Booska juquraafi ah Urals gaarka ah iyo dhegyadii

Sida laga soo xigtay encyclopedia ah, Mountains Ural waa nidaam in kala qaybinaya bannaankii Bariga Yurub iyo West Siberian. Oo dhererkiisu ka badan 2,000 oo kiiloomitir, iyo sida ay ogaatay qaar ka mid ah, waana in ka badan 2500 km (Mugodzhary siiyey safafka si koonfureed iyo Faacuu-Khoi ee waqooyiga). width ee kala duwan oo buurta waa 40-200 km.

sifooyinka Guud

Mountains Ural ayaa ka mid ah kuwa ugu qadiimiga ah ee caalamka waa. Taasi waa sababta ay ka hooseeya geedka kokaha ama Tibet yihiin. Age Urals leedahay in ka badan 600 oo milyan oo sano. Inta lagu jiro mudada dheer halkii sarkhaansan yihiin roobka, dabaysha tiixtiix iyo dhul uu muhiimad baabbi'iyey. booska juquraafi ahaaneed ee Urals waa mid aad u gaar ah sida in qodobada siyaasadeed iyo dhaqaale ee view. Laakiin dheeraad ah oo ku hoos. Meesha waa mid aad u hodan ku ah macdanta, waxaa la helay kayd oo naxaas ah, titanium, magnesium, saliid, dhuxusha, bauxite, iyo kuwa kale. Guud ahaan, waxaa jira lixdan culimada muhiim ah senti iyo macdan yihiin.

History of daahfurka

Sida laga soo xigtay taariikhda rasmiga ah, Mountains Ural ah ayaa la helay iyo wakhtiyadii hore. Isla mar ahaantaana, saynisyahano tixraac diiwaanka iyaga oo ku saabsan in qoraallada Giriigga. Waxay ku hadlaan buuraha Rhipaean (ama Riphaeus) Imaus iyo Hyperborean. Maanta waa wax aan macquul aheyn si loo ogaado waxa qayb ka mid ah aqoonyahaniinta Urals odhan Rome iyo Greece qadiimiga ah, maxaa yeelay, sheeko deeqsinimo ah, Dharkeeda warkii kala duwan cirfiid, halyeeyada, iyo xataa warkii Cade. iyagu weligayo in meelahan, laakiin maqlay iyaga oo ku saabsan afka saddexaad ka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii aad aaminsan tahay ee halyeeyada ah dadyowga ku nool Urals ah, dadka degeen dhulka this muddo dheer ka hor u kaca ee Giriigii hore. Later ilo Arab sheego oo ku saabsan dalka Yugra ah, halkaas oo ay dadku ku nool yihiin Jacka. Sidoo kale in Urals ku saynisyahano u yeelaan sharaxaada dalalka sida Bulgaria, Visa, Yajuji, Ma'jooj iyo kuwa kale. In dhammaan ilaha Carabta ayaa sheegaya in deegaannada ay deggan yihiin dad aad u kululayd, sidaas daraaddeed waxay xiran yihiin in dadka musaafiriinta ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxay sidoo kale ku sheeg cimilada adag ee dalalkaas, kaas oo sidoo kale loo fasiri karaa in guushu Urals ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, inkastoo ay xaqiiqooyinkani, iyo baayacmushtariyaashii Carabta halkan, awelna loola sida dukhsiga in malab, iyo tani waa ay sabab u tahay hodantinimada maabalka, iyo sidoo kale cusbo. Waxyaabahani la odhan karaa lacagta ugu weyn ee qarniyadii dhexe, ay soo xigatay dhagaxyo aan ka yarayn oo qaali ah, iyo dahab. Ilo Ruush sheegan in, tan iyo 12-13 qarniyo, meelaha kuwanu waxay ahaayeen Horseedka our, kuwaas oo siiyey magaca dhagax buurta maxaliga ah. Laakiin tan iyo qarnigii 17aad iyadoo gacanta iftiin V. Tatishchev ay loo yaqaan Urals ah.

Europe ama Asia

Haddaba bal aynu eegno waxa ay tahay jagada juquraafi ahaaneed ee Urals ah. xigtaa Tani waa xuduudda caadiga ah ee u dhexeeya Europe iyo Asia, ee laba dhismo weyn ee dhulka udubyadiisa, iyo sidoo kale barkadaha biyaha saafiga ah ee ugu weyn. booska juquraafi ahaaneed ee Urals waa si dhab ah u gaar ah, waxaa la Wall Great ee Shiinaha, kaliya derbigan taagay ay dabiicadda ka barbar dhigi karaa. Waxay kala qaybiyey dadkii la dhaqamada soo horjeeda: mentalities bariga iyo galbeedka. Inkastoo ay dhacdo in this waa ay adag tahay si loo ogaado taas oo hore u yimid. Haddii "daah dhagaxa" go'ay ogol yahay in ay koraan laba dalagga, ka ilaalinta in midba midka kale, ama labadaba dadka loo isticmaalaa in lagu qabto taariikhda caadi ah iyo qiyamka falsafada, iyo dambe ee qaarada Yurub waxaa la hoos geliyey saamayn ka baxsan, iyo wax kasta oo aasaas bedelay. Dhammaan qiimaha foorari jeestay: white ahaa madow iyo madow - white ... Xaaladdan oo kale, log ugu da'da weyn badbaadiyey dadyowga Oriental ka soo furtay cadowga dibadda in muddo ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ee duni caalimiga, ma caqabad dhagax ma joojin doono "qiyamka dimoqraadiga ah" iyo liberalism soo rogay by dhaqanka Yurub. Sida uu sheegaayo in xayaysiinta? Haddii aadan isticmaali budada ha "hir," ka dibna waxaan u tegi idiin? .. Sida aad arki karto, meesha uu gaar juquraafi ahaaneed ee Urals ah ma aha oo kaliya asal ahaan, siyaasad ahaan iyo dhaqaale, laakiin sidoo kale dhaqanka.

ishaartay dadyowga

gobolka Ural by tiro le'eg yihiin magaalooyinkiinna, dadweynaha, iyo sidoo kale awood dhaqaale waxa hadda loo labaad oo kaliya in ay Dhexe. booska juquraafi ahaaneed ee Urals ka qayb qaatay in xaqiiqda ah in waxa ay noqotay wajiyo a dabiiciga ah ee hirarka badan guureen. Sayidka, ka sahamiyayaal Ruush, dhaqaaqin xagga bari, isku dayayaan in ay raadiso ku jiifsataa dhulka hooseeya la baas sahlan ee "Stone Belt" iyo dadyowga steppe ka qayb ka mid ah Asia ee qaaradda ka, doonaya inay galbeed iyo wajahay this caqabad dabiiciga lahaa si ay u tagaan oo ku wareegsan iyo xagga koonfureed iyo. Oo qaar badan oo iyaga ka mid ah xitaa degeen at cagta ee Mountains Ural ah. Tani waxay fasireysaa kala duwanaanshaha jinsi ee gobolka. Urals noqday ishaartay for dalal badan. Waxaa oo dhan ka North Eurasia kala firdhiyey dadyowga of qoyska afka Ural-Yukaghir. Maanta waxaa ku badan dadka Ruush - 80%, laakiin gobolka Ural sidoo kale waa guriga u Bashkirs, tataarka, Udmurt, Chuvash, Mordovian, Mari, Komi-Permian, iyo kuwa kale.

Fiiri map-ka

xaaladda dhaqaalaha iyo juquraafi ahaaneed ee Urals ah waa mid gaar ah, sida waxa uu ku yaalaa on soohdinta reer horumarinta dhaqaalaha qayb (European) ee qaaradda iyo waxyaabaha la cayriin (bari). Sidaas darteed, gobolka waa web murgiyey waddooyinka, tareennada, dhuumaha iyo khadadka korontada. Dhamaan jidadka waaweyn, kuwaas oo link Urals la Gobolka Volga ah, gobolada Volga-Vyatka iyo West Siberian of our dalka, iyo sidoo kale la Kazakhstan. Waxaa la fahamsan yahay in degaanka ee Mountains Ural iyo gobolka Ural ma aha isku mid ilaa xad ah. Ina keena aynu arag waxa uu yahay in la gartaa. Tusaale ahaan, buurta u dhaxeysa Subpolar iyo gobollada Polar ma ku jiraan ay ka kooban, laakiin sidaas ma aha on the Urals bannaanka piedmont (tani waa ku laayeen bari ee bannaanka Bariga Yurub) iyo Trans (geesta galbeed ee Bannaankii West Siberian).

smithy All-Ruush

Ural waa mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu da'da weyn ee warshadda macdan qodista ee dhulkeenna. Ma aha la yaab leh, sababtoo ah waxaa jira lacag dhigaal ah oo dhagaxyo qaali ah, iyo semi-qaali ah, alexandrite iyo aquamarine, garnets iyo safayr, sumurud, iyo luul, iyo tobasiyos, iyo dhagaxii weynaa crystal, malachite iyo Jade. Dalcadaha bari ee Mountains Ural ah, kuwaas oo wakiil dhagaxyada igneous, aad buu hodan u ah ee kala duwan oo ka mid ah macdanaha iron ore. Sidaas daraaddeed, in berrin bannaan ee biraha non-ferrous iyo ferrous mahad waxaa rahan iyo in la horumariyo industry ee Urals ah. Copper, bir ah, chromium, nickel, cobalt, aluminium, ore zinc, platina, dahab - ma aha liis dhamaystiran oo larder dabiiciga ah, ku urursan buuraha kuwan. Waa in la ogaadaa in xigtaa juquraafi Ural loo qaybin karaa shan qaybood. Ina keena aynu si kooban u baari mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah.

booska juquraafi ahaaneed ee Urals Polar ah

Tani waxay qayb ka mid ah oo kala duwan oo buurta ku yaalaa Banaan Yamalo-Nenets ku Okrug iyo Republic Komi ah. gobollada oo soohdintu waxay maraa qaybi ugu weyn, kaas oo la kala soocay barkadaha umuliya (bari) iyo Pechora (galbeed). Stoke waqooyiga account dalcadaha for Baidarata Bay Arctic Ocean. In Urals Polar ah waxaa ku badan safafka buurta la height ah 800-1200 m, iyo danbow ugu sareeya (Mount Salaadu) gaaraan 1,500 m. Dhab ahaantii, asal ahaan ay, goobtan qaadataa hooseeyo a dushiisa Konstantinov Kamen (wadarta 492 m). Buuraha si weyn u kordhiyaa jihada a koofureed - ilaa 1350 height m ugu badan ee focus ee qaybta koonfureed (oo ku saabsan 65 ° N ..), halkaas oo gaartay sare ee Shacabka (1894 m.) - meesha ugu sarreysa ka mid ah Urals oo dhan.

Iyadoo loolka isla Polar Ural si weyn u balaariyay - ilaa 125 km - iyo jeexo Ayaa galay 5-6 tiixtiix isku midka ah. Koonfurta aagga this fog galbeed jihada of Pechora guuray kala duwan oo buurta Saber (1425 m).

Urals Polar

Laga bilaabo ka soo diyaariyeen aagga Saber iyo darfihiisa vertex Konzhakovskiy Kamen, height of taas oo ah 1569 m. Dhan ee qaybtii this fidiyaa si sax ah oo ay la socdaan suusho in ay 59 °. w., taas oo ay go'aamiso ay ku taalo juqraafi ahaan. Polar Urals ka kooban yahay inta badan ee laba tiixtiix gaadhya. East waa lagu qaybsanyahay ah, waxaa loo yaqaan Poyasovoy Stone. West Ridge lagu yaqaan buurta laba-madax Telpos-Out, ama Stone of dabaylaha. Sarajooggeeduna waa 1617 m. The Alpine , togaga ee Urals Polar aan waa wax caadi ah, inta badan danbow uu leeyahay qaab qubbad.

booska juquraafi ahaaneed ee Urals Dhexe

Goobtani waxa lagu gartaa danbow ugu hooseeya. Waxaa been u dhexeeya 59 iyo 56 degrees loolka woqooyi. Si adag stretch waqooyi-koonfur ee suunka buurta waxaa lagu bedelaa koonfur-bari. Wada jir ah ula Koonfurta, Rafaa Ural Sredniy foomamka arc ah kooxda convex jeeda xagga bari, iyo xidhaa banka Ufimskoe (Eastern madal protrusion Ruush). Its xadka waqooyiga waxaa loo arkaa buuraha Konzhakovsky Stone iyo Kosvinsky Kamen, iyo koonfurta - buurta Utah (gobolka Chabrovsk). Celcelis ahaan, ay height kama badna 800 oo mitir. Xagga galbeed, si ay buurta ka Urals Dhexe jaarka Urals buur ah. In this gobolka climatically wanaagsan ee nin ka badan Polar. Halkan dheer oo xagaaga diiran. Celceliska heerkulka in July ee foothills of 16-18 °. cagta ee buuraha waqooyiga daboolay taiga koonfureed, iyo xagga koonfureed - kaynta-steppe.

Yuzhnyy Ural

peculiarity ee gobolka this waa in halkan buuraha si weyn mar kale ku koray. Tusaale ahaan, Iremel sare gaartay 1582kii m, oo sarajooggeeduna wuxuu Yamanatau - 1640 m dhuleed South Ural ka mid ah Ridge billaabay ka jurmala loolka woqooyi ugu sareeya iyo Ballaariyay in ay qayb ka. Wabiga Ural ee koonfurta. xigtaa qaybsadeen Uraltau wareejiyay galay jihada ah bari. Halkan xukumaan nooca gargaarka dhexe. In qayb axial bari galaa Zauralskaya, oo ah Caraabaah geesba hoose. Cimilada diiran yahay dhexe. Summer waa qalalan wata dabaylo kulul. Celceliska heerkulka in July ee foothills of 20-22 °.

Gebogebadii

Cayimayo ee goobaha juquraafi ahaaneed ee Urals ah waa in ay been on soohdinta ka mid ah qaybaha Asian iyo Yurub ee dalkeena. Intaa waxaa dheer, muuqaalada horumarinta dhulka of xigtaa this saameeyeen qaninimo gaar ah khayraadka macdanta ay. ilaa xad badan, zone-sare sare, farqiga qaybo bariga iyo galbeedka Urals ah, ee jiho oo kala duwan ee horumarka dhaqaale ee gobolka this ee kala duwanaanshaha weyn ee aagga muuqaalka dhaqaalaha iyo dabiiciga ah.