Cilmiga noolaha

Nidaamka of noolaha cilmiga, soo jeedinaya waxbarasho ee noocyada kala duwan ee xayawaan, oo ay qaab-dhismeedka, horumarinta, qalliin, waa qaab arrin ballaaran. Mid kasta oo ka mid ah laanta eryanayn gool gaar ah, baadhayaa arrimo gaar ah. Oo ay la socoto this, cilmiga noolaha ay si dhow u la xiriira midba midka kale.

Kala duwanaanta ee dhismayaasha waxaa sabab ma ahan oo keliya in ay kala duwan ee noocyada iyo qaababka nolosha, laakiin sidoo kale kala duwan ee hababka iyaga waxbarashada.

Xitaa wakhtiyadii hore u sameeyay cilmiga noolaha oo aasaasi ah: cilmi barasho xayawaan, cilmi barasho dhir, anatomy iyo jirka. Ka dibna waxa la aasaasay qeybaha waaweyn sida (dadka deggan biyo waxbarashada) hydrobiology iyo ayidhi (baaraya sheyga) go'doonsan sida uu alaab waxbarasho.

Laga soo bilaabo laamaha waaweyn tago cilmiga noolaha takhasus sare leh. Tusaale ahaan, cilmi barasho xayawaan (cilmiga xoolaha) waxaa ka mid ah Theriology in daraasaad nuujiya protozoology - protozoa Malacology - acarologists shellfish - caarada entomology - ichthyology cayayaanka - ichthyoids. Qaab dhismeedka cilmi barasho dhir ku jira cilmiga noolaha sida dendrology (geedaha, ay duurka) bryology (Muuse) lichenology (oo ku saabsan lichens), Mycology (oo ku saabsan boqoshaada) iyo kuwo kale.

Waxaa jira kala qaybsameen qoto dheer ee edbiyo. Sayidka, qaybinta noolaha galay qaybaha iyo kala duwanaanta, waxbarasho nidaamsan cilmiga ay noolaha. Anshaxa baaraya dunida organic ah maanta, waxaa loo yaqaan sabiga. sayniska ee foomamka pre-jira nolosha yeedhay paleontology.

dooyinka kale soocidda meesha ku lug leh kala daliilka iyo guryaha nool. Tusaale ahaan, hawlaha kala duwan ee noolaha waxbarashada jirka, su'aalo ah ee hiddo - genetics, in dhaqanka xoolaha - ethology. Features of baadhayaa embryology horumarinta shakhsi, in dareen ballaadhan - biology horumarineed. Wada jir ah ula anshaxa this kasta qaybsanyihiin gaar ah. Tusaale ahaan, fataahadda, qaab waxbarasho, waxa lagu tilmaamay in ay la barbardhigo, functional iyo kuwa kale ee warshadaha. Isla heysta lays labada dhinac iyo dad isuga cidhiidhi ah cilmiga noolaha kala duwan, si ay u sameeyaan isku murugsan. Tusaale ahaan, waxaa jira warshado sida histophysiology, cytogenetics, iyo kuwa kale.

Dhismaha nidaamka iyo xubnaha macroscopically waxbarashada anatomy, qaab-dhismeedka cqaadir oo unug - histology, qaab-dhismeedka of bu'da unugga - unugyada Karyology guud ahaan - Cytology. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Karyology, Cytology iyo histology lagu daro barashada qaabka dhismayaasha qaarkood lug ku leh daraasaddan ee guryaha iyo hawlaha lagmamaarmaanna ay.

In biology go'doonsan anshaxa la xiriira isticmaalka hababka kala duwan ee waxbarasho. Tusaale ahaan, waxaa Kiimikada noole nolosha baaraya maaraysa hababka kiimikada Biophysics sameynta shuruucda jirka. Waa in la ogaadaa in labadan nidaamo waxaa inta badan isku maran kasta oo kale, waxaa loo isticmaalaa in isku darka waxbarasho ee arrin gaar ah.

meel gaar ah waa edbinta noocan oo kale ah sida astaan. Waxay ku salaysan tahay xisaabta codsatay habka processing xogta noolaha. Isticmaalka warshad uu noqdo mid ay suurtagal tahay in lagu qeexo habka qofka iyo ifafaale, design of tijaabo, samaynta sharciyada noolaha guud.

Waa in la ogaadaa in bayoolaji jira baaritaano labada af iyo qoraal sidoo kale muhiim ah. First u ogolaan in ka beddeli meelo badan oo ka mid ah dhaqanka, sida farsamada ama warshadaha biology ayidhi. Isla mar ahaantaana, dhaqanka industry ee bayoolajiga hodmin aragtida aqoonta cusub.