Armand de Caulaincourt, diblomaasi Faransiiska. "Duulaankii of Russia Napoleon ee"

Armand de Caulaincourt - ciidamada Faransiiska iyo hogaamiye siyaasadeed wanaagsan ee loo yaqaan for inuu Xusuusqorkan, heegan u ah ololaha Napoleon ee Russia, iyo sidoo kale saaxiib dhow la ah madaxda labada Rayaale weyn, kuwaas oo isugu timaadaan 1812 in dagaal lagu hoobtay.

Childhood iyo nolosha hore

Aabbaha lataliyaha mustaqbalka ee Napoleon iyo Wasiirka Arrimaha Dibadda Faransiiska ahaa ee ciidamada iyo qoyskiisa ku noolaa qalcaddii la iska dhaxlo Caulaincourt in dhulka waaxda Aisne. Ninth bishii December 1773 oo uu dhaxalka lahaa dheer la sugayay waxa uu ku dhashay. Wiil ayaa waxaa la odhan jiray Armand.

Tan iyo markii qoyska ahaa oo sharaf leh, ilmahaagu helay waxbarashada guriga, iyo kaliya in 1778 Armand de Caulaincourt, ka dib markii wadadii aabbihiis, bilaabay waddada military uu. At da'da shan iyo toban, wiilkii waa ku qoran guutada qalaad boqornimada iyo awr la darajo ah ee gaarka loo leeyahay. At lix iyo toban iyo badh Caulaincourt hore u ahaa Sarreeye labaad, iyo in 1791 adeegay sidii adjutant Aabihiis.

cadaadis

1792 keenay ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa ma aha oo kaliya dhacdooyinka farxadda, laakiin sidoo kale in dhibaato halis ah. Marka hore, wuxuu u dallacsiiyey in taliyuhu uu kabtanka, ka dibna si lama filaan ah soo saaray ciidanka. Sababta in uu ahaa horyaalka ee ku abtirsan in uu keeno shaki ka mid ah dowladda Faransiiska kacaan, oo wakhtigaas oo kaliya dhicin dagaal kula Austria oo qaatay madaxda sare ee militariga si aad u nadiifiso.

Laakiin Armand de Caulaincourt aan ahaa mid ka mid ah kuwa la siiyo ilaa si fudud. Isla sanadkaas wuxuu ka codsaday Ilaalada Qaranka ee hoos Paris (ee laanta ah ee Laanqeyrta Cas) ku saabsan xuquuqda mutadawiciin ah, oo aad u dhakhsaha badan, isagoo helay kalsoonida si uu u hoggaamiyo, noqday saajin ka tirsan mid ka mid ah guuto PSG. Next Caulaincourt dhacay galay madaxda sare ee grenadiers ah, oo wax yar ka dib - dhawraya faras. Waxa ay u muuqataa in wax walba si habsami leh u baxay, laakiin ka dibna mar kale Garaacay asal laandheere. Ka fiirsaneysa ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa waa mid aad ka shakiyaan, wuxuu mar kale la xiray oo lagu tuuray oo xabsi ah, taas oo uu, si kastaba ha ahaatee, ugu dhakhsaha badan ku soo orday.

fiicnaan

iyadoo 1794 mustaqbalkiisa Caulaincourt si dhakhso ah u dhaco taag. In hal sano oo keliya uu gaadhay darajo ah taliyaha koox dad ah ka mid ah guutada iyo awr, adeegaya ee guud isla adjutant Ober Dubail (saaxiib dhow ee qoyska). In 1796-m Ober Duban noqday ambassador ee Constantinople, iyo Armand de Caulaincourt soo socota.

In Fratsiyu askari dhalinyaro ah ku soo laabtay 1797-m oo u adeegta sida kaaliyaha guud ee ciidanka oo ka mid ah Meuse iyo Sambre. Markaasaa waxaa Jarmalka, Mayan, iyo Rhine Army. naxa Caulaincourt darajo ee kornayl, wuxuu ku amray ciidankii ah carabineers. Ka qeyb dagaallada stock iyo hoos Venheymom. Inta lagu jiro ee la soo dhaafay uu laba jeer ku dhaawacmay, laakiin saamiyada ayaa weli aan. Its share sidoo kale ku dhacay intii lagu guda jiray dagaalkii iyo mooskirchen Nersheyme.

duushay

In 1799 ee France waxaa lagu afgembiyey Directory iyo dhab bilaabay xilligii Napoleonic. Bonaparte weli ma boqor noqday (waxan keliya oo dhici doona 1804), laakiin waxa uu ahaa qunsulka ugu horeysay oo ciyaaray door weyn nolosha dadweynaha.

Xilligan waxa uu ahaa dhab ahaan duushay mustaqbalkiisa Caulaincourt. Oo dadkii oo dhammu ay u bacdi ee saaxiib kale oo jirka ka mid ah qoyska mahad - ". Wasiirka Arrimaha Dibadda Faransiiska" Talleyrand, kuwaas oo ka yar Napoleon shaqeeyay darajo of Ninkan u suurtagashay in ay leeyihiin waxaa proteges tageen St. Petersburg la hambalyo ka Napoleon in Alexander the Great, oo carshiga ku yimid.

Booqashada bilaabay in 1801-m oo ku dhamaaday 1802-m. Waayo, sannaddii ee Russia Caulaincourt qudhiisu ingratiate karaa Alexander, oo sidaas "ayaa cambaareeyay" isu on naxariista Napoleon, shugri badan isaga loogu adeeg wanaagsan.

On uu ka soo laabtay diblomaasi guul noqday adjutant ah Napoleon, iyo ugu dhakhsaha badan uu ku aaminay shaqo ee baarista ah xeryaha qunsuliyada sharafeed.

Wax yar ka dib, Caulaincourt, kuwaas oo weli soddon ma sano jir, gacmahooda helay on amarka ciidankii ka mid ah awr ciidanka reer Rhine ah.

dhaawac halis ah in sumcadda

In sano ee u dabbaaldegaan, in carshiga Imperial ee Napoleon la Armand de Caulaincourt dhacay sheekada xun. Amarka ayaa isaga baray in ay soo wareejiyaan of fariin Baden amiirka ka kooban codsi si ay u milmaan in cutub military Baden. In edbinta in ay jirto wax qalad ah, laakiin qabanqaabiyeyaasha dambiga loo isticmaalo Duke sida daah. Waxa uu la afduubay iyo Caulaincourt loo arkay inay ku lug leh kiiska si toos ah.

Colonel-SAMIDA kagama ka dib markii jab xun. Laakiinse indhaha uu ugu jecel yahay in dhaceen Napoleon. Emperor qirtay fikradda ah in Caulaincourt fudud duniyooyinka. Bonaparte kalsooni ka muujiyay qiiro weyn iyo xayawaanka guriga lagu daro kormeerka xeryaha la soo dhaafay ku Aaminto gacanta ku dhaqmayo of aadaab in maxkamadda Imperial.

Allabaryo magaca adeegga

Adeegga maxkamadda ku faansheen wax aan waxba tarayn Armand de Caulaincourt, kuwaas oo in 1805 loo dalacsiiyay guud waaweyn ka dibna waxaa la guddoonsiiyey ah Order Imperial sharafeed. Laakiin guulaha xirfadiisa sare sida, hoogtay, ma aan wax khasaare ah. Location Bonaparte ahaa mid qaali ah, oo mid ka mid ah shuruudaha ay waxaa Caulaincourt farqiga naagtii uu jeclaa oo la.

Napoleon hogaansamey caadooyinka ganacsade ah anshax, ma furriin salaamay. Gabadhii A of sharaf at Madame de Canisius Empress waxaa furay. Caulaincourt runtii doonayo in uu guursado, laakiin kari waayay.

Inta u dhaxaysa Napoleon iyo Alexander

In mid ka mid ah dagaallada Arman uu hadhaysay by Napoleon ee nasashada ee kubada madfac ah, oo boqor ka noqday Raalli ahaanshaha dheeraad ah ee uu isku horfadhiyaan. Oo wuxuu isaga siiyey dukedom ah, iyo in 1807, Caulaincourt helay booska cusub - "Ambassador France ee Russia. "Waa run in in waddani St. Petersburg ee dalka hooyo ma uu wada gubi doonayo inuu tago, laakiin kuma ay dhicin inay ku Cassiyaanna Bonaparte.

In Russia, Arman shan sanno ku qaatay, oo sannadood oo dhan isku dayaya in ay joojiyaan wixii la eegan soo socda - dagaal u dhexeeya labada Rayaale. Markaasaa Aleksanderos, oo wuxuu noqday mid aad u dhow, iyo Napoleon Caulaincourt qoto dheer ixtiraamo oo la jecel yahay. Tani waxay isaga reebay qaadan wax dhinac. Waxa uu ku heshiiyeen in ay soo basaasaan, waayo, France, sida ay u codsadaan Bonaparte, laakiin basaas Alexander bixiyo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxa aan ula kac loo dhacay - qof kuwaasoo la Duke ku soo bandhigay boqor Ruush, uu sokoeye muddo dheer Tayleran, dhintay saameynta ay Alexander oo sheegay isaga in warbixin qiimo leh ka soo maxkamadda Faransiis.

Caulaincourt si joogta ah ayaa wadahadalo kula jiray Napoleon on ogolaan dagaalka, iyo ugu danbeyn gooyo go'aansaday in Tsar Ruushka isaga qorteen. Natiijada waxa ay aheyd istiqaalad ka post ee qunsulka of Duke ah. Caulaincourt soo laabtay France ee 1811.

War of 1812

Oo 1812 weli dagaalka ka qarxay, iyo Duke mar kale ku jiray Russia. hadda oo kaliya in doorka diblomaasi ma aha, sida degan.

uu waqtiga oo dhan ku dhawaad ku xigta qaatay in Napoleon, iyo sii waday in ay ka hadlaan ka dhanka ah talaabo military. Marka ay tani ka dhacay joogitaanka Alexander the Great, inta lagu guda jiro wada xaajoodka. Bonaparte ahaa sidaas u cadhooday uu hakadgeliyay, ma la hadli isaga la isbuucyo yar. Oo xataa tusay naxariis geeridii ku timid walaalkiis ka yar Caulaincourt oo dagaalka ku jira ee Borodino.

Mar kale isu keenay ee Emperor iyo Duke of iyaguba wada khibrad: maalmood kacsan qaatay in caasimadda ah ee Russia, gubasho, iyo guriga soo laabtay ka dibna inglorious.

dagaalka ka dib,

The War of 1812 dhamaatay aad u xun, waayo, France iyo Napoleon qudhiisa. Sida aad ogtahay, in lagu qasbay inay tagayno ay guushu ku wiilkiisa. Laakiin xitaa Caulaincourt sugayay boost. Xitaa sida boqor, Bonaparte waqti si aad ballan u muhiim ah, oo uu ugu jecel yahay ahaa post halis ah - ". Wasiirka Arrimaha Dibadda Faransiiska" In xilkaan, waxa uu si joogta ah uu hogaaminayo wadahadalo nabadeed, oo ka baryay Alexander inay go'doon Napoleon ee jasiiradda of Elba , halkii ay dhimasho tahay.

Ka gaabin ee Bonaparte saameyn wanaagsan ku Caulaincourt nolosha shakhsiga ah. Waxa uu ugu dambeyntii awooday in ay guursadaan oo uu jecel yahay.

Ma u saameeyeen ee Duke iyo dib u soo celinta - hal kasta mid ka mid ah guryaha uu ku sii hadhay isaga oo leh. Malaha, oo intaasu waxay ahayd natiijada xiriirka diiran la gooyo Ruush.

Laakiin ugu dhakhsaha badan naxariista maxkamadda Faransiis Caulaincourt laga badiyay. The boqorka cusub ka dhigay kan u diiday jagooyinka oo dhan. Wasiirka Duke ahaa ilaa 1814.

"Qiyaame" iyo dayrta

Maalintii ugu horraysay ee guga 1815, Napoleon soo laabtay France oo bilaabay inuu mar kale u taliyo. A heerka koowaad diblomaasi Faransiis mar kale isaga qudhiisu helay kursi Wasiirka Arrimaha Dibadda ee. Waxa uu sii waday inuu ku soo shirtagi in ay line, oo la isku dayayaan in ay isu bahaysanaya Bonaparte oo isaga dulmiyey Europe. Laakiin si kama taro. Napoleon uu doonayay dagaal jecel, iyo wadamada Yurub doonayso ugu dambeyntii laga takhaluso isaga, taas oo ugu danbeyn ku dhacay ee - Bonaparte waayay dagaal ee la soo dhaafay.

In June 1815 Caulaincourt noqday asaaga ah France, iyo in July ku soo laabtay carshiga Bourbons ah. Napoleon waxaa dejiyey. Tan iyo markii uu ku soo laabtay dayrta ahaa dhab ahaan mid ka mid ah boqol maalmood.

Armand ayaa la xiray, laakiin mar kale waxa uu ka caawiyay hal Ruushka - gooyo. Dalabka inuu u dhaqaaqo St. Petersburg Caulaincourt diiday dhiman cimrigiisa uu ku noolaa guriga, mar dambe ma ay degan jagooyinka sare oo si buuxda go'doonka ka ah siyaasadda.

waqti badan u huray in qoraal-qorka uu ku saabsan dagaalka ka kow iyo toban sannadood ( "Napoleon ee duulaanka of Russia). Waxa uu ku dhintay 1827, sagaal iyo tobnaad ee bishii Febraayo. Isla mar uu dhintay wuxuu ahaa saddex iyo konton sannadood.

Armand de Caulaincourt: "Napoleon ee duulaanka of Russia" (quusiyay)

In qorkiisa uu ku saabsan dagaalka kula Russia, author of Xusuusqorkan ku tilmaamay dhacdooyinkii sano kuwa faahfaahinta ugu yar. Close in Napoleon, wuxuu ahaa maalintii oo dhan, sidaas darteed waqti aad u fiican fiiriyaa qofku shakhsiyadiisu iyo Tuuray galku uu warqad.

Intaa waxaa dheer sifooyinka Bonaparte ay joogaan in xasuus iyo sheekooyin dheriyada kale oo waa weyn ciidanka Faransiiska, sidoo kale ku saabsan Alexander.

Hogaamiyaha An military khibrad leh, ma aha oo kaliya qeexayaa dagaalka, laakiin sidoo kale ka shaqeeya gorfaynta, hadalka ku saabsan sababaha cudurka dillaacay of colaad iyo dhammaadka dulleeya in ay Faransiis.

qorkiisa ku qoran Armand de Caulaincourt aad u firfircoon, fududahay in la akhriyo. Waayo, markii ugu horeysay ee buugga waxaa la daabacay kaliya ee 1833, oo waa il muhiim u ah taariikhyahanadu, laakiin sidoo kale dhammaan kuwa xiiso dagaalka Napoleon la Russia, oo baabbi'iyeen boqor weyn.