Abwaan Spiridon Dmitrievich Drozhzhin: Biography, shuqullada wanaagsan, iyo xaqiiqooyinka oo xiiso leh

Spiridon Dmitrievich Drozhzhin - a Abwaan Ruush caanka ah, kuwaas oo aayaadka ahaayeen kuwo aad caan sano pre-kacaan, iyo inta lagu jiro xilligii Soviet. Waxa uu ku noolaa nolol dheer, bulk of taas oo u heelan yihiin inay shaqada suugaanta. Biography Spiridona Dmitrievicha Drozhzhina soo koobay in this article.

Asal ahaan, sano oo waxbarashada

Waxa uu ku dhashay on December 6, 1848 gobolkii Tver (tuulada Nizovka). Gobolka Tani waa mid aad u jeclaan of Spiridon Dmitrievich Drozhzhin. Halkii uu ku dhashay gabyi badan shuqulladiisa. tuulada Nizovka dambe ee sannadaha soo socda uu noqon doono il rajo u leh Abwaan. Waxay Nagi, gaar ahaan, uu gabay caan ah "Homeland" Spiridon Dmitrievich Drozhzhin.

Waalidiinta Abwaan ahaayeen serfs. Spyridon D. helay waxyaabaha aasaasiga ah ee waxbarashada ka uu awoowe, Drozhzhina Stepan Stepanovich, bal yaa isaga u baray in uu akhriyo alifbeetada iyo, dabcan, ay Book of Hours.

In 1858 Spiridon loo diray dugsiga si ay u adeegto deegaanka. Halkan Abwaan mustaqbalka bartay muddo laba sano iyo xisaabta. Spiridon Dmitrievich Drozhzhin maalmahan la Mahdiyo xusuustay. Waxay sooco oo uu gabay of 1905 "Dugsiga adeegto ka ah." In tababarkan Spyridon Dmitrievich ayaa lagu soo gabagabeeyey - qaboobaha 1860 Abwaan mustaqbalka u tageen inay St. Petersburg in ay ka shaqeeyaan.

Waxayna warwareegi jireen daafaha dalka, is

36 sano ee soo socda ee uu noloshiisa ay astaan u tahay warwareeggayga xanuun badan oo wadanka. Spyridon D. beddelo shaqooyinka. Wuxuu ahaa addoon tavern, kaaliyaha wakiilkii, xoghaynta ee dukaamada dukaanka iyo tubaakada, iibiyaha, Rasuul ah, oo ladoonayay in a, Shaqaalahu ah, Steamship Company wakiilka "Diyaaradeed", ku kalsoon tahay bixinta oo qoryo ee tareenada ee. Masiirka tuuray gabayaa ee Tver iyo Moscow, Kharkov iyo Yaroslavl, xidshiidha iyo Kiev.

sano hore ee wareega, St. Petersburg, (1860-1871 GG.) - waqti calaamadeeyay ma aha oo kaliya Drozhzhina nus-ka gaajeeysan jiritaanka gataan, laakiin sidoo kale si firfircoon uga is. Afartii sano ee ugu horeysay ee uu magaalada ku qaatay, waxa uu ka shaqeeyay makhaayad "Kavkaz" galmada. Wakhtigan, Spiridon Dmitrievich Drozhzhin hammuun, in kastoo unsystematically, akhri suugaanta, inta badan ee tayada saboolka ah :. Majallado sida "Reading waayo askartii" iyo "Rasuul Mir" tixaha caanka ah oo raqiis ah, iwm, laakiin muddo ka dib Spiridon D. ogyahay shuqullada JS Nikitin AV Koltsov iyo NA Nekrasov. Waxa uu iskugu sheegay akhri magazine "Spark" ah. Spyridon D. tan iyo 1866 waxay bilaabeen inay si joogta ah u booqan Public Library.

maktabada iyo gabay ugu horeysay

On ay orientation fikirka iyo bilicsanaanta iyo dhadhankii farshaxanka wuxuu raad Drozhzhina yiqiin wanaagsan la caasimada ah ardayda iyo wakiillo ka socda madaxda kala duwan ee Dhalinyarada Democratic. Badbaadinta dhar iyo cunto, Spiridon Dmitrievich Drozhzhin soo ururiyay uu maktabadda. Waxaa ka mid ah shuqulladii by qorayaasha uu ugu jecel yahay:. M. Yu Lermontovym iyo A. S. Pushkinym, Koltsov iyo Nikitin, P.-J. Beranger iyo Heine, G. I. Uspenskim iyo Tolstoy, N. P. Ogarevym iyo et Drozhzhin Schiller al. Sidoo kale uu xiiseynayo suugaanta "mamnuuc". At da'da 17, ayuu ka abuuray isaga oo gabay ugu horeysay. Tan iyo waqti in, Spiridon Drozhzhin ma joojin qoraal gabayo. entry The ugu horeysay ee uu qorka muuqday May 10, 1867. Oo wuxuu isagii keentay in dhamaadka nolosha.

daabacaadan ugu horeysay ee

By 1870 isku day the first to codsan Drozhzhina daabacaan shuqulladoodu. Wuxuu u soo diray hogaanka 5, in uu ra'yi, Aayado ee "Illustrated Newspaper", laakiin ay diiday. In 1873 dheer la sugayay ugu horeysay ee suugaanta Abwaan. Waxaa markaas ahaa gabay Drozhzhina "Song buurta la shaqayn wanaagsan," waxaa la daabacay ee "Certificates" magazine. Tan iyo waqti in, Spiridon D. waxay bilaabeen inay si firfircoon uga dhex naadiya noocyo kala duwan oo majaladaha ( "Wealth Ruush", "Habeenka Qoyska", "Business", "Ereyga", iyo qaar kale.), Iyo sidoo kale joornaalada carruurta ( "Young Russia", "Skylark", " reading carruurta, "" Childhood "iyo kuwa kale.).

Fame, iyadaana

warkiisii Drozhzhina sida gabayaa dhamaadka 1870 - 1880-mada. Waxaa si degdeg ah u koray. iz Surikov ayaa muujiyey xiisaha ay u qoraaga dhallinyarada is-baray. Tani waa caddaynta ku ay waraaqo la xiriira 1879.

In St. Petersburg, ururinta marka hore u muuqday in 1889, SD Drozhzhina ( "gabayo 1866-1888 GG. Iyada oo qoraal ah qoraaga nolosheyda"). In 1894 iyo 1907, buugga waxaa reissued mar kasta oo la taaban karo ku ballaadhisay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Abwaan sii waday in ay ku nool yihiin saboolnimo. Bilowga ee 1886 Drozhzhin ugu danbeyn ku soo laabtay tuuladii uu ka Nizovka. Halkan, wuxuu iska gebi ahaanba u huray in suugaanta, iyo sidoo kale shaqada beeraha. L. N. Tolstoy fuliyo go'aanka, kaas oo qaaday Spiridon Dmitrievich Drozhzhin. Homeland, wuxuu aaminsan yahay, dhiiri karaa Abwaan in guulaha cusub.

Shirkii Leo Tolstoy iyo R. M. Rilke

Drozhzhin kulmay Lvom Nikolaevichem laba jeer, in 1892 iyo 1897. Gabayaaga in booliska tuulada helay surveillance qarsoodi ah, oo ma ka hortagi doonaan inuu u sameeyo. Tartiib tartiib noqdo gabayaa iyo aad u badan oo caan ah Spiridon Dmitrievich Drozhzhin. Uu Biography sida calaamad dhacdo muhiim ah in 1900: yimid R. in Nizovka Rilke, Abwaan Austria weyn. Waxa uu turjumay gabayo Jarmal Spyridon 4 Dmitrievich.

buugaagta New, hagaajinta xaaladda dhaqaale

Mid ka mid kale oo tobanka sano ee hore ee qarnigii 20-daba iman buugaagta soo socda Drozhzhina: 1904 - "gabayo New" ee 1906 - "ridayeen Sanadka" ee 1907 - "Songs urursan" ee 1909 - "New Ruush Song" iyo "Bayan" . Circle "Writers dadka" ee December 1903 ku bixisay fiidkii ee Moscow, ka go'an in ay sanad guurada soddonaad hawlaha hal abuur Drozhzhina. Isla sanadkaas uu hawlgabka (180 rubles sano ah, nolosha) ayaa loo magacaabay.

In 1904 wuxuu qoray gabay caan ah "Homeland" Spiridon Dmitrievich Drozhzhin. Qoraagu wuxuu had iyo jeer waa dareen gaar ah iska lahaa dalka halkaas oo uu ku dhashay. Tani waa mawduuca badan shuqulladiisa.

In 1905 wuxuu noqday xubin Drozhzhin abaabulan ee Jaamacadda Moscow Society of Lovers of Suugaanta Ruush. Oo 1910, on 29 December, waxa uu ku guuleystay Academy Ruushka of Sciences. Its size waa 500 rubles. Waxaa la guddoonsiiyey for uruuriyaa Drozhzhinov 1907-09. October 19, 1915, kitaab kale Spyridon Dmitrievich, "Songs of falaa jir" (daabacay 1913), waxaa lagu abaal by Academy of Sciences. Drozhzhin abaal dib u eegista "Pushkin".

xukun dagaalka gumeystaha iyo taageero ah ee Kacaanka Oktoobar

Nolosha tuulada, Spyridon D. ula socoto dhacdooyinka muhiimka ah ee nolosha bulshada. Wuxuu ka mid ahaa qorayaasha Ruush yar, kuwaas oo si kulul u cambaareeyay dagaal u gumeystaha noqday. In 1916, waxaa jiray gabay Drozhzhina "Down la dagaalka!". dhacdooyinka Her lagu hoobtay ee 1914 loo yaqaan "relic ah ficillada xun ee aan dhab ahayn" in uu xasuus qor Spiridon Dmitrievich Drozhzhin.

Uu Biography by ansaxinta of October Revolution ah, taas oo ah gabayaa 69-sano jir ah lagu calaamadeeyay kulmay farxad. Waxa uu si degdeg ah waxay bilaabeen inay ka qayb qaataan adeega bulshada. Drozhzhin ahaa xubin ka mid ah gudiga fulinta ee kalaab, uu u safray dalka oo dhan, dadka deegaanka akhri shuqulladiisa. Abwaan 1919 noqday guddoomiyaha Congress-proletarians Qorayaasha 'ee gobolka Tver ah. gabayo Spiridona Dmitrievicha Drozhzhina sii waday in ay la daabacay print.

"Songs shaqada iyo halganka"

In 1923 wuxuu u muuqday inuu ururinta cinwaan looga dhigay "Songs shaqada iyo halganka." Waxa uu si degdeg ah calaamadeeyay labada dabbaaldegyada Abwaan - sanad guuradii 75aad ee uu ku dhashay iyo sannadguuradii 50aad ee ka hawl hal abuur leh. Munaasabadda oo timir ah, kuwaas oo Spyridon D. loo doortay xubin sharafeed ka mid ah ka dibna Ruush Midowga of Poets. Intaa waxaa dheer, magaca maktabadda tixraaca Drozhzhina muuqday Tver. 5 sano ka dib, oo ku beegnaa guuradii 80aad, Spyridon D. helay hambalyo ah Academy USSR ee Sciences. Waxaa la saxiixay by Madaxweynaha A. P. Karpinskim,.

sano ee la soo dhaafay ee uu noloshiisa

Drozhzhin September 28, 1928, ayaa la kulmay Maxim Gorky ee Moscow. Sanadihii la soo dhaafay ee uu noloshiisa Spyridon D. shaqeeyay on the compilations soo socda: "Songs" (daabacay 1928), "Way-jidka" iyo "ridayeen Songs" (labada - 1929). "Songs of ridayeen ah," waxay ahaayeen buug gabayaa ee la soo dhaafay ayaa daabacay in uu noolaa. Sidoo kale Drozhzhin darbay daabacaadda afarta-mugga "Works Buuxi." Intaa waxaa dheer, haddana wuxuu keenay "Notes ku saabsan nolosha iyo gabayada" ilaa 1930.

Abwaan dhintay in uu u dhashay Nizovka da'da 82. Tani waxay soo gebogebeeyay Biography ka Spiridona Dmitrievicha Drozhzhina. Si kooban aan haddana ku saabsan dhaxalkiisa hal abuur leh.

Features iyo qiimaha abuurista Drozhzhina

Carro iyo gurigii ay Abwaan noolaa inta badan naftiisa, 1938, waxaa lagu wareejiyay tuulada Zavidovo (gobolka Kalinin). Waxaa jira matxaf xusuus Abwaan, iyo halka kooxo badan oo tayo maanta yimaadaan.

Jidka Creative Spyridon Dmitrievich ahaa mid aad u dheer, in ka badan 60 sano. Waxa uu sidoo kale ahaa cajiib ah oo abaal marin. Drozhzhin soo saaray intii uu noolaa collection of 32, 20 kuwaas oo - ilaa 1917. Waa in la ogaadaa in aayaadka Spiridona Dmitrievicha Drozhzhina guud ahaan suugaan sinnayn. xirfad iyo talanti asalka ah ha ahaatee oo laga helay qaybta ugu fiican ee dhaxalkooda qoraaga this. In shaqada saamayn Drozhzhina ka mid ah gabayayaashiinnu sida Nekrasov, Koltsov iyo Nikitin. In dhowr of shuqullada, uu ka tirsan sannadaha 80-90-th, axdiga uugu gabayada Nadsona S. Ya daacadda, Ukaalmayn, daacadda iyo xog -. Kuwanu waa sifooyinka in calaamadeeyay gabay Spiridona Dmitrievicha Drozhzhina. Waxaa la odhan karaa waa gabayaa ahaa nolosha ridayeen. Taasi waa sida uu qeexay nuxurka uu xirfad leh talaabooyinka u horeeya ee suugaanta ( "My Muse", 1875).

Tiro ka mid ah shuqullada Abwaan galay hiddaha ah ( "Songs shaqaalaha", "Song of askariga"). Qaar badan oo ka mid ah gabayo dem bay ahaayeen oo si music by composers sida V. Ziering, Evseev, A. Cherniavsky, N. Potolovsky, Lashek F. et al. F. I. Shalyapin sameeyaa laba songs on gabayo Abwaan sida Drozhzhin Spiridon Dmitrievich .

Biography dadka waaweyn iyo caruurta ee ku xusan qodobkan siinayaa oo kaliya faham maqaar saar ah oo uu shaqada. Waxaa aad u fiican in maansooyinkii si toos loola hadlo, si ay u fahmaan macnaha iyo muuqaalada gabayada Spyridon Dmitrievich.