimka ah" in blocks rakibo qalabka leheyn danab. Qoraalka ku sii 2.3 si 3.3 V, sidaas isticmaalka qalabka sida ee qoraalkii in 2.1 (5) natiijooyinka in waxyeelo ay kaararka iyo mararka qaarkood banjarin. In 3.0 version 5 V waxaa mar dambe loo isticmaalo.

In 1997, PCI ku lahaa ilaa laab sida baska isku Intel AGP ayaa la sii daayay, waayo, video, taas oo aan gaadhi karo awooddooda oo buuxda on PCI ah.

Haddaba baska PCI ah, sida uu horay u sheegay, waa ku dhawaad marnaba loo isticmaalo, waxaana bedelay ay bedelka - PCI Express. farsamo software wax ka qabashada waa isku mid, laakiin hirgelinta jirka ayaa isbedelo la taaban karo. tirada kirishbooyada, inta jeer ee hawlgalka u korodho ayaa la bedelay (oo ay weheliso hoos hadda). Habka of configuring a fikrada macaamil (qalabka ku xiran) waxaa sidoo kale loo bedelay, jidaynayey sahlan in ay la tacaalaan codsiyada si ay baska.

By habka, on motherboards qaar ka mid ah ayaa weli ay suurtagal tahay in ay la kulmaan xira baska PCI ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, oo ku saabsan taageerada hooyo ka mid ah chipset iyo processor laga hadlin - fulinta habkan isticmaalaa chip gaar ah waa buundada in redirects codsiyada in PCI PCI ku Express.