Atkinson wareeg ku dhaqanka. Atkinson engine wareegga sida ay

engine sari Gudaha isticmaalo in baabuur for qarnigii a. Guud ahaan, mabda'a ay hawlgalka ayaa lagu sameeyay isbedel weyn tan iyo bilowgii sii daayo. Laakiin sida engine this leedahay wax badan oo cillado, injineerada ha joojiyaan in ay ku abuurta tabo cusub in la hagaajiyo engine. Ina keena aynu u noqon oo ka mid ah, oo la yidhaahdo wareegga Atkinson ah. Maanta, waxaad maqli karo in loo isticmaalo in baabuur qaar ka mid ah. Laakiin waxa uu yahay, iyo sida engine helo si fiican isaga kula hadlo?

Atkinson wareegga

Nikolaus Otto, injineer ka Germany, soo jeediyay in 1876 wareegga ah oo ka kooban:

• gelitaanka,
• riixo;
• stroke,
• sii daayo.

Toban sano kaddib, hindisa Ingiriisi ah Dzheyms Atkinson u horumariyo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, si ay u fahmaan si faahfaahsan, waxa la odhan karaa waa mid aad u asalka ah nooca wareegga Atkinson.

matoorada sari Gudaha yihiin tayo kala duwan. Ka dib oo dhan, crankshaft ah waxaa mowjadda dhibcood lifaaqa, jidaynayey khasaaraha tamarta iyada oo khilaaf waa la dhimay, iyo ratio riixo ah u korodho.

Sidoo kale, waxaa ka soo qayb galay wajiga kale qaybinta gaaska. On engine a caadiga ah qalab ku xiran yahay si degdeg ah ka dib markii dhibic dhintay marayay. nidaamka A duwan yahay wareegga Atkinson. Waxaa stroke si xooga dheer, tan iyo markii uu biiyaha xirmin kaliya nuskii qalab xarunta dhintay top (halkaas oo horeba waa riixo Otto).

Fikrad hufan wareegga Otto Atkinson qiyaastii boqolkiiba toban. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxa aan la isticmaalo muddo dheer, ku dhaqanka, ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqda ah in uu awoodo in uu u shaqeeyo in hab qalliinka oo kaliya marka xawaare sare. Intaa waxaa loo baahan yahay supercharger farsamo, taas oo mararka qaarkood loo yaqaan oo dhan this "wareegga Atkinson-Miller". Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay u muuqataa in faa'iidooyinka horumarinta tixgeliyo badiyay isaga.

Sidaa darteed, in baabuurta wareegga Atkinson sida ku dhaqanka waxaa ku dhowaad ma isticmaalo. Laakiin in lagu daydo hybrid sida Prius Toyota ah, saarayaasha waxay bilaabeen inay u isticmaali xataa taxane. Tani waxaa loo sameeyey mahad suurto gal ah in howlgal gaar ah oo ka mid ah noocyada kala duwan ee matoorada: gaari xawaare yar yahay dhaqdhaqaaqa ay sabab u tahay kala jar korontada inta lagu guda jiro dardargelinta iyo kaliya badalato ilaa batroolka unit.

waqtiga

Asal Atkinson engine wareegga lahaa a weyn hab qaybinta gaaska, emitting buuq weyn. Laakiin marka, in helitaanka American Charles Knight halkii ka mid ah khaanadaha steel caadiga ah la drive a in la isticmaalo Fiilada gaar ah ee foomka of labo ka mid ah gacmo oo loo qoondeeyey waxa u dhexeeya dhululubo iyo qalab ah ugu mahad naqa, engine ku dhowaad joojiyay ka dhawaajinaya. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kakanaanta of design loo isticmaalo siiyey qaali, laakiin alaabooyinka ugu caansan baabuurta darawallada ay diyaar u yihiin bixiso sahlanaato this.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, mar hore in soddon jirka ahayd ee horumar waxaannu diiday, sababtoo ah matoorada waxay ahaayeen muddo kooban ah, iyo isticmaalka shidaalka iyo saliidda waa mid aad u weyn.

horumarinta Engine in goobtan waxaa loo yaqaan maanta - waxaa laga yaabaa in injineerada ay awood u takhaluso oo ka mid ah ceebaha of model ah by Charles Knight oo ay ka faa'iidaystaan noqon doonaa.

model Universal mustaqbalka

Currently, saarayaasha badan ayaa hore u soo koraya matoorrada universal, kaas oo la isku dari doono, iyo qaybaha awooda baatrool, iyo jar fiican iyo hufnaanta matoorada naaftada.

Marka tan la eegayo, xaqiiqda ah Jasad unugyada shidaalka mudo shidaalka si toos ah, soo gaadhay si a index riixo sare ee saddex iyo toban ama afar iyo toban cutub (in matoorada naaftada, heer tani waa wax yar ka badan toddoba iyo toban ama sagaal iyo toban) daliil tallaabo guul jihada this. xitaa ay u shaqeeyaan si la mid ah sida unugyada la suuroggalaan riixo. isku dar ah u shaqeeya oo kaliya waa in kiimikaysan gubta shumac.

In lagu daydo tijaabo ah riixo gaadhay sare - ilaa shan iyo toban ama lix iyo toban cutub. Laakiin ka hor inta ay auto-ka suuroggalaan ilaa heer gaaro. Laakiin laambadda naafo yahay in mooshin uniform, jidaynayey shido engine in ay hab la mid ah engine naaftada ah, oo gubtay, shidaal yar.

sari waxaa si elektaroonig nidaamiyo, dheellitirka ku xiran xaallada dibadda.

horumarinta ayaa sheeganaya in engine waa mid aad dhaqaale. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wax soo saarka mass ma aha cilmi ku filan ayaa la sameeyay.

The ratio riixo variable

tilmaame waa mid aad u muhiim ah. Ka dib markii xoogga hufnaan iyo kharashka waa si toos ah ay ku xidhan tahay heerka sare ah riixo. Dabcan, ma suurtowdo in aan xad lahayn loo kordhiyo. Sidaa darteed, markii qaar ka mid ah horumarinta ayaa joojiyay. Haddii kale waxaa jira halis ah qaraxa, taas oo keeni karta in ay dhaawac engine.

Gaar ahaan heerka this xoog ku muuqata in makiinado ay la supercharging. Ka dib oo dhan, ay kululeeyo dheeraad ah si xoog leh, oo sidaas daraaddeed boqolleyda itimaalka ee keenaysay qaraxa uu yahay mid si wayn sare. Sidaa darteed, ratio riixo mararka qaarkood loo baahan yahay si loo yareeyo, sababtoo ah taas, dabcan, iyo hoos u dhac ku oolnimada motor.

Sida habboon, ratio riixo waa in si habsami leh ku kala duwan yihiin sida function ka mid ah hab qalliinka iyo load ah. Horumarinta badan, laakiin ay aad u adag oo qaali yihiin.

halyeeyga Saab The

Natiijada ugu wanaagsan waxaa lagu gaari by shirkadda Saab, marka lagu sii daayay sanadkii 2000, engine shan dhululubo, taas oo ah at 1.6 litir mugga siiyey qiyaastii laba boqol iyo labaatan iyo shan iyo fardo. guusha Tani waxay maanta u muuqataa haboonayn.

engine wuxuu u qaybsan yahay laba qaybood, halkaas oo qaybo ka mid ah ku xiran yihiin midba midka kale by hab faseexad. Waxay ku taallaa hoos crankshaft ah, isku xidha ulood oo pistons, iyo sare - la madaxdii dhululubo. drive Haydarooliga waa inay awoodaan inay u janjeeri waslad madaxa dhululubo ah oo la beddelo ratio riixo marka wadista ee hawadda ka. Inkastoo waxtarka horumarka sidoo kale in dib loo dhigo sababtoo ah qiimaha sare ee dhismaha.

Ka fudud oo ka heli karo

Sidaas darteed, waxaannu ku tirinnaa karaa in engine in waddaa on wareegga Atkinson ah, ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaaray jidka horumar ah hab motor ee mustaqbalka. Waxa ay u muuqataa in horumar ku saleysan midba midka kale, ka engine sari gudaha doono, ugu dambaysta, si ay hab aan fiicnayn ee hawlgalka.