Digital-to-analog Converter: description, mabaadi'da hawlgalka, codsiga.

calaamadaha Analog waxaa lagu gartaa tiro ka mid ah oo xuduudaheedu farsamo, mid ka mid ah taas oo ah soo noqnoqoshada oscillation ah. Tusaale ahaan, dhegta aadanaha maqli karo calaamadaha isagoo soo noqnoqoshada ah ee kala duwan oo laga bilaabo 1 ilaa 22 Khz, iyo iftiinka muuqda ka kooban yahay inta jeer ee la qiyaasay in balaayiin Hertz. Tusaale ka mid ah signal analoogga ah uma shaqayn karo sidii lagu qoro diiwaanka gramophone. Photos, madow iyo caddaan marka hore, ka dibna, iyo midabka - sidoo kale waa tusaale ka mid ah ah duubo signal analog.

Digital-to-analog Converter had iyo jeer waa lagama maarmaan ka dib markii Converter ka analog-ka-digital (ADC), taas oo faa'iido leh in la yidhaahdo dhawr eray, in ay jirto wax dhibaato ah oo nadiif ah oo la xalin by qalab hoostiisa tixgelin noo by.

ADC kuweeda ah signal analog si digital. Sida caadiga ah tirada taas oo u dhiganta qiimaha signal waqtiga cabbirka, waa code binary. cabiraada kasta waxaa la sameeyaa oo la soo noqnoqoshada gaar ah, loo yaqaan heerka ururinta.

heerka sampling ugu yaraan waa aragti taaban bixiya kabashada signal haydh haydh lahayn. signal waxa uu leeyahay ma dhalanrog iyo soo celiyo wax soo saarka ee digital si Converter signal analog. inta jeer quantizing waa in ugu yaraan laba inta jeer ee ugu badan diinta signal. Tusaale ahaan, isbedel of signal ka dhawaaqa haydh haydh lahayn inta jeer ku filan quantization loo siman yahay 44 Khz.

Haddaba waxaa iska cad in Converter ee digital-ka-analog waa at xigxiga aqbasho of codes binary, kaas oo ay tahay in loo beddelay signal a analog baahisey ah.

halaynta Hawleed iyo nolosha adeegga ayaa sidoo kale ka mid ahaa in tirooyinka, laakiin xuduudaheedu kuwaas kuma tiirsana mabda 'hawlgalka ee DAC ah, laakiin halkii ay ka qaybood ah iyo in la dhiso tayada. Marka laga DACs mabda 'Isbadal ayaa la kala duwanaayeen sifooyinka kala duwan sida firfircoon ee, sax diinta iyo xuduudaheedu waqti.

kala duwan ee firfircoon waxaa ka go'an for aqbasho DAC iyo wax soo saarka, sida saamiga qiimaha ugu badan ee talooyinka (wax soo saarka) si ay talooyin ugu yar (wax soo saarka) qiimaha.

Mid ka mid ah ku soo koobin saacado waa-bedelka ee inta jeer sampling, muddada loo yaqaan quantization. Waxaa la fahamsan yahay in qiimaha this qeexan ADC ee, via kaas oo signal la diinta DAC.

tirada aasaasiga sifeeyay xawaaraha DAC waa markii qaab beddelidda. Halkan waxaan ku leeyihiin in ay ka dhexeeya kordhaya raanta dooran - DACs badan oo sax ah, laakiin in ka yar ay xawaaraha, iyo qeybsanaan.

Tixgeli mabaadiida qaar ka mid ah diinta "digital-ka-analog", oo aan sheegin qaaciidooyinka iyo qorsheyaasha. Waxaa jira laba mabda'a diinta - serial iyo isku midka ah.

isku xigxiga ee codes digital at talooyin ah ee Converter digital-ka-analog badasha isku xigxiga oo ka mid ah digir qaab ee wax soo saarka. width garaaca wadnaha A iyo bareeg ku xiga in ay ka hor garaaca wadnaha ee soo socda waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa ku xiran code soo socda binary. Sidaa awgeed, wax soo saarka-pass hooseeyo filter waa la heli signal ah analog by karsado yimid on talooyin la muddo variable.

diinta ka midka ah waxaa la sameeyaa, tusaale ahaan, via resistors ku xiran ee isku midka ah in ay saad awood deggan. Tirada resistors waa loo siman yahay si ay u aqbasho xoogaa in code talooyin ah. Qiimaha iska caabin ah ee lambar ugu weyn waa 2 jeer ka yar ee hore u LSB. In circuit iska caabin kasta uu fure. code Access gacanta ku furaha - halkaas oo 1, kaaso hadda. Sidaas awgeed, soo wareegi jiray ee hadda la go'aamin doonaa by miisaanka dheecaanku ka daadanayo, iyo wax soo saarka Converter digital-ka-analog ayaa hadda net kaas oo u dhigma doonaa xeerka binary duubay.