Calan - Waa kuma kan?

Inta badan dadka waxay leeyihiin xiriirka u lahayn in ay ciidanka, oo ku saabsan calanka wax fikrad ah oo aad u caddayn, kaas oo uu sameeyay ku saleysan daawashada musalsal TV ama mar maqlay anecdotes ah. Dadkaas iyaga ah, calan - at ugu fiican waa ka go-getter ku labisan, taas oo ay dhacdo "iyada seegi", iyo ugu xun - nooc ka mid ah cabbin beesho.

Laakiin xaqiiqadu wax waa kuwo kala duwan.

Calan: macnaha

taariikhda ee erayga "Sarreeye" ee taariikhda dib u af Church Slavonic, taas oo ah "calan" loo yaqaan banner. Sidaas awgeed, calan - nin sita calan. Laakiin ereyga "banner" waxaa laga calaamadii in "ogaado." Waxaa isaga ka yimid iyo erayada kale sida "hanti", "la yaqaan." Sidaa darteed, calanka - sifo waxaa ka taagay galay heerka calaamad, kaas oo qeexaya xubinimada cutubkan militari, ay "wejiga". Galaan dagaalka, caadiga ah u siday ahayd had iyo jeer ka hor ciidamada horumarinta, siday Raayada. Iyo in ay dhacdo khasaaro of banner dagaal of unit ciidamada oo uu ku lahaa, kala diro Dullayn. Sidaa darteed, waxaan ka dooro dadka ugu geesi ah oo xoog badan jir ahaan iyo damiir labadaba sida howlgalka Sharaf leh.

Calan sida darajo ciidan

darajo Military "Sarreeye" marka hore la soo bandhigay ee 1649 kii labaadna wuxuu ahaa boqorradii dalka guri ammaan Romanov ah - Alexis. Haddaba waxay ahayd horyaalka ee premium a, taas oo ay noqotay in la kasbaday dagaalka uu badan bayna ahaayeen, furitaankii iyo geesinimada. Laakiin Butros aan, ina Alexei Mikhailovich, bal yaa isaga ku guulaysteen carshigii boqortooyada, si ay u abuuraan ay ciidanka cusub si joogto ah loo bedelay in 1712 in taliyuhu uu darajo ciidan sarkaal waaran. Haddaba taasu waxay noqotay a sugnaaday Jannooyinka sarkaal yar oo ka mid ah lugta iyo fardooley.

In 1884, isbedel ayaa mar kale ka dhacay. Cinwaanka "calan" ayaa guntiga u noqdo kan ugu horreeya ka mid ah saraakiisha. In ciidanka waxaa lagu badalay "Sarreeye" ( "buunka" in awr ah). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sida darajo sarkaalka u badbaadiyey for stock iyo booliiska military Caucasian. Sidoo kale, horyaalka ee "calan" waxa lagu meelaynayaa laga yaabaa in askartii, gaar ahaan isu kala duwanaayeen inta lagu jiro dagaalka.

Tan iyo 1886 oo ku tiirsan yar ee ciidamada fursad si aad u hesho horyaalka ee calan ag marayo imtixaan gaar ah, laakiin in, mar horeba "tagay" ka dib, waxay noqotay in aan maro sanadle ah lix isbuuc oo tababar military.

isbeddel joogto ah si ay u helaan darajo ka dhacay inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Nicholas II. In 1912 Boqortooyada uu ogolaaday bixinta ah in loo ogol yahay shaqo ee horyaalka ee arday calan dugsiyada military oo gaar ah in ay dhacdo in la sii daayo la dedejiyey oo xidhiidh la leh abaabulka ciidanka (8 bilood oo tababar ah ka dib).

Sidaas darteed, inta lagu guda jiro 1914-1918 dagaalka "degdegin" waaran sameeyey ayaa sal u ah shaqaalaha Taliyaha ayaa, maaraynta unugyada yar ama shaqaale mashiinka-qori.

55 sano oo aan waaran

Iyada oo soo socda si ay awood of Bolsheviks ee (1917) ku darajo wayn ee "Sarreeye" la tirtiray, sida, runtii, inta kale ee madaxda ciidamada. Waa maxay xiiso leh, Taliyaha ugu horeysay ee Chief of Army Cas ka dib markii sanadkii 17aad ahaa N. V. Krylenko in marka Nicholas II ahayd oo kaliya calan.

55 sano oo ciidamada Soviet waxaa jiray hay'ad aan lahayn mid ah saraakiisha xujo, iyo kaliya 1 January 1972 Wasaaradda Difaaca ee USSR ee amarka ah ee horyaalka ka dib markii ciidamada qalabka sida ee dalka. Xafiiska War loo arkaa in jagooyinka ay hayaan odayaasha iyo saraakiishiisii ka yar, ay awoodaan in ay qaataan category gaar ah shaqaalaha - calammadoodii (askarta amar ku saabsan Ciidamada badda). Sayidka waxaa dhacay in Sarreeye ah - nooc oo kala duwan ee ciidamada aadan ka tirsaneyn askartii saraakiishii toona, laakiin waxaa si cad loo calaamadeeyaa xadka u dhaxeeya.

isku day kale in laga takhaluso waaran

Bishii Disembar 2008dii, Anatoly Serdyukov, kuwaas oo wakhtigaas ahaa Wasiirka Gaashaandhiga, mar kale go'aansaday inuu liquidate hay'adda amar, ayaa rajeynaya in ay awoodaan in ay bedeli saraakiishii heshiiska waxbarashada sare waxay noqon doontaa. Isla mar ahaantaana laga eryay ciidamada qalabka sida Ruush ah oo ku saabsan 140,000 military qabtay darajo ee "Sarreeye". Laakiin Sergei Shoigu, guulaysato Serdyukov ee April 2013, go'aankan rogay.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, gaar ahaan amar la dib loo eegay yaabaha codsi gaar ah MO cusub - "guryihii wax lagu kaydiyey lahayn."

shaqaalaha cusub ee waaran

si gaar ah loogu talagalay waaran ah (warrant), cusub shaqaalaha ka mid ah oo ku saabsan boqol posts, oo kulli way iska lahaa "dagaal". Kuwaas oo guud ahaan qaybiyay laba qaybood:

1. Taliyaha (taliyey Batalyankii, kooxaha dagaalka, saldhigyada dagaalka, mashiinada).
2. Engineering (korontada, Radio Head, oo madax Rep ah. Shop, oo madax ka ah Noode., Iyo D. sidaas on.).

Taasi waa, posts oo dhan in Serdyukov go'aansaday on 1 December si ay u sameeyaan saajin, waxaa gabi ahaanba aan la tixgelinayo xaqiiqada ah in ay qaadato waxbarasho gaar ah xirfad sare iyaga. Difaaca hogaaminayo Shoigu inaan ku saxno by siinta jagooyinka isagujira, kaas oo u dhigma profiles ay. (Batalyankii hogaamiyaha kooxda, dagaal gaariga, ku xigeenka. Com., Iyo wixii la mid ah. D.) Tababarka.

Laakiin weli ma aan dukaamada. jagada "Head of bakhaarka" in ay ballanqaadayso weli ka jiraan, laakiin hadda waa si gaar ah uga welwelsan yahay bakhaarada dagaal - hubka. Ilaa hadda sida dharka iyo cuntada, ay go'aansadeen in ay siin ee ku takhasusay adeega bulshada.

Sidee in la dalacsiiyay ballanqaadayso sarkaalka ciidanka

Currently ee Russia waxaa jira 13 dugsiyada ee calammadoodii, halkaas oo takhasus ku ah arrimaha ciidamada qalabka sida. Sidaa darteed, si aad u hesho horyaalka ee "calan" ee ciidanka, waxaad isticmaali kartaa siyaabaha soo socda:

• Si ay ugu biiraan ciidanka oo adeeg ciidan. Waxaa, si ay u muujiyaan dhinaca wanaagsan, codsi qoraal ah in ay ka qeyb amarka jihada inaad wax ka barato waaran dugsiga. Laakiin waxaa jira digtoonyey ah. Sida caadiga ah, amarka ka fiirsanaya warar kaliya askari oo kuwa horay u adeegay in ka badan kala bar ay yihiin sabab.
• Haddii adeegga degdegga ah ayaa horay waxaa ka dambeeya, iyo in reserve a military lahaa rabitaan ah in ay dib ugu ciidanka heshiis tagaan, waxa uu isla markiiba ku dhawaaqi kara in ay doonayaan in ay isku qoraan dugsiga ee calammadoodii aan diraya in unit ciidamada.
• Ka dib markii la soo gabagabeeyo heshiiska in ay soo gudbiyaan warbixin ku saabsan jecel yihiin inaad wax ka barato dugsiga ee calammadoodii si toos ah taliyaha ah ee uu unit.

Sidoo kale jaamacadaha qaarkood waxaa laga yaabaa in la helo ardayda, kuwaas oo, xitaa iyada oo aan lagu qasabka ah, laakiin waxa ay soo galeen iyo ka dib waxbarashada jaamacadaha ku saabsan barnaamijka waxbarashada dugsiga sare, soo saaray la darajo ah calan. Sayidka, Strategic Ciidamada Gantaalaha Academy uu isku diyaarinayo Farsamoyaqaan wadayaasha nidaamyada gantaal mobile, sida la qorsheeyay in ay gabi ahaanba ka takhaluso isticmaalka NCO boostada.

Barasho ee calan dugsiga

Barasho ee dugsiga waa si toos ah ay ku xidhan tahay qaaska ah ee ciidamada, oo ay ardayga la doortay. Waxaa laga yaabaa in 5-10 bilood, haddii ardayga uu horey u adeegi jireen ciidanka ee qasabka ah iyo hore u qaaska ah profile ah.

Haddii ay dhacdo in waxbarashada "ka xoq" (arday dhigta waxbarasho oo aan lagu ciidanka ee aasaasiga ah ama ma laha qaaska ah ciidamada profile) muddo noqon kartaa ilaa 2 sano iyo 10 bilood.

Marka ay dhamaato heshiis military waaran dugsiga Wasaaradda Difaaca ee muddo aan ka yarayn 5 sano.

calan maanta

In xaaladda hadda jirta ku qufulan ku saabsan calan sida a maamulaha bakhaarka noqon tacaluqda.

Maanta calan - a "techie", mas'uul ka ah qalabka iyo isgaarsiinta ee goobaha military adag. Waxaa maamula gaadiidka, siday rido, wada galaan askartii on dagaalka ka dhawrsada.

Calan ciidanka casriga Ruush ka caretaker galay khabiir ciidan dhab ah u soo jeestay.